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2120. Shamsiyev A., Davlatov S. A differentiated approach to the treatment of patients with acute cholangitis //International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2017. C 80-83.
IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS AND CONDITIONS ARE ONE
OF THE MAIN ISSUES THE WORLD OF MEDICINE IS FACING
12 3
Toshpulatova N. , Togaeva G. , Narbaev A.
1Toshpulatova Nigina - Student;
2Togaeva Gulnora - Assistant;
3Narbaev Abduhamid - Candidate of medical sciences, Assistant, DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE WITH ENDOCRINOLOGY, SAMARKAND STATE MEDICAL INSTITUTE, SAMARKAND, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: we analyzed, the problem, of iodine deficiency by the example of the school of Samarkand region, distribution of frequency of endemic goiter depending on sex and age and revealed, negative influence of it on the parameters of children's physical growth and. development.
Keywords: iodine-deficiency diseases, endemic goiter, physical growth and development.
Introduction. It is known that trace elements, in particular iodine elements, are elements of high biological activity, which includes the entire metabolism in the body. Iodine is directly involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, while thyroid hormones are involved in the formation of the nervous system and intelligence, the development of major organs and the development of the cardiovascular system and the metabolism in the body.
Allergic diseases, in particular an endemic goiter, remain to be one of the problems of public health and social systems in several countries of the world. In most regions of Uzbekistan, iodine defect has been observed for a long time. This disorder can be observed among children living in rural areas, especially among the children, with increased size of thyroid gland, as well as with physical, mental and sexual development of children [4, 5]. The appearance of endemic injuries in children is the main cause of chronic diseases and development of thyroid diseases. The peak of development of thyroid diseases falls in puberty. Conducting modern medical examinations and comprehensive preventive interventions in adolescents is of paramount importance in reducing the development of bulge [7, 8].
The purpose of study: determination of physical conditions of schoolchildren of Samarkand region.
Control materials and methods. The influence of an endemic goiter on physical development of children and adolescents in 255 pupils of secondary school No. 9 in Samarkand. Medical examination was carried out with diagnosis of antithesis and anthropometric parameters (height, height of the chest circumference), palpation and ultrasound, thyrotropic and thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies.
The following topics were transferred to the following groups: • children of primary school age (7-10 years old); - 74 children (boys - 49, girls - 25); • children of secondary school age (11-13 years old); - 87 children (boys - 52, girls - 35); • children of senior school age (14-17 years old); - 94 children (boys - 46, girls - 48).
Palpation was used to study size of thyroid gland and internal exostosis in children and adolescents with high or overweight body using the Ultrasound method. The results of this survey show that 52.9% of the children and adolescents surveyed make up one group of people with the above changes.
The size of thyroid gland was estimated by the calculated surface area (BJT recommendations, 2003). In all examined children and adolescents, the size of the thyroid gland was higher of the upper limit (97 per century), thus it was decided to call it goiter. In 135 of the 255 children under control, 135 with endemic goiter were identified. Among the school students surveyed, the goiter is 52.9%.
Thus, the endemic goiter in the 7-10 age group was 47.3%, healthy children - 52.7%. In the age group 11-13 years old, the endemic goiter makes up 59,8%, healthy children -40.2%. Among children aged 14 to 17 years old, endemic goiter make up 43.6%, and healthy children make up 56.4% (Table 1).
In 254 out of 254 students, weight loss was recorded (10% or more), and 37 students received overweight (12% or more): - without loss of body weight of 16 children; - in combination with overweight - in 12 children; - together with the lag in physical development - 4 children;
Table 1. The spread of endemic gooseberry for healthy children
Age Endemic goiter Healthy children
7-10 age 47,3% 52,7%
11-13 age 59,8% 40,2%
14-17 age 43,6% 56,4%
As shown in the table below (table 2), the distribution of endemic herds in boys of the same age group (7-10 years old) was 52.8%, and among girls - 43.4%. In the middle school age group (11-13 years old), the prevalence of endemic goiter in boys was 63.9%, and in girls - 53.6%. In the older age group, endemic goiter were 41.2% for boys and 56.1% for girls.
Table 2. Endemic goiter spread among schoolchildren of Samarkand
Indicators 7-10 age 11-13 age 14-17 age
Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls
Students with endemic goiter 26 11 33 19 19 27
Endemic goiter (%) 53,1% 44,0% 63,5% 54,3% 41,3% 56,3%
Thus, when analyzing the distribution of endemic goiter among schoolchildren of different ages, it was found that more children in the senior school age (age group 14-17) had endemic goiter in the younger age group. This may be due to the influence of physiological changes in adolescents on thyroid glands among girls. The results obtained correspond to the results of the series (1, 2, 6, 9).
Conclusion. 1. In infants with small and middle aged children, endemic goiter infection was more common in boys and high school aged children. 2. Children with endemic goiter tend to lag behind in physical development and lack of body weight.
Show. Children with endemic goiter in endemic regions with low body mass and retarded development should be under greater supervision than healthy children with higher body mass.
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