Научная статья на тему 'LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION'

LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Текст научной статьи по специальности «Экономика и бизнес»

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Ключевые слова
UNEMPLOYMENT / ECONOMY / ECONOMIC LIFE / TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT / LABOR MARKET / QUALIFICATION / RETRAINING / WORKING POPULATION / PROJECT

Аннотация научной статьи по экономике и бизнесу, автор научной работы — Zhuravleva V.A., Kalashnikova O.I., Besedina E.A.

The research is devoted to the problem of unemployment and the effects it may produce to the society. Types of unemployment are considered. The rate of unemployment increased for the last year and possible consequences of the fact are highlighted. Desirable steps to decrease the amount of unemployed people have been put forth.

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Текст научной работы на тему «LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION»

1991, 1996;

2. Karamatov H., "Temur epoch of" learning problems (cultural monuments), T., 2003

Y^K-338

Zhuravleva V.A.

Kalashnikova O.I.

Students of Siberian Transport University, Novosibirsk

Besedina E.A.

Tutor, Siberian Transport University, Novosibirsk LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM IN THE

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Abstract

The research is devoted to the problem of unemployment and the effects it may produce to the society. Types of unemployment are considered. The rate of unemployment increased for the last year and possible consequences of the fact are highlighted. Desirable steps to decrease the amount of unemployed people have been put forth.

Keywords: unemployment; economy; economic life; types of unemployment; labor market; qualification; retraining; working population; project.

One of the main problems of the modern Russian economy is the problem of unemployment, which acts as a complex and contradictory macroeconomic phenomenon of economic life. Unemployed people are an integral part of any society and Russia is no exception. The more people are unemployed the more impact on the socio-economic and political situation in the country they have.

Unemployment is a social and economic phenomenon in which part of the working population can not find jobs, and thus realize ownership of their labor is relatively abundant on the effectiveness of capital, adding back the army of labor.

There are different types of unemployment, such as:

Structural unemployment that focuses on the structural problems within an economy and inefficiencies in labor markets.

Frictional unemployment implies the time period between jobs when a worker is searching for or transitioning from one job to another.

Cyclical unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs when there is not enough aggregate demand in the economy to provide jobs for everyone who wants to work.

Considering all the factors recently affecting Russian economy, it is not surprisingly that many experts predicted that the Russian population would inevitably face the serious scourge of mass unemployment. [3].

The subject of this study is to analyze Russia's Unemployment Rate in the period 2016 and the beginning of 2017 years. [1], [4].

The unemployment rate in Russia increased to 5.6 percent in January 2017

from 5.3 percent in December and well above market expectations of 5.6 percent. It was the highest jobless rate since May 2016. The number of unemployed people increased by 185 thousand to 4.288 million and the number of economically active people decreased by 100 thousand to 75.9 million representing 52 percent of total population. Unemployment Rate in Russia averaged 7.77 percent from 1993 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 14.10 percent in February of 1999 and a record low of 4.80 percent in August of 2014. [7].

Figure 1. Rate of unemployment in Russia [6].

In times of economic turmoil in Russia due to the fear of worsening of social tensions employers prefer to lower wages instead of firing inefficient workers. In addition, the Russian labor market has resorted to a system of hidden unemployment, in which workers are transferred to a shortened working week, sent on unpaid sick leave, or have their hours and production rates reduced.

Workers, in turn, gladly accept this system, in view of the small amount of real alternatives - the risk of not finding a new job for a long time scares people even in large metropolitan areas. The state is also quite satisfied with such behavior of employers and employees, as this ensures that there will never be a large inflow of people seeking unemployment benefits, which could undermine the already weakened budget. [7].

Another disadvantage is that a large part of the workforce do not have a formal employment income, or a "shadow revenue" or preserved temporarily not functioning workplace for them. On the one hand, it allows employers to maintain or even increase the income of the worker, to soften the social consequences of the crisis official economy and to ensure the satisfaction of the needs of society, economy, for whatever reason, cannot satisfy. On the other hand, no human resources of the country are depleted as a whole, imbalances in the economy are intensified, tax collection is reduced, etc. [3].

To summarize, the Russian labor market was able to meet the challenges of the economic crisis using its own model, in which natural disadvantages were

converted into temporary advantages. Reduction of salaries, transfer of people to temporary employment, reduction of working time, the intensification of internal labor migration, transfer of people to remote employment - in essence, these processes are just temporary measures at best. Nevertheless, they do allow many workers to remain afloat, not losing their jobs and having at least some source of income during hard economic times. [6].

Thus, we can single out the following ways to solve the problem of unemployment in Russia:

- social support (Each state registered as an unemployed state guarantees financial support and assistance in finding a suitable job);

- creation of new conditions for professional growth;

- building the system of courses of retraining.

References:

1. Беседина Е.А. Метод проектов на уроках английского языка в системе «школа-вуз» (на примере специальности 270300 «Прикладная информатика»). Сб.тр. «Непрерывное профессиональное образование: теория и практика». Новосибирск. 2014. С.385-387.

2. DrobyshevskyS.Jdrisov G., Kazakova M. Analysts at the Higher School of Economics/ (HSE) and RANEPA, 2016 UPL: http://www.ranepa.ru/images/docs/monitoring/2016_9-27_may.pdf

3. DokuchaevD.A.The curious case of the Russian labor market, 2017

4. Kobeleva E. P. Development of professional and linguistic competence of future economists at transport university: organization and the content of the process // The world of science, culture and education. - 2011. - № 3. - P. 103106

5. The Federal Service of State Statistics of the Russian Federation. UPL: http://www.gks.ru.

6. Socio-economic situation in Russia in 2016FSGS. - Moscow, 2016) [in Russian], 2017

7. Russia Unemployment Rate, 2017. UPL: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/russia/unemployment-rate

"Экономика и социум" №4(35) 2017

www.iupr.ru

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