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CHEMICAL SCIENCES
LUBRICANT-COOLING AND TECHNOLOGICAL FLUIDS OF THE MACHINE-BUILDING AND AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES BASED ON WASTE VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL OILS Sobirzhonov A.1, Niyazova G.P.2 (Republic of Uzbekistan) Email: Sobirzhonov456@scientifictext.ru
1Sobirzhonov Abutolib - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor; 2Niyazova Gulhae Parpievna - Senior Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT POWER PLANTS, TASHKENT STATE TRANSPORT UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article discusses the relevance of the development offuels and lubricants and process fluids for the engineering and automotive industries based on vegetable and animal oils. Existing technologies make it possible to obtain biofuels, lubricants and cutting fluids using organic components. The production of fuels and lubricants based on renewable sources can solve, on the one hand, the problem of a shortage of energy natural resources, and on the other, significantly reduce the negative impact of such products on the environment.
Keywords: ecology, vegetable oils, animal fats of fuels and lubricants, lubricants, process fluids.
СМАЗОЧНО-ОХЛАЖДАЮЩИЕ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ
ЖИДКОСТИ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ И
АВТОМОБИЛЬНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ НА ОСНОВЕ
ОТХОДОВ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ И ЖИВОТНЫХ МАСЕЛ 12 Собиржонов А. , Ниязова Г.П. (Республика Узбекистан)
1Собиржонов Абутолиб - кандидат технических наук, доцент; 2Ниязова Гулхае Парпиевна - старший преподаватель, кафедра транспортных энергетических установок, Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в статье рассматривается актуальность разработки горючесмазочной продукции и технологических жидкостей для машиностроительной и автомобильной промышленности на основе растительных и животных масел. Существующие технологии позволяют с помощью органических компонентов получать биотопливо, смазочные материалы и смазочно-охлаждающие жидкости. Производство горюче-смазочных материалов на основе возобновляемых источников способно решить, с одной стороны, проблему дефицита энергетических природных ресурсов, а с другой - значительно снизить негативное влияние подобных продуктов на экологию.
Ключевые слова: экология, растительные масла, животные жиры ГСМ, смазочные материалы, технологические жидкости.
The development of technologies for the production of fuels and lubricants, cutting lubricants and other process fluids using vegetable and animal oils, alcohols and other organic components is one of the promising areas for obtaining these products from
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renewable sources. In production, one can increasingly find fuels and lubricants based on products of plant origin.
The popularization of plant-based process fluids for industry is explained by a gradual decrease in raw materials reserves and the high cost of petroleum products. But more important is the fact that the use of organic components in the engineering and automotive industries can significantly increase the environmental friendliness of the final product [1]. That is why today active research in the development of fuels and lubricants and process fluids based on vegetable and animal oils is carried out, on the one hand, in countries that do not have significant reserves of natural resources, on the other, in highly developed countries that have the ability to purchase energy resources in large volume, but worried about the ecology of the region.
Existing technologies allow using organic components to obtain the following products:
• biofuel (produced by esterification of organic fats);
• lubricants and cutting fluids.
The physicochemical characteristics of many vegetable oils are such that they can serve as components for the production of hydraulic and transmission oils, greases and viscous additives [3]. The practice of using lubricants containing vegetable and animal oils as components in tribosystems has shown that process fluids made from organic components are in no way inferior to high-quality harmless synthetic materials, and mineral fluids are superior in many parameters [4].
It can be concluded that the production of fuels and lubricants based on renewable sources can solve, on the one hand, the problem of a shortage of natural energy resources, and on the other, significantly reduce the negative impact of such products on the environment. Understanding that further intensive soil and air pollution by exhaust from automobile and agricultural equipment will invariably lead to an environmental disaster, makes us pay special attention to vegetable oils as an alternative to traditional fuels and lubricants.
At the same time, the efficiency of using fuel, lubricants, cooling and other process fluids made with the use of substances of organic origin must be evaluated for each specific type of technological operation. Such a differentiated approach promotes the most expedient use of certain materials, which also implies the maximum reduction of the negative impact of various kinds of technological fluids on humans and nature in general.
References / Список литературы
1. Markov V.A., Kaskov S.I., Loboda S.S. Vegetable oils as an ecological additive to petroleum diesel fuel [Rastitel'nye masla kak ekologicheskaya dobavka k neftyanomu dizel'nomu toplivu] // Izvestiya vysshikh educational institutions. Mechanical engineering [Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedenij. Mashinostroenie], 2018. № 7 (700).
2. Kondrasheva N.K., Kondrashev D.O., Eremeeva A.M.Obtaining and research of biodiesel fuel based on vegetable raw materials [Poluchenie i issledovanie biodizel'nogo topliva na osnove rastitel'nogo syr'ya] // Academic journal of Western Siberia [Akademicheskij zhurnal Zapadnoj Sibiri], 2014. T. 10. № 2. S. 24-24.
3. Ostrikov V.V., Tupotilov N.N., Zimin A.G. Research results on the development of technological processes for the use of vegetable oils as lubricants [Rezul'taty issledovanij po razrabotke tekhnologicheskih processov ispol'zovaniya rastitel'nyh masel v kachestve smazochnyh materialov] // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin [Voronezhskij nauchno-tekhnicheskij Vestnik], 2014. T. 3. № 3. S. 105-110.
4. Voitov V.A., Kravtsov A.G. Assessment of tribological and operational properties of working liquids based on vegetable oils. [Ocenka tribologicheskih i ekspluatacionnyh svojstv rabochih zhidkostej na osnove rastitel'nyh masel], 2013.
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