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Figure. Structure determination of vatiparol. (ORD, optical rotatory dispersion; ECD, electronic circular dichroism)
CRUDE AND ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF PROPOLIS AS NATURAL GROWTH PROMOTERS (NGPS) IN MEAT POULTRY PRODUCTION
© Gheisari Abbasali1, Ghalamkari Gholamreza 1, Amini Hamid Reza 2, Shahrvand Shekofa2, Rezayat Ehsan2, Mohammadrezaei Mohammad2
Department of Animal Science, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran 2Young Researchers Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding different levels and sources of propolis substituted for Flavophospholipol as an antibiotic growth promoter on performance of broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. Five hundred and twenty days old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into 40 experimental units of 13 chicks each. Each 4 groups were allocated to one of the ten dietary treatments, randomly. Dietary treatments were included control diet, diet containing 500 mg/kg of antibiotic Flavophospholipol, 4 diets containing different levels of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) and 4 diets containing 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg of crude propolis. The indices of performance were
evaluated for each treatment during the experimental period (0-42 d of age). The results showed that daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio had no significantly affected by different dietary levels and sources of propolis compared to chickens fed antibiotic Flavophospholipol. The highest averages of body weight at 42 d of age (2284 g) and feed intake in total experimental period (100.4 g/bird/d) assigned to chickens fed diet containing 100 mg/kg EEP. Totally, the results of this experiment showed that, similar to diet containing antibiotic growth promoter, feeding diets supplemented with 100 mg/kg EEP or 500 mg/kg crude propolis can improve performance of broiler chicks compared to control diet.
LIFE WITH LARCH - ISOLATED ARABINOGALACTANS AND THEIR IMMUNOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
© Göllner E. M.
Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrae 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
The macromolecular larch arabinogalactan (LAG) of 1,6-linked galactose and arabinose residues (1). is a highly branched polysaccharide consisting of LAG is an excellent source of dietary fiber and has a 1,3-linked galactan backbone with side-chains been approved as such by the US Food and Drug
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Administration (2). it has been shown to increase the production of short-chain fatty acids, principally butyrate and propionate, and has been shown to decrease the generation and absorption of ammonia. Evidence also indicates human consumption of larch arabinogalactan has a significant effect on enhancing beneficial gut microflora, specifically increasing anaerobes such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus (3). In vitro studies have indicated larch arabinogalactan can stimulate natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, enhance other functional aspects of the immune system and inhibit the metastasis of tumor cells to
the liver (4), larch arabinogalactan has several interesting properties which appear to make it an interesting adjunctive supplement to consider in cancer protocols.
References: (1) Göllner EM et al. (2011) Carbo-hydr Polymers 86 (4): 1739-1744. (2) Robinson et al. (2001) J Am Coll Nutr 20 (4): 279-285. (3) Bosscher et al. (2009) J Physiol Pharmacol 60: 5-11. (4) Beuth et al. (1988) Clin Expl Metastasis 6 (2): 115-120.
Acknowledgment: The author thanks Lonza, Visp, for financial support of this work.
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINES (TCM)
© Guo De-an
Shanghai Research Center for TCM Modernization, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China, e-mail: daguo@mail.shcnc.ac.cn
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has over 3000 years of history and played important role in the peoples' health and social development in Chinese history. in the past 50 years, Chinese scientists have made great effort to modernize TCM to make it a evidence-based medicine from the experence-based origin. in the past decade or so, we made a great endeavour to perform chemical, metabolic and biological analyses for the complex system of TCM aiming at elaborating scientific and feasible quality standards of these herbal medicines. A series chemical methods have been developed for the comprehensive analysis of the multicomponent TCM system including multiple marker quantification of single herbs or herbal combinations. Metabolic analysis for herbs also plays an important role for clarifying the active components of TCM complex systems. Metabolic fingerprint profiling method was developed for Salvia miltiorrhiza and other typical Chinese herbs.
Advances in high-throughput "omics" technologies to measure changes of genes, proteins, and other biomo-lecular components in complex biological systems have dramatically revolutionized research of traditional medicine. in the past 6 years, proteomics technologies such as 2-DE and nano-LC-MS/MS were used in our lab to study mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines including Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ganoderma lucidum, Panax no-toginseng. For study of Salvia miltiorrhiza, possible direct protein targets of salvianolic acid B, the main active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, were predicted using a ligand-protein inverse docking algorithm. The possible signal network of salvianolic acid B from its direct protein target and its signal-related proteins was established based on protein-protein interaction databases and then certified. Results of proteomic study provide useful information for understanding the mechanism of TCM.
VARIATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE PROFILES OF SALINISPORA SPECIES WITH THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN
© Hewavitharana A. K.1, Bose U. 1, Vidgen M. E.2, Shaw P. N. 1, Fuerst J. A. 2
1School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
2School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
The genus Salinispora is an obligate marine actino-mycete that produces a broad spectrum of secondary metabolites such as anticancer and antibiotic compounds. Taxonomic studies have formally identified two species S. tropica and S. arenicola (1). Jensen and co-workers (2) have found that Salinispora produces
secondary metabolites that are species-specific. in this study we investigated whether the secondary metabolite profile varies with the geographical location. Six S. arenicola isolates were derived from two sites (Cairns and Townsville) of Great Barrier Reef (GBR), on the east coast of Australia. Three biological replicates of each of
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