CC BY
4B-I-9
BIOMEDICAL PHOTONICS
Laser assisted methods in haemorheologic research
Alexander Priezzhev1, Andrei Lugovtsov1, Petr Ermolinskiy1, Alexei Semenov2, Sergey Nikitin1, Yuri Gurfinkel3, Kisung Lee4
1Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, 1-62, Moscow, 119991, Russia;
2Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia;
Medical research and educational center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovskiy ave.,
27-10, Moscow, 119234, Russia;
4Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute of Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Korea;
avp2@mail.ru
Laser technologies (laser tweezers, diffuse light scattering, laser diffractometry and digital capillaroscopy) have shown their high potential in haemorheologic research since several decades ago because of a large variety of the effects of laser light interaction with biological structures constituting blood. Quick development of biophotonics methods of visualization, sensing and measurement based of registration of light scattering and fluorescence have given an impetus to the studies, in particular, of blood composition and rheology and their alteration under pathologies. We describe our more than 20-years long experience in designing and implementing laser technologies for studying blood microrheol-ogy and microcirculation. We evaluate the feasibility of these techniques to assess microrheological effects of various molecular mechanisms affecting erythrocyte aggregation and deformability. In particular, we show that laser tweezers and diffuse light scattering allow for assessing the changes in erythrocyte aggregation in whole blood samples and cell suspensions both on the level of single cells and on the level of large ensembles of cells. Application of these methods in vitro enable one to study the mechanisms of erythrocyte aggregation because they are sensitive to changes in the medium surrounding the cells (i.e., blood plasma, serum or model solutions of blood plasma proteins) and to changes in the cellular properties of the erythrocytes (i.e., effects on the cell membrane due to glycoprotein inhibition). Using the laser diffractometry technique we are able to assess the distribution of the erythrocytes in sizes and deformabilities. Using digital capillaroscopy we are able to monitor in vivo the alterations of blood flow parameters on the microcirculatory level where the major exchange of gases between blood and tissues takes place. We have been applying all these techniques to monitor the alterations of blood microrheology and microcirculation in patients suffering from such socially important diseases as arterial hypertention and diabetes mellitus.
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 22-15-00120) and performed according to the Development program of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov Moscow State University «Photonic and Quantum technologies. Digital medicine»
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