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LEXICAL FEATURES OF SOME WORDS IN MAHMUD KASHGARI'S
"DEVONU LUG'ATIT TURK"
E'zoza Tulkinjon kizi Normurodova
Student of Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov
In this article, some of the words used in Mahmud Kashgari's Devonu lug'atit turk (words that have their own meaning, partial meaning and form change) are etymological and dialectal features are analyzed.
Keywords: "Devonu lug'atit turk", dialects, dialectology; incense, free, ring, lung, short, shoe, agil, adash, etymology, dictionary.
INTRODUCTION
Uzbek dialects are very rich, diverse and historical among the Turkic dialects. Sheva's words are also found in Mahmud Kashgari's Devonu lug'atit turk, an 11th-century work. Despite the fact that the work was created a long time ago, the dialectal words of that period have survived in the mentality, social consciousness, language and lexical layers of our people. Although these changes do not radically change the lexical, semantic, syntactic features of the language, it is safe to say that the changes that have taken place in the life of society have given new meaning to certain symbols and concepts.
MAIN PART
It is appropriate to consider indiscriminately the social and linguistic changes that took place between the language of the eleventh century and our time. Although some of the words in the Devonian have become archaic in accordance with the laws of language development, the main part has come down to us in various cases, either completely or without any changes. It is noteworthy that the dialects used in the language of the tribes at that time existed in the dialects of modern Uzbek. Mahmud Kashgari's Devonu lug'ati turk is the main source for studying Uzbek dialects. In our study, the units used in the play have been studied and collected by many scholars, but we will study interesting words that are new to us by comparing them with the variants used in our dialects today.
The word free is used in the play to mean a collection of water and everything that is collected. That's why the adults of Karluk say that the lake is free. It's like a man with a lot of intelligence, a lot of intelligence, a lot of intelligence, like a limmo-lim
ABSTRACT
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lake. The word also means rain that lasts for days without free rain, and rain that does not stop for several days [1.68]. Today, the word free is interpreted in our literary language and dialects in a way that is free from all obstacles, obstacles, etc., and is voluntary or open. This means that the words for the two periods are lexically contradictory. In the 11th century, the word was used in the sense of gathering, and today it is used in the sense of openness.
The next word we will analyze is the word lung. In Devonian Dictionary of Turkish, the meaning of this word is anger. "The reason he says that is because anger is in the lungs" [1.48]. In our dialects, there are expressions that are used in a figurative sense, such as with or without lungs. The term lungless is also used to refer to people who do not act with extreme judgment. "Pulmonary edema" means the pain of crying. The phrase "kiss your lungs" is now used in the vernacular to describe your anger. In the Old Turkic language, the word has a much higher emotional-expressive color, and now it is used mainly for the weak.
Another word we use in the play is the word ring. In the play, the ring is a nickname for women, and is interpreted as a "gold ring" in the sense of a woman as pure as pure gold. A woman whose body is as pure as a pearl is called a morning ring [1. 250]. Today, the lexical meaning of the word is used in our dictionary as the name of a ring-shaped piece of jewelry worn for decoration. It seems that in both periods the meaning of belonging to women has been preserved.
Ag'il is derived from the Oguz language, and the sheep pen is called agil [1. 103]. The word is still used in the Kipchak dialect. In the literary language, the cattle or son variant is used. The only difference is that it is now used as a special building for storing and feeding not only sheep but also other livestock.
The word incense is used in the Devonian Dictionary of Turkish to refer to the treatment of wounds on the head or eyes of children; incense is burned and the smoke on the child's face is considered incense (O jinn loses consciousness-ey jin es-hushingni yo'qot) [1.130]. This method is still used by our people to this day. Incense is used for insect repellent, eye protection, antimicrobial and disinfectant purposes. In folk dialects, adrasimon, hazorospan, hazarsumant are used.
In the short play, the translation is called the bay. Nowadays, the lexical meaning is "no more." This adjective, which means the same thing in the ancient Turkic language, is derived from the verb qis - meaning "keep in a compressed state" with the suffix ir. Later, in Uzbek, the sign of hardness of the vowels i was lost: qis ir = kisir was formed. Mahmud Kashgari states that this quality is used in the ancient Turkic language for a woman who is not pregnant [1,228]. The meaning of the word "kisir" was changed to "animal" in Uzbek. For example, a cow or a sheep. In the Old Turkic language, the
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word kulnakchi is used for animals, which means a bull. The shoe is derived from the Old Turkic word for ankle, which means ankle. The Uzbek word means felt boot, piyma; generally used in the sense of footwear. For example, one shoe sank quickly and the other sank [1. 433]. Some of the words used in the Old Turkic language during the Old Turkic period live in our modern dialects. The fact that the words we have analyzed in the Devonian Dictionary of Turkish, found in sister languages, shows that they were actively used in the Turkic language of the past.
The word adash means "friend" in the devon. In today's dictionaries and colloquialisms, the word means a person whose name is the same as someone else's, and is used in reference to such people [1. 87]. For example, -Yasha, adash! Said Qudrat happily. If we look at the etymology of this word: the word a: t, which means "name" in the ancient Turkic language, is formed from the at form with the suffix -dash, then the consonant t is replaced by the consonant d under the influence of the consonant d, so ' One of the consonants ngra dd is left unpronounced. Preserved in Uzbek as at dash = atdash> addash> adash.
CONCLUSION
We can see that our ancient words used in Devon, such as free, ring, lung, incense, agil, a, kisraq, bashmoq, adash, have changed their lexical and semantic features over time. It is said that serious dictionaries of Uzbek dialects have been published for almost half a century. One of our main tasks is to redevelop the field of dialectology of Uzbek linguistics, to collect and study dialect words in our language, to enrich our literary language through the lexicon of folk dialects.
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