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8ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
LOVE FOR NATURE: WITH HEART AND MIND Sharipova F.N.
Sharipova Feruza Negmatullaevna - teacher of English language, DEPARTMENT FOREIGN LANGUAGES,
BUKHARA ENGINEERING-TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: extinction of certain species of flora and fauna in Central Asia, more specifically in Uzbekistan is considered in the article. Also effective work on rational use of natural resources in Uzbekistan is told in this article.
Keywords: climate change, ecological disaster, diversity, avifauna.
Today environmental problems stand in line with the most pressing challenges, determining the level of well being of the entire world civilization. Climate change, air pollution, water scarcity, irrational use of water, biodiversity loss, soil degradation and waste disposal problem pose a tough challenge for humanity.
Violation of environmental postulates entails problems and disasters, the tragic consequences of which fail to be eliminated for decades. It would be appropriate to recall the prediction of the great scholar Abu Rayhon Beruni, who warned a thousand years ago: "if people commit violence against nature, in flagrant violation of its laws, the day will come when it will bring unimaginable calamities down on their heads, and they will not be able to stop any power."
The truth of these words is evidenced by the severe consequences of the Aral Sea ecological disaster: extinction of certain species of flora and fauna, degradation of water and land resources, sprawling threat of desertification. Today, this catastrophe has outgrown the boundaries of the region. It has turned global, requiring close attention of international organizations, politicians, researchers and experts.
In the context of global environmental change, environmental protection is deemed a global challenge. Its relevance can hardly be overestimated. As repeatedly noted by the President of Uzbekistan, the international community has long recognized the sanctity and inviolability of human rights not only to life, but also to decent environmental conditions for the full and healthy life [1].
Uzbekistan has been attaching importance to environmental protection since the very dawn of its independence, as evidenced by the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 8, 1992, and the environmental protection law the next day [2]. Today, more than 30 laws and regulations address environmental pillar for sustainable development of economy sectors. The MP group of the Ecological Movement in the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis is working on nine related bills.
Effective work on rational use of natural resources and reduction of the economy has been carried out on the national scale. The measures on the further development of the chemical, energy, construction and other industries, which stipulate the reduction of the environmental impact, have helped to twice decrease pollutant emissions into the atmosphere and waste dumps.
As part of fulfillment of commitments under the Vienna Convention for the protection of the Ozone Layer and implementation of the national program to halt the use of ozone - depleting substances, their total consumption was reduced by 99.85%.
Uzbekistan has done much in recent years to diversify agricultural production. The reconstruction and building of drainage facilities, restoration of main canals, sewers, drainage networks, pumping stations, introduction of drip irrigation systems has been underway. Successive measures helped to ameliorate lands. An effective microorganism technology has been an advanced alternative to pesticides. It ensures the cultivation of agricultural products without the use of mineral fertilizers and chemicals.
The flora of Uzbekistan is rich in ancestors and wild relatives of plants, which are presently widely cultivated by humans and are of particular value in agriculture. They are important for the creation of new and improvement of existing economically important crops. They are walnuts, ordinary and Bukhara almonds, date plum, pomegranate, Turkmen pear, Sivers apple, jujube, pistachio and others, which concentrate mainly in the mountainous regions.
The diversity of flora and fauna of Uzbekistan with a large number of endemic species of truly global significance, migration routes of the Red Book animals, the availability of the water bodies, which provide home, rest and wintering for migratory birds, including rare species of avifauna, have
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determined the internationally important role of Uzbekistan in the preservation of the world's biological diversity.
The Ecological Movement of Uzbekistan initiated the development of laws on the protection and use of flora and fauna, which were edited and newly adopted by the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis in the first reading.
According to experts and environmental organizations, including international ones, the environmental quality in certain endangered areas of the country has been getting improved as a result of environmental policy and ongoing environmental protection measures.
The independent Uzbekistan can rightly be proud of the work done in the environmental protection. The noble and highly relevant work on drawing the attention of the society to environmental problems of the environment and changing human attitude to natural resources is underway. It will be effective if everyone loves nature not only with his heart, but also with his mind.
References
1. Karimov I.A. We build our future with our hands. Tashkent, 1999. P. 317.
2. Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tashkent, 1992.
