CC BY
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Yudina O. V. undergraduate student Gogoleva M.A. associate professor
The Institute of Service and Business (branch) of Don State Technical
University in Shachty
JUVENILE SUICIDE
Annotation.
The article provides information on the prevalence and factors of suicidal behaviour of teenagers (up to 18 years) based on statistics taken over the last 5 years. The role of the Internet and the media, provoking and protective factors are considered. It is shown that the suicide of teenagers is the final link in a complex process resulting from many biological, psychiatric, psychological, social, and cultural factors. Knowledge of their role in the dynamics of the suicidal process gives the possibility of a differentiated approach to suicide prevention for children and adolescents.
Key words: commit suicide, suicidal behavior, reasons, statistics, juvenile suicide.
Every 40 seconds, someone from the inhabitants of the Earth deliberately commits a suicide. According to the statistics among the causes of death of young people (aged 15-29 years) worldwide suicide took the second place [1]. Among the causes of suicide are the following:
- problems in a personal life:
- family conflict, divorce;
- unfortunate love;
- death or loss of a loved one, illness of a close person;
- loneliness, lack of care and attention from others;
- chronic or prolonged stressful situations in the sphere of interpersonal, often intra-familial relationships;
- failure at work, in education;
- monetary loss;
- bad social experience (for example, loss of a social group, job loss, career crash), social isolation;
According to the staff of the Suicidality Institute of Psychiatry Health the problem of suicide is very acute today. In Moscow suicide came out on top among violent deaths, overtaking the number of victims of traffic accidents and fatalities during the Chechen campaign. Of course, every case is individual, but, as noted by psychiatrists, almost always in the "history" the role of Internet in this or another way is traced [2].
There are very interesting facts regarding the age of suicide bombers. It turns out that overwhelming, a disproportionate share of such cases are teenagers or young men and women in a transitional age. The dry language of medicine calls it by a special term-"adolescence suicide", meaning "a suicide committed in the time of sexual maturity.
What is happening to teenagers, why haven't lived half of their life, they are so eager to say goodbye to it? Over the last 5 years, the number of young bombers has been increasingly growing. Fortunately, not all teenagers manage to commit suicide: in 2010 81 people from 12 to 17 tried to get away from their lives.
Ways of committing suicide are known to children from birth, they are actively promoted by television, computer games and films. Most often children choose opportunities to withdraw from life without pain: just fall asleep from medicines and not wake up (43 teenagers in 2010 year). Others are attracted by bloody romance: 29 cases of cutting wounds. Someone chooses a reliable loop - 6 children, others prefer to flight from the height - 3 people. Girls commit suicide more often than boys (74.1%), but in reality the number of girls and boys leaving this world is equal, but boys often accomplish their intention, choosing more reliable means of doing it. The geography of suicide is very distinctive: children leaving in large cities commit suicide more often.
Among the children-suicides there are some who tried to manipulate their parents '. Adult people did not have time to prevent children from doing this act. The problem is not to have time to save, but to get the children of such suicidal thoughts. On the one hand, we get into the habit since childhood that the disease is not only a serious physical condition of the body, but also much more considerate treatment. Small children who do not get enough attention from their parents are ill quite often, and it helps them to attract Mum's or Dad's love.
Formed in childhood stereotype "disease is the attention and love", then finds its reflection in adulthood. When a teenager needs attention, and parents are busy with work and household chores, he uses familiar ways to attract surrounding to the disease. And what is the most terrible disease? Of course, death. Among the reasons for suicide, but more often its attempts, is the widespread romantic death. Beautiful movies where blood is tenderness are watched by teenagers. The youth movement tries to prove the beauty of death and starts visiting cemeteries, appropriate music, sublime anguish that eventually leads to a desire to stand out in their group. And how to become the best? Go to maximum! With the promotion of suffering and death, suicide is a beautiful exit from life.
Unfortunately, many teens do not realize that death cannot priory be beautiful. Beautiful blood flowing from the veins is shown in the movies, but puffed from water corpse is never shown; a beautiful flight from high buildings is focused rather than the way nurses clean the road from the corpse; beautiful tragic loop but not purple face and body in the feces is demonstrated. And death is not beautiful, it is really awful, but only a few people know it.
In most cases, juveniles are ready for this horrible act as a suicide due to relationships with parents, social causes, and personal emotional nature. In 2012 year, Russia ranked the first in Europe in terms of the number of child and teenager suicides. Children from wealthy families jump from roofs and cut the veins because of low scores for the exam, lost pocket money, critics from teachers. Lately, the number of adolescents who voluntarily passes away has increased by 37%. Annually about 2800 children and teenagers from 5 to 19 years kill themselves; for 100 thousand children and adolescents there are 22.5 cases of
suicide, which exceeds the global average three times [3].
Obviously, suicidal intentions are at least available for students of pedagogical supervision and intervention of psychological sphere of life of adolescents. It is possible to solve this problem only through a complex of social, psychological, pedagogical and medical measures. To do this, there are so-called "helplines", 24 hours a day in some major cities. Cooperative centers of psychological first aid for young people are established.
The meaning of the pedagogical strategy is, first and foremost, to instill in children from an early age the idea how valuable human life is, caring for its protection, about the ability to see in their own lives, "gift of God". Here it is an appropriate cooperation and with the Church, a reference to religious teachings, sharply condemning the voluntary care of human life. According to Christian religion suicide is considered to be a terrible sin, people who commit suicides are unworthy even of being buried in the General Cemetery with all rites.
Thus, the situation of suicide among children and juveniles is extremely poor and requires the adoption of urgent measures to improve it. To do this it is necessary to create an up-to-date system for the prevention of suicidal behavior in children and adolescents. The solution of this responsible and difficult problem is impossible without joining efforts of the state, social organizations, educational and law enforcement systems, health and social protection.
References:
1. Newsletter No. 398//first world health organization on prevention of suicide / [electronic resource]/URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/ru/
2. Wojciech V.F., Center of socio-psychological and informational support to mental health and family»//What do we know about suicide/ [electronic resource]/URL: http://www.psychiatry.ru/stat/170
3. Newspaper.ru//Consumer rights: Russia occupies 1 place in Europe in terms of the number of child and teenage suicides/ [electronic resource]/URL: http://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2013/03/11/n_2792477.shtml
Абдрафиков Д.И. студент 3-го курса Ханнанова Т.Р., к.ю.н. научный руководитель, профессор Башкирский государственный аграрный университет
Россия, г. Уфа
МОЛОДЕЖНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БАШКОРТОСТАН
Аннотация: В статье рассматривается развитие нормативно-правовой основы взаимодействия органов государственной власти и молодежных общественных объединений. В статье обозначены основные тенденции государственной молодежной политики в сфере регулирования молодежного движения Республики Башкортостан.
Ключевые слова: Государственная молодежная политика, молодежные общественные объединения, нормативно-правовая основа, Государственный комитет по делам молодежи, Молодежная общественная
"Экономика и социум" №2(21) 2016
www.iupr.ru
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