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KOMBINATSIYALASHGAN FRONTAL PLUGNING FAOL ISH ORGANI PICHOQLARINING KINEMATIKASI ASOSLASH
Umidjon Anvar Sherzodkhuja Abbos Musurmon Davlat Uakan
o'g'li Hamzayev Shoxruxovich o'g'li Tursunovich o'g'li Diniqulov
Mirzahodjayev
Toshkent davlat agrar universiteti
ANNOTATSIYA
Maqola kombinatsiyalashgan frontal plug faol ishchi organlarning nazariy va faol ish organi pichoqlarining kinematikasi foydalanib tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi keltirilgan.
Kalit so'zlari. Aktiv ishchi organ, faol ishchi organ diametri, pichoqlar soni, pichoqning ishlov berish chuqurligi, faol ishchi organi kinematik ish rejimi, shudgorlash sifati, tekis shudgorlash.
BASIS OF KINEMATICS OF THE ACTIVE WORKING KNIFES OF THE
COMBINED FRONTAL PLUG
ABSTRACT
The article presents the structure and principle of operation of the combined frontal plug active working bodies using the kinematics of the theoretical and active working body blades.
Keywords. Active working body, active working body diameter, number of blades, blade processing depth, active working body kinematic operating mode, plowing quality, flat plowing.
KIRISH
Jahonda yerlarni shudgorlashning resurstejamkor texnologiyalari va ularni amalga oshiradigan texnika vositalarining yangi ilmiy-texnikaviy asoslarini ishlab chiqishga yo'naltirilgan ilmiy-tadqiqot ishlari olib borilmoqda. Ushbu yo'nalishda, jumladan, egat hosil qilmasdan tekis shudgorlaydigan kombinatsiyalashgan plug ishlab chiqish va u ishchi qismlarining texnologik ish jarayonlarini asoslash, ularni tuproq bilan o'zaro ta'sirlashish jarayonida energiyatejamkorlikni ta'minlash bo'yicha maqsadli ilmiy izlanishlarni olib borish muhim vazifalardan biri hisoblanadi. Shu jihatdan faol va passiv ishchi qismlardan iborat yuqori manyovrli, osma kombinatsiyalashgan frontal plugni ishlab chiqish zarur hisoblanadi [1-30].
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ASOSIY QISM
Faol ish organning ish jarayonida pichoqning tig'i murakkab harakatda bo'ladi: plug tezligida ilgarilanma Vn va m burchak tezligi bilan aylanma. Faol ish organlarning kinematikasi bir qator olimlar tomonidan atroflicha o'rganib chiqilgan [1, 3; 4]. Ulardan foydalanilgan holda kombinatsiyalashgan frontal plug faol ish organi kinematikasini ko'rib chiqamiz.
Faol ish organ pichog'i tig'ining istalgan nuqtasi harakati tenglamasi parametrik shaklda quyidagi ko'rinishda bo'ladi [1, 3; 4]
Xi = Vnt + R cosat
y = R sin at ' (1)
(1) ifodaga asosan pichoq tig'i nuqtalarining harakat traektoriyasi sikloida ko'rinishida bo'ladi. Ma'lumki, sikloidaning geometrik shakli kinematik rejim ko'rsatkichi A = VOI /Vn, ga bog'liq, bunda V0i - pichoq i nuqtasining aylanma tezligi [1].
at = m, V0i = aR va Voi / Vn = A almashtirishdan so'ng tenglama (1) qo'yidagi ko'rinishda bo'ladi [1]
x = R(m/A + cos®) ï
i • i (2) y = Ri sinm
Ma'lumki [1, 3; 4], agar À <1 bo'lsa pichoq nuqtasining traektoriyasi qisqa sikloida shaklida bo'ladi, ya'ni sirtmoqsiz, agar À >1 bo'lsa sikloida uzayadi (1-rasm). Qaysiki A = aR / Vn, ekanligidan flanesdagi pichoq nuqtasi sikloidasi, uchdagi sikloida nuqtasidan qisqaroq bo'ladi. Tuproq bilan aloqada bo'ladigan pichoqning har qanday nuqtasi uchun À > 1 bo'lishi lozim, aks holda pichoqlar tuproqqa tig'i bilan emas, orqa tomoni bilan ta'sir ko'rsatadi. Bundan kelib chiqib pichoqning flanesga berkitilgan nuqtasi uchun [2]
» = ra
A* = V ■ (3)
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0 2 0, Vn f(0i \ —*— _ y ,
B A \ \<P\LJX
y (Pi V Y n
N •as 1 N / y 2 / s 0 (SM yl 0
—- X i 7T [ _ S D ( " F xG
1-rasm. O'rkach hg ning balandligini aniqlashga oid sxema
(3) dan ruxsat etiladigan minimal burchak tezligi
>
n
' min ■ (4)
T*
O'rkachlar balandligi hg ikkita qo'shni sikloidalar kesishish nuqtasi M ning ordinatasiga teng (1-rasm) [1]:
K = R(1 - sin^ )■ (5)
Faol ish organning kinematik ish rejimini aniqlash uchun G.N.Sineokov va I.M.Panovlar tomonidan qo'yidagi formula taklif qilingan [1]
(— + -) - arcsin(1 ) k = 2 R
h
2— , (6)
R
bunda zb - faol ish organning tuproq bilan bir vaqtda o'zaro ta'sirlashishda bo'lgan pichoqlari soni.
(6) ifoda barabanning asosiy parametrlar (R, zb, X) ni o'rkachning egat tubida hosil bo'ladigan o'rkachlar balandligi hg bilan bog'laydi. 2-rasmda o'rkachlarning nisbiy balandligi hg/R ni pichoqlar soni zb va kinematik ish rejim ko'rsatkichi X ga bog'liq grafiklari keltirilgan. Grafiklardan ko'rinib turibdiki, X kamayishi bilan o'rkach balandligi ortadi [1].
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2-rasm. O'rkachlar balandligining nisbiy kattaligi (hg/R) ning Л va zb ga bog'liqligi
Pichoqlar soni va faol ish organ radiusining ma'lum qiymatlarida ruxsat etilgan o'rkach balandligida (6) formuladan minimal kinematik rejim A ni aniqlash mumkin.
Faol ish organning radiusi R = 0,28 m, faol ish organning tuproq bilan bir vaqtda o'zaro ta'sirlashishda bo'lgan pichoqlari soni zb = 5, faol ish organning ishlov berish chuqurligi ayu = 12,5 sm bo'lganda hg = 0,2^^« qabul qilib, (bunda hg = 2,5 sm yoki hg/R = 0,09) 2-rasmdan kinematik ish rejimi A = 2,3 ekanligini aniqlaymiz.
XULOSA
O'tkazilgan nazariy tadqiqotlar natijalari bo'yicha kam energiya sarflagan holda o'simlik qoldiqlarini sifatli kesish va tuproqni sifatli uvalanishini ta'minlash uchun faol ish organning diametri 562-592 mm, pichog'ining radialga nisbatan qiyalik burchagi 300, kinematik ish rejim esa 2,1 dan katta bo'lishi lozim.
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