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15INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SPHERES" APRIL 27-28, 2023
IOT AND IOT'S TYPES WHICH ARE USED IN SATELLITE SYSTEMS
1D.Davronbekov, 2F.Abdualimov
1DSc, professor, TUIT 2graduate student of TUIT https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7858209
Abstract. Currently, there are plenty of devices and technologies that are used in satellite systems. One of them is IoT. IoT (Internet of Things) is a growing network of objects, devices and machines each able to communicate with the other using a wireless network to access the Internet. IoT devices have a flexible range of both wired and wireless connectivity options. IoT protocols mostly use ISM band frequencies of 4.33GHz, 915MHz, 2.4GHz to 5GHz.
Keywords: IoT, Industrial IoT, Commercial IoT, Consumer IoT, Internet of Military Things, Internet of Nano Things, Internet of Battlefield Things.
The Internet of things or IoT is a system of connected devices, computers and digital machines with unique identifiers that transfer data over a network. Smartphones, laptops, wearables, sensors, they are all part of the Internet of Things as long as they are connected and sharing data. Beyond that, IoT also includes a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a chip transponder, or a car alerting a driver to low tire pressure. In a business sense, IoT supports smarter working with more control. Across industries, IoT enables process automation, analysis and insight, labor production, and performance monitoring. For example, airlines use Iot sensors for real-time data reporting on airplane engine status and equipment conditions. Some parks even use IoT to track visitor movement for insight into popular attractions and traffic flow. This can help the park better address bottlenecks long lines and even waste management. Businesses are increasingly adopting IoT to improve efficiency, customer service and decision making. But all these connected devices are not without potential issues. As the number of connected devices and shared information increases, so do security and privacy concerns. Also, any bugs in a single device can potentially affect an entire IoT system. In addition and this is true especially for an enterprise- these connected devices produce a ton of data, which can be difficult to connect and manage, let alone glean business insight from. Finally, competing IoT standarts can create headaches in terms of getting different devices from different manufactures to communicate with one another. Still companies will have to address these challenges because the IoT market is booming and expert predict IoT adoption and spending will grow exponentially over the next few
years [4, 6].
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SPHERES" APRIL 27-28, 2023
Figure 1. Some objects that can be used by IoT technology
To date, IoT technology can be effectively used in every field, so the demand for it is expanding in every aspect. Therefore, IoT is divided into several types depending on the field of use, which are:
Industrial Internet Of Things
The IloT represents industry-oriented applications where:
- Devices are gadgets functioning in industrial, transportation, energy, or medical environment.
- Data quantity and rates tend to vary from sustained to relatively high.
- Applications are safety-critical, for example, the misbehaving of a smart traffic system can threaten drivers.
- IIoT applications tend to be system-centric.
For IIoT, the scope can be within an organization (smart factory) or between organizations (retailer supply chain). This is definitely the most established and mature part of IoT. The IIoT will help a business to achieve:
1. Efficiency
2. Harness intelligence from a wide range of equipment
3. Improve operations (productivity)
4. Increase customer satisfaction
Industrial IoT (IIoT), is perhaps the most dynamic wing of the IoT industry. Its focus is on augmenting existing industrial systems, making them both more productive and more efficient. IIoT deployments are typically found in large-scale factories and manufacturing plants and are often associated with industries like healthcare, agriculture, automotive, and logistics. The Industrial Internet is perhaps the most well-known example of IIoT [1, 2].
Consumer Internet Of Things (CIoT)
The CIoT is a category of consumer-oriented applications where:
- Gadgets are consumer devices, for example, mobile, refrigerator, glasses, etc.
- Data quantity and rates are comparatively low.
- Applications are not very critical, for example, failure of fitness gadgets will not harm
you.
- CIoT applications are consumer-centric.
Consumer IoT (CIoT) refers to the use of IoT for consumer applications and devices. Common CIoT products include smartphones, wearables, smart assistants, home appliances, etc. Typically, CIoT solutions leverage Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee to facilitate connectivity. These technologies offer short-range communication suitable for deployments in smaller venues, such as homes and offices.
For CIoT, the scope can be a single individual, family, small group, or community. The CIoT will help make life easier for consumers by improving:
1. Quality
2. Comfort
3. Security
4. Convenience
5. Efficiency
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SPHERES" APRIL 27-28, 2023
Commercial Internet of Things
While Consumer IoT tends to focus on augmenting personal and home environments, Commercial IoT goes a bit further, delivering the benefits of IoT to larger venues. For instance: commercial office buildings, supermarkets, stores, hotels, healthcare facilities, and entertainment venues.
There are plenty of use facts for commercial IoT, including monitoring environmental conditions, managing access to corporate facilities, and economizing utilities and consumption in hotels and other large venues. Many Commercial IoT solutions are geared towards improving customer experiences and business conditions.
Internet of Military Things (IoMT)
The last type of IoT is the Internet of Military Things (IoMT), often referred to as Battlefield IoT, the Internet of Battlefield Things, or simply IoBT. IoMT is precisely what it sounds like - the use of IoT in military settings and battlefield situations. It is chiefly aimed at increasing situational awareness, bolstering risk assessment, and improving response times. Common IoMT applications include connecting ships, planes, tanks, soldiers, drones, and even Forward Operating Bases via an interconnected system. In addition, IoMT produces data that can be leveraged to improve military practices, systems, equipment, and strategy[7].
Internet of Nano Things (IoNT)
While today's digital world is developing rapidly every hour, devices and technologies in every field are making people's burdens easier, but it is also causing them to become lazy. People, who have always sought convenience in communicating with technology, decided to reduce the size of devices in order to make them more convenient. This, in turn, led to a thousand-fold reduction in the size of devices. This perspective has led to the emergence of nanotechnology and the concept of nano-IoT [3].
Incorporating all or some of these nanodevices into the existing IoT concept is considered to give rise to the Internet of Nano-Things. Although commonly described as just a nanoscale version of the IoT, the implications of the IoNT go far beyond what is suggested by the simple differentiation. The advantages of nanodevices, whether it is the enhanced sensitivity of nanosensors or the increased energy density of nanobatteries, allow a new level of sophistication to the IoT paradigm and facilitate its applicability in ever-increasing applications. With billions of sensors collecting unprecedented amounts of confidential data, privacy and security concerns are critical barriers to widespread uptake [5]. Suitable levels of encryption, cyber security protocols, and authentication are all required before the necessary confidence in the IoT and IoNT can be achieved. Such a huge number of sensors also raises power supply concerns, especially considering the reliance of current battery technology on lithium [8, 9].
The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete control over their lives by modern technologies. In addition to offering smart devices to automate homes, IoT is essential to business. IoT provides businesses with a real-time look into how their systems really work, delivering insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply chain and logistics operations. IoT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down on waste and improves service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and deliver goods, as well as offering transparency into customer transactions. Like this, IoT is
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SPHERES" APRIL 27-28, 2023
one of the most important technologies of everyday life, and it will continue to pick up steam as more businesses realize the potential of connected devices to keep them competitive.
Table 1.
Analysis of IoT types by characteristics
Naming Advantage Scope of work Purposes of use
Industrial Internet Of Things Efficiency; Harness intelligence from a wide range of equipment; Improve operations (productivity); Increase customer satisfaction Within an organization (smart factory) or between organizations (retailer supply chain) Augmenting existing industrial systems, making them both more productive and more efficient.
Consumer Internet Of Things Quality; Comfort; Security; Convenience; Efficiency Single individual, family, small group, or community Convenience for individual customers
Commercial Internet of Things Delivering the benefits of IoT to larger venues Including monitoring environmental conditions, managing access to corporate facilities, and economizing utilities and consumption in hotels and other large venues Geared towards improving customer experiences and business conditions
Internet of Military Things Providing privacy in battlefield situations Connecting ships, planes, tanks, soldiers, drones, and even Forward Operating Bases via an interconnected system Increasing situational awareness, bolstering risk assessment, and improving response times
Internet of Nano Things Allow a new level of sophistication to the IoT paradigm and facilitate its applicability in ever-increasing applications. In all fields where convenience and economy are required Getting more compactness and efficiency while reducing energy consumption
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INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SPHERES" APRIL 27-28, 2023
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