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INFORMATION ON RENEWABLE ENERGY Scjemjfjc projects
MANUFACTURE NANO-COMPOSITES MEMBRANES FOR CLEARING CHLORINE
A.L. Gusev, M. A. Kazaryan
Scientific and Technical Center "TATA" P.O.Box 687, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod reg. 607183 Russia Phone/Fax: 8-83130-63107, phone: 8-83130-97472, e-mail: gusev@hydrogen.ru
FIAN Lebedev, Moscow 119991 Russia Phone/Fax: 8-495-1357880, Phone: 8-495-938 2251, e-mail: KAZAR@sci.lebedev.ru
Introduction. World production of chlorine made in 1975 — 25 million tons (BC3), in 1997 — 44 million tons (data Euro Chlor). It is important to receive chlorine of the maximum clearing for various chemical processes.
The project will address both fundamental and applied matters. Fundamental matters include theoretical aspects in developing new materials and combined nanostructures. Applied matters include the development and analysis of selective membranes to produce extra pure chlorine. Chemically chlorine is very active, directly incorporates almost to all metals (with the some only at presence of a moisture or at heating) and with nonmetals (except for carbon, of nitrogen, oxygen, of inert gases).
Objective. Develop selective membranes to produce extra pure chlorine based on a fundamentally new approach using profile matrices and nanotubes grown in them.
Fundamental and applied matters. The most essential fundamental and applied matters include the development of theoretical approaches and processes for growing Membranes for clearing Chlorine using profile nanomatrices and nanostructures grown in them. A phenomenological description of an optimal membrane structure to develop nanomembrane synthesis methodology will be proposed.
According to Dubinin's theory, all sorption materials can be divided into three groups: micro-, meso- and macro-sorbents. Sorption in the meso- and macro-sorbents proceeds at lower temperatures. In the micro- and supermicro-sorbents, sorption shows activation behavior and proceeds at elevated sorbate temperatures. At the same time, the theory of hydrogen microsorption in nanostructures can be further developed towards the reduction of the diameter of inner supermicrosorbent channels to the sizes commensurate with the diameter of chlorine molecules (0.37 nm).
As basic nanomatrices, one can consider both single-wall carbon nanotubes (hollow or hollow with partial inner wall coating).
Projects and development
Device for making carbon nanotube-based membranes:
1 — substrate,
2 — control unit,
3 — vacuum chamber,
4 — catalyst application,
5 — pump,
6 — methane tank,
7 — atomizer,
8 — compound tank,
9 — heater,
10 — mold,
11 — cooling system,
12 — laser,
13 — membrane
International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology ISJAEE № 4(48) (2007) Международный научный журнал «Альтернативная энергетика и экология» АЭЭ № 4(48) (2007)
Methods of drawing catalytic nanoclusters. Catalyst application system
Various concepts of cultivation of membranes
Conception 1
Conception 2
Conception 3
Nanotube growth system (CVD)
Instruments and techniques
The nanomembranes produced during the project will be comprehensively studied and analyzed using experimental and instrumental capabilities of STC "TATA" and its partners.
Nanotubes will be synthesized using a graphite arc spray facility, and a CVD facility. Analysis will be carried out using transmission electron and scanning tunnel microscopy, a vacuum system, the BET technique, a plasma analyzer to study the materials' chemical composition, x-ray phase analysis, a potenti-otate, large and small electron accelerators.
Edelweiss-001 test bench
Synthesized membranes will be studied using a unique test bench, Edelweiss-001, adapted to meet the project objectives and developed by STC "TATA".
Conclusion. As a result of the effort, selective membranes for producing extra pure chlorine will be developed.
References
1.A.L. Gusev. Project Proposal #1580 "Hydrogen Detectors" // International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology, 2000, No. 1, P. 222-226.
2. A. L. Gusev, V. M. Belousov, I. V. Bachericova, E. V. Rozhkova. Hydrogen Sensor for Cryogenic vacuum objects // Abstacts book of NATO International Conference Katsiveli, Yalta, Ukraine, September 02-08, 1999. P. 370.
3. A. L. Gusev, M. A. Kazaryan. Nano-composites for Hydrogen Membranes and Fuel Cells. Bayer-MatarialScience (BMS) & The International Science and Technology Center (ISTC). Research Conference, Moscow, Russia, 23-24 January 2007. P. 22-23.
4. A. L. Gusev, E. V. Kudel'kina. Phenomenological thermodynamics of adsorbtion for jistification of synthesis of the optimal hydrogen accumulator based on zeolites, carbon nanotubes and nano-spheres // The Proceedings for the 30th ISTC Japan Workshop on Advanced Catalysis Technologies in Russia, April 12-19, 2004, Visits to Companies in Japan, Sponsor: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan-Rissia Business Cooperation Committee; International Science and Technology Center (ISTC). P. 230.
5. A. L. Gusev, M. D. Hampton, I. V. Zolotuchin, J. E. Kalinin, A. T. Ponomarenko, V. S. Travkin, T. N. Veziroglu. SUPERINSULATION: NEW EFFECTS, STRUCTURES, Design PRINCIPLES // Extended Abstracts of the «Eurofillers' 01» Conference, July 9-12, 2001, Lodz (Poland) Technical University of Lodz., C-10, P. 102/C-10/1-103/C-10/2.
6. Yu. S. Nechaev, A. L. Gusev, B. K. Gupta, O. N. Srivastava, T. N. Veziroglu. On using graphite na-nofibers for hydrogen on-board storage. // In: Transactions of International conference "Solid State Hydrogen Storage - Materials and Applications", January 31 - February 1, 2005, Hyderabad, India.
International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology ISJAEE №4(48) (2007) ЛЛЛ
Международный научный журнал «Альтернативная энергетика и экология» АЭЭ №4(48) (2007) fcw I
