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11Ivan - tea ( Latin : Chamaenerion angustifolium or Epilobium angustifolium)
Eliseeva Tatyana, editor-in-chief of the project EdaPlus.info
Tkacheva Natalia, phytotherapist, nutritionist
Email: eliseeva.t@edaplus.info, tkacheva.n@edaplus.info
Abstract. The article discusses the main properties of Ivan-tea and its effect on the human body. A systematic review of modern specialized literature and relevant scientific data was carried out. The chemical composition and nutritional value of the plant are indicated, the use of Ivan-tea in various types of medicine and the effectiveness of its use in various diseases are considered. The potentially adverse effects of willow-herb on the human body under certain medical conditions and diseases are analyzed separately. The scientific foundations of diets with its use are considered.
Keywords: fireweed, fireweed, beneficial properties, potentially dangerous effects, side effects, beneficial properties, contraindications, diets
Beneficial features
Chemical composition and presence of nutrients
100 g of raw willow-tea leaves contain:
Water - 70.78 g
Carbohydrates - 19.22 g
Proteins - 4.71 g
Fats - 2.75 g
Dietary fiber - 10.6 g
Kcal - 103
Minerals:
Potassium - 494 mg Calcium - 429 mg Magnesium - 156 mg Phosphorus - 108 mg Sodium - 34 mg Zinc - 2.66 mg
Iron - 2.4 mg Vitamins:
Niacin - 4.674 mg Vitamin C - 2.2 mg Vitamin B6 - 0.632 mg Vitamin A - 0.18 mg Riboflavin - 0.137 mg Folate - 0.112 mg Thiamine - 0.033 mg [4]
What exactly is used and in what form
An infusion or decoction based on the leaves and herbs of Ivan-tea is prescribed for both internal and external use - in the form of rinses, lotions. The infusion is also used for therapeutic washes, compresses, and when treating wounds. A decoction of willow-tea flowers is also used both internally and externally.
Medicinal properties
According to the chemical composition, Ivan-tea leaves contain: carbohydrates, mucus, pectin, triterpenoids, oleanolic, ursolic, hydroxyursolic and hydroxyleanic acids; caffeic, coumaric, ellagic and phenylcarboxylic acids; flavonoids: sexangularetin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricitin; rhamnoside glucoside and quercetin arabinoside; rhamnoside kaempferol; tannins, alkaloids, ascorbic acid and carotene. The constituents of Ivan tea leaves are also mineral salts: iron, copper, manganese, nickel, titanium, molybdenum and boron. Fireweed flowers contain anthocyanins, roots - proteins, salts of phosphorus, calcium and cobalt. The seeds contain fatty oils. The composition of the roots of willow-tea includes organic acids, polysaccharides, starch.
A significant amount of tannins and mucous substances explains the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Ivan tea. The plant is used for catarrh of the stomach with high acidity, for lung diseases; for rinsing with sore throat, inflamed gums; with otitis media, inflammation of the middle and outer ear canal; with nosebleeds and sinusitis. Water decoction treats eczema, burns, skin rashes. Ivan tea is effective for migraine, insomnia and oligomenorrhea.
The substance chanerol, contained in fireweed inflorescences, actively affects tumors, and, having low toxicity, inhibits their growth [2,5] .
In official medicine
Among the pharmaceutical products that contain Ivan-tea are herbal raw materials, produced under the name " Narrow-leaved Fireweed Grass ". Herbal raw materials of willow-tea are crushed and prescribed to provide a calming, antispasmodic, antipyretic, anticonvulsant effect. A contraindication to the use of fireweed herb is the state of pregnancy and intolerance to the components of the plant and the associated possible allergic reaction.
In folk medicine
For stomach ulcers, colitis and gastritis, a decoction of willow-tea is used: 15 g of herbal raw materials per glass of boiling water. Drink a tablespoon 3 times a day before meals [2] .
• With prostatitis in a glass of boiling water, brew a tablespoon of chopped dry herbs of Ivan-tea. Let it brew, strain and take two tablespoons three times a day before meals.
• For inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, steam 3 tablespoons of chopped herbs in 200 ml of boiling water. Cook a decoction in a water bath for a quarter of an hour, let it brew and cool, strain. Assign two tablespoons three times a day before meals.
• With prostate adenoma, a decoction of 1.5 tablespoons of dried leaves and flowers of fireweed per 200 ml of boiling water is recommended. Take 1 glass in the morning and at night.
• For headaches, pour 3 tablespoons of dry herbal raw materials with a glass of boiling water. Cook in a water bath for a quarter of an hour. Drink 2 tablespoons three times a day.
• For chronic fatigue syndrome, pour 2 tablespoons of Ivan-tea herb into 400 ml of boiling water, bring to a boil over low heat. Take a third cup three times a day before meals.
• To improve bowel function, pour 2 tablespoons of crushed willow-tea roots into 400 ml of boiling water. Let it brew for 3 hours. Take on an empty stomach in the morning 3 tablespoons of decoction.
• For anemia, steam a tablespoon of fireweed herb in 200 ml of boiling water. Insist for 2 hours. Take three times a day for a tablespoon [6] .
• In combination with anti-cancer therapy, the following collection is advised: fireweed flowers, St. John's wort with flowers, plantain leaves, white acacia flowers (in proportions 2:2:2:1). Brew a teaspoon of the mixture with 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, strain and take a glass a day.
• For insomnia, pour a tablespoon of crushed willow-tea roots with a glass of boiling water, leave for an hour, strain. Drink a tablespoon three times a day before meals.
• For hypertension, the famous fireweed honey is recommended, which normalizes blood pressure and is also useful for insomnia.
• With sinusitis, brew two tablespoons of willow-herb in 0.5 liters of boiling water, bring to a boil and leave for half an hour. Drink a third cup three times a day half an hour before meals.
• For pneumonia, brew 15 g of willow-herb in 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 60 minutes. Drink a third cup three times a day 20 minutes before meals.
• For migraines, take herbal raw materials of Ivan-tea and clover in proportions of 1: 1. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with 200 ml of boiling water, let it brew for half an hour, strain. Take as regular tea up to two glasses a day.
• In case of menstrual irregularities, tea is recommended: a tablespoon of grass and flowers of willow-tea and linden flowers are brewed in a glass of boiling water. Strained infusion take a cup three times a day.
• With adnexitis, a tablespoon of a mixture of dry leaves of Ivan-tea and fern is poured into 200 ml of boiling water, cooked for 10 minutes in a water bath. Drink a quarter cup three times a day before meals.
• With climacteric neurosis, tea from the leaves of willow-herb and blackberry is useful. A teaspoon of chopped dry leaves of fireweed and blackberry is brewed in 200 ml of boiling water, insisted and drunk in a cup three times a day [7] .
Externally:
• For bedsores, steam 2 tablespoons of chopped willow-tea leaves in a glass of boiling water. Cook the broth over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Let it brew, strain. Use as a fluid for washing pressure sores.
• For conjunctivitis, steam a tablespoon of crushed leaves and flowers in 200 ml of boiling water. Cook the decoction over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Let it brew. In a filtered and cooled broth, moisten a cotton swab and wipe your eyes [6] .
• For psoriasis, neurodermatitis, eczema, a bath is prepared: 0.5 kg of dry willow-herb and oregano are steamed in a bucket of boiling water. Infuse for about an hour, strained infusion is added to a full bath. Take a bath for a quarter of an hour [7] .
• To prepare a decoction for lotions, washes, compresses, herbal raw materials are taken 2-3 tablespoons per 0.5 liter of water [5] .
in oriental medicine
Tibetan doctors advise Ivan tea for insomnia, headache attacks and attribute to it the properties of a drug that suppresses the activity of cancer cells.
Fireweed grass is recommended by Mongolian doctors in the treatment of intestinal disorders, with gastric ulcers. Ivan-tea is used as a means of stopping vomiting and eliminating the symptoms of food poisoning.
In scientific research
The study of fireweed angustifolia remains relevant for scientists, since the medical potential of this plant has not been fully disclosed.
The content of tannins in fireweed leaves was studied by B.R. Brown, P. I. Brown, W. T. Pike. [eight]
Frolova T.S., Salnikova O.I., Dudareva T.A., Kukina T.P., Sinitsina O.I. studied the excretion of ursolic acid by fireweed angustifolia and gave an assessment of the acid using microbiological tests. Frolova T.S., Salnikova O.I., Kukina T.P. also analyzed the system of lipophilic acids secreted by fireweed angustifolia. [9]
The scientific work of Zorin D.P. is devoted to measures to combat insect pests that threaten the
culture of willow-tea [10]
The subject of scientific interest of K. O. Tamm is the reaction of fireweed angustifolia to various sources of nitrogen in aquatic culture. [eleven]
Weight regulation
Fireweed accelerates lipid metabolism, normalizes digestive functions and cholesterol levels, frees the body from "excess" water, has a mild laxative effect, and moderates appetite.
In cooking
Young leaves and shoots of fireweed have taken their niche in the culinary field, they are used like ordinary asparagus. The leaves are delicious in vegetable dishes, as part of salads. Ivan tea root is also edible, it is peeled and roasted. But the root part of the plant, collected before the period of opening the flowers, is suitable for food, otherwise the root gives off bitterness. Fireweed grass is eaten both raw and stewed.
Syrup with Ivan-tea. To prepare such a syrup you will need: 40 pink clover flowers, 30 white clover flowers, 50 fireweed (willow-herb) flowers, half a teaspoon of alum, 2.3 kg of sugar, 3 cups of water. Rinse the flowers thoroughly and mix them with sugar and alum in a deep bowl. Add boiled water and
mix well. Let it brew for 15 minutes and then bring to a boil. Squeeze out the flower-syrup mass, pour the resulting syrup into washed jars and sterilize in a hot water bath for at least 10 minutes. [12]
Salad with Ivan-tea. To prepare the salad, you will need: about 150 g of shoots and leaves of Ivan-tea, green onions, dill and parsley, a tablespoon of vegetable oil (or low-fat sour cream), salt. Leaves and shoots of willow-herb wash, dry, finely chop, mix with chopped green onions, dill and parsley. Season with vegetable or sour cream and add salt to taste [7] .
In cosmetology
For cosmetic procedures, alcohol tincture of Ivan-tea is used. Before applying the mask to the face or hair, it is necessary to test for the possible occurrence of an allergic reaction to fireweed tincture.
Strengthening hair masks
• Mask with Ivan-tea for hair based on oils and egg yolk. To prepare the mask, combine two tablespoons of burdock oil, one yolk and five drops of pine essential oil. Heat the combined ingredients over low heat, pour 10 ml of fireweed tincture into the mixture, stir and apply to the hair along the entire length. Wrap your head with polyethylene or a towel. After an hour, wash off the mask and wash your hair.
• Mask with Ivan-tea for hair based on oils and birch sap. Castor oil, burdock oil and birch sap (taken in proportions 1:1:2, picking up with a teaspoon) are combined with 10 ml of fireweed tincture. Massaging, rub the mask into the scalp and apply to the hair from roots to ends. Wrap your head. Wash off the mask after 60 minutes.
• Mask with Ivan-tea for hair lemon-carrot. Grind one carrot and lemon in a blender or pass through a meat grinder and add 10 ml of fireweed tincture. Apply the mass to the hair, wrapping the head. Wash off the mask after an hour or an hour and a half.
• Orange mask with Ivan-tea for hair. Grind the orange in a blender, pour 10 ml of Ivan-tea tincture into the resulting mass. Apply the mask on the hair and wash off after half an hour.
• For better hair growth, an almond milk mask with Ivan tea is recommended. Grind 0.5 cups of almonds and add 10 ml of fireweed tincture and milk to it. Knead until you get a creamy consistency. Apply the mask to wet hair and wash off after 1.5 or 2 hours.
• To give the hair more volume, use an egg-beer mask with Ivan tea. To prepare the mask, mix 10 ml of Ivan-tea tincture, 0.5 cups of beer, 1 egg and a small amount of champagne. Apply the mask to washed and damp hair and rinse with acidified water after 20 minutes.
• To achieve softer hair, you can use the following mask: mix Ivan tea tincture (10 ml) with 90 ml of cooled boiling water, cologne and lemon juice (15 ml each) and 5 ml of glycerin. The mixture is rubbed into the base of the hair, massaging. Wash off the mask after a couple of minutes.
For all types of hair, the following masks can be recommended:
• Oatmeal mask with Ivan tea . Grind 0.5 cups of oatmeal into flour, combine with 3 tablespoons of honey, a couple of drops of lemon juice, one tablespoon of cucumber juice and willow-herb tincture (10 ml). Wash off the mask from your hair after half an hour.
• Honey mask with Ivan tea . Mix 2 tablespoons of honey and onion juice, a spoonful of cognac, a teaspoon of lemon juice and 10 ml of fireweed tincture. After applying the mask, carefully wrap your head. Wash off after an hour.
• Kefir mask with Ivan-tea with yeast . Dilute willow-herb tincture (10 ml) and 5 tablespoons of brewer's yeast with fat-free kefir until a paste is obtained. Apply the mask on the hair, wrap the head, wash off after 1-1.5 hours [13] .
Facial masks with willow tea (for all skin types)
• Mask with Ivan-tea based on apricot . Wash 2-3 apricots, discard the pit, puree and mix with fireweed tincture (10 ml) and a tablespoon of lemon juice. Keep the mask for about 20 minutes and rinse with warm water.
• Watermelon and Ivan tea face mask . Mix 100 mg of watermelon puree with 10 ml of Ivan-tea tincture, add one tablespoon of cream and oatmeal and one teaspoon of honey. Wash off the mask after 15-20 minutes with cool water.
• Grape mask with Ivan tea . Mash a few grapes separately from the seeds and peel. Add a teaspoon of oatmeal and tincture of willow-tea (10 ml) to the grapes. Wash off with warm water after 20 minutes [6] .
Other uses
The Eskimos use the processed and tough fireweed stalks to make fishing nets.
The fluff that the plant forms during flowering is used when stuffing pillows and mattresses.
Ivan-tea reduces cravings for alcoholic beverages, so it is advisable to use it in the complex treatment of alcohol dependence.
Fireweed is a highly productive honey plant. Honey from it is greenish in color, and after crystallization is completed, it becomes white.
Dangerous properties of Ivan tea and contraindications
With prolonged and continuous use of Ivan-tea, disruptions in the functioning of the digestive tract are possible. Age restrictions on the use of fireweed products apply to children under the age of six years. Ivan-tea during pregnancy and lactation excludes self-medication and its use should be agreed with the doctor. Cases of individual intolerance are possible. Those suffering from thrombophlebitis and thrombosis should better refrain from treatment with Ivan tea [7] .
Botanical description
This is a herbaceous perennial plant of the Cyprus family (Onagrovye).
origin of name
In the language of botany, the grass is called " chamerion ", " fireweed " , and among the people it has received many names: Koporsky tea, plakun, skrypnik, downy, willow grass, Mother of God grass, hoof grass, fire grass . The name "ivan tea" is associated with the role of the plant in the history of trade, in an era when " Russian tea " made from fireweed herb was one of the most exported products from Russia to the countries of Albion and Europe. The traditional and popular Russian name "Ivan", with the light hand of foreign businessmen and suppliers, was firmly entrenched in the name of the then demanded drink, which became famous on the world market.
Kinds
Science knows 8 types of Ivan-tea. The most common ones are:
1. Ivan-tea (fireweed) narrow-leaved - has extensive medical use; a productive honey plant and a plant cultivated for decorative purposes; fireweed grass is used to make the famous Koporye tea. Grows in the temperate climate zone, in Siberia, in the coniferous forests of the European part of Russia;
2. Ivan-tea broadleaf is endemic to the North, found in the Arctic and subarctic parts of the Northern Hemisphere. One of the national symbols of Greenland;
3. Colchis Ivan-tea (Caucasian) is a creeping shrub whose habitat is the Alps, the subalpine region, the mountain slopes of the Caucasus;
4. Ivan tea Dodonea - grows in the temperate and subarctic regions of North America, Asia and
Europe [1] .
Ivan-chai is a grass from 0.5 to 1.5 m high. The stems are straight, rounded, densely dotted with leaves. The rhizome is creeping and large. The leaf arrangement is alternate, the leaves are lanceolate, sessile, shiny, dark green above and bluish from the reverse, underside. The flowers are collected in elongated brushes, they come in different shades: from pale pink and fuchsia to rich purple, red. There is also fireweed with white flowers. The fruits are elongated capsules. The flowering period is the summer months. Ivan-tea grows in well-lit forest areas with dry and sandy soil, along crops and railway embankments, on the edges, on cut and scorched soils, on the territory of dried-up swamps [2] .
Growing conditions
Ivan tea cannot be called a pretentious plant in terms of cultivation and care. But the most suitable for it will be loamy, sandy and sandy soils and an open area, as much as possible illuminated by sunlight. The plant produces seeds in huge quantities, the area of \u200b\u200bdistribution of which is very extensive by the wind. The best way to plant fireweed during cultivation is reproduction by dividing the creeping rhizome.
Harvesting herb willow-tea begins at the flowering stage. Cut off the tops of the stems with flowers and leaves, or just the leaves. Dry the grass in a room with sufficient ventilation, spreading it in a thin layer on a fabric or paper base. The drying process should not be long, since changes in the temperature regime degrade the quality of raw materials that are not collected in time in special paper bags and the herbal collection partially loses its healing properties [3] .
Power circuit
Fireweed is often enriched in the composition of green fodder in the diet of pets.
Literature
1. Wikipedia, source
2. Medicinal plants: encyclopedic reference book / ed. A. M. Grodzinsky. - K.: Olimp, 1992. -544 p.: ill.
3. Mamchur F.I. Handbook of herbal medicine. - K .: Health, 1986. - 280 p.
4. Fireweed, leaves, raw, source
5. Nosal I. M. From plant to man. - K.: Veselka, 1993. - 606 p.
6. Zaitsev V. N. Ivan-tea. Protector from 100 diseases. - M.: RIPOL classic, 2013. - 6 p.
7. Konstantinov Y. Yarrow, fireweed. Natural medicines. - Centerpolygraph, 2014. - 160 p.
8. The leaf tannin of willow-herb [Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop.], source
9. Isolation of pomolic acid from Chamaenerion angustifolium and evaluation of its genotoxicity by microbiological tests, source
10. The main pests of Ivan-tea angustifolia and measures to combat them in the north of the European part of Russia, source
11. The Response of Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. To Different Nitrogen Sources in Water Culture
12. Fireweed Syrup Recipe, source
13. Blooming Sally. The best hair and scalp care product. Comp. A. Sokolova. - M.: RIPOL classic, 2014. - 64 p.
14. Fireweed - a treasured medicine of the boreal forest, source
An extended HTML version of the article is available on the edaplus website . info . Blooming Sally - useful properties, composition and contraindications
Eliseeva Tatyana , editor-in-chief of the project EdaPlus.info
Tkacheva Natalia, phytotherapist, nutritionist
E-mail: eliseeva.t@edaplus.info, tkacheva.n@edaplus.info
Received 09/18/17
Abstract. The article discusses the main properties of Ivan-tea and its effect on the human body. A systematic review of modern specialized literature and relevant scientific data was carried out. The chemical composition and nutritional value of the plant are indicated, the use of Ivan-tea in various types of medicine and the effectiveness of its use in various diseases are considered. The potentially adverse effects of willow-herb on the human body under certain medical conditions and diseases are analyzed separately. Considered scientific basics diets With his application.
