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Laser additive formation of hybrid tissue-engineering matrices for the reconstruction of complex skeletal tissues
N. Minaev1
1Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sc iences, Institute of Photon Technologies, Moscow- Troitsk, Russian Federation
Technologies for laser formation of tissue-engineered structures are the current method of modern regenerative medicine. The report presents the results of the development of an approach to laser additive formation of tissue equivalents for the task of restoring degenerative-dystrophic diseases of cartilage articulated with bone tissue. In the developed approach, it is proposed for the first time to use a combination of different laser prototyping technologies: the method of surface-selective laser sintering of polymer powder to form a porous scaffold simulating a three-dimensional structure of bone tissue, and a Laser Induced Forward Transfer method (LIFT) for cartilage cells and chondrospheres for the formation of conjugate cartilage equivalent. The use of distilled water as a sensitizer in combination with infrared laser radiation from a thulium laser (1.94 |im) distinguishes the method developed by us. The process does not use potentially dangerous toxic fillers (carbon, nanoparticles) and allows the use of modified polymer particles saturated with biologically active substances sensitive to high temperatures. The laser-induced transfer method allows precise positioning of cells encapsulated in a hydrogel or multicellular spheroids in a three-dimensional space to form high-density cell layers with a high regenerative potential. The practical results of the development of scaffolds by the method of surface-selective laser sintering and the results of their functionalization with cellular material using LIFT technology, as well as original laser three-dimensional printing systems of their own design are presented.
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the State assignment FSRC «Crystallography and Photonics» RAS and Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 18-32-20184)
