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41
UDC: 338
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32689/2617-2224-2019-4(19)-26-33
Bogdanenko Anatoliy Ivanovych,
Ph.D. in public administration, Doctor of Science in Economics, Associate Professor of Public Administration, Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 03039, Kyiv, Str. Frometivska, 2, phone: (044) 264-52-54, e-mail: Anatoliy_Bogdanenko@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0003-0758-5809 Богданенко Анатолш 1ванович, доктор фтософп в галузi державного управлтня, доктор економгчних наук, доцент кафедри публгчного адмжструван-ня, Мiжрегiональна Академiя управлтня персоналом, 03039, м. Кшв, вул. Фроме-тiвська, 2, тел.: (044) 264-52-54, e-mail: Anatoliy_Bogdanenko@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0003-0758-5809 Богданенко Анатолий Иванович, доктор философии в отрасли государственного управления, доктор экономических наук, доцент кафедры публичного администрирования, Межрегиональная Академия управления персоналом, 03039, г. Киев, ул. Фрометовская, 2, тел.: (044) 26452-54, e-mail: Anatoliy_Bogdanenko@ukr.net
ORCID: 0000-0003-0758-5809
INVESTING iN REAL ESTATE OF GREAT BRiTAiN
DURiNG BREXIT
Abstracts. The current situation with Brexit is considered. Many investors who invest in British real estate are currently worried by it. The creation of such an alarming mood is also facilitated by media which predict a negative scenario for England's exit from the Eurozone.
It is determined that despite everything the situation in the country is not so bad, as some skeptics believe. Of course, at the moment, Britain is going through difficult times. The country seeks to defend its rights, feeling the strong pressure from the European Union. All this confuses potential investors, they postpone the purchase of real estate in the United Kingdom and, as they say, wait for the grass to grow. But the most far-sighted of them are still not afraid to take a chance and safely buy houses and apartments that have fallen in price. And it is very likely that they will benefit from it when the UK economy becomes completely independent.
A certain stagnation, which is observed today in the British market, is identified. However, it still relates more to the elite segment of English real estate. Housing economy class in less expensive areas of London, as well as in the suburbs, is still in high demand. The situation here looks much better — real estate is purchased here by representatives of the English middle class, as well as foreign investors who want to live near the British capital.
Significant growth in demand for commercial real estate in London itself is defined. Transparency and stability in the English market are attracting businessmen from other countries who seek to become its full members. For them, in the local real estate market, there is a special offer, including for building. In addition, wealthy immigrants from the CIS countries have a strong interest in real estate, with rental income of 5-7 %. As a rule, they are interested in dormitories, shops, cafes, restaurants and warehouses. At all these facilities in London, one can make good money right now.
It was concluded that Brexit was not able to undermine the steady development of the UK property market. Even in these difficult times for the country, immovable properties of London and other large cities of England continue to be bought by investors who are able to think in perspective.
Keywords: real estate, UK real estate market, real estate investment, Brexit.
1НВЕСТУВАННЯ В НЕРУХОМЮТЬ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНЙ П1Д ЧАС БРЕКЗ1ТУ
Анотащя. Розглянуто нишшню ситуащю, пов'язану з Брекз^ом. Hapa3i вона турбуе багатьох iHBecTopiB, що вкладають грошi в британську нерухо-мють. Створенню такого тривожного настрою сприяють також i ЗМ1, як прогнозують негативний сценарш виходу Англи з бврозони.
Встановлено, що становище в кра!ш не настшьки погане, як вважають де-яю скептики. Наразi Великобриташя переживае нелегк часи. Кра!на праг-не вщстояти сво! права, вщчуваючи сильний тиск з боку бвросоюзу. Все це бентежить потенцшних iнвесторiв. Вони вщкладають покупку нерухомост у Сполученому Королiвствi i, як то кажуть, чекають бшя моря погоди. Але найдалекогляднiшi з них все ж не бояться ризикнути та смшиво купують будинки i квартири, як подешевшали. I дуже ймовiрно, що саме вони будуть мати з того вигоду, коли економжа Великобритани стане щлком незалеж-ною.
Визначено деякий застш, який сьогодш спостертаеться на Британському ринку. Влм, це бiльш стосуеться тшьки елiтного сегмента англшсько! нерухомосл. Житло економ-класу в менш дорогих районах Лондона, а також в передмютях, як i рашше, користуеться високим попитом. Ситуацiя тут виглядае набагато краще — нерухомють тут купують представники англш-ського середнього класу, а також шоземш швестори, якi бажають жити по-близу британсько! столицi.
Зазначено помггне зростання попиту на комерцiйну нерухомють в самому Лондонi. Прозорють i стабiльнiсть англiйського ринку приваблюе бiзнес-
мешв з шших держав, якi прагнуть стати його повноправними учасниками. Для них на мюцевому ринку нерухомого майна юнуе спещальна пропози-щя, в тому числi i щодо забудови. Крiм того, заможнi вихвдщ з кра!н СНД виявляють великий штерес до нерухомостi, дохiд з оренди яко! складае 57 %. Зазвичай !х цiкавлять гуртожитки, магазини, кафе, ресторани i склад-ськi примiщення. На всiх цих об'ектах в Лондон можна добре заробити вже зараз.
Отже доведено, що Брекзгг не змiг пiдiрвати поступального розвитку ринку нерухомост Британи. Нав^ь в цi непростi для кра!ни часи нерухомi об'екти Лондона та шших великих мют Англи продовжують купувати швес-тори, якi вмшть мислити на перспективу.
Ключовi слова: нерухомкть, ринок нерухомостi Великобритании швес-тицп в нерухомiсть, Брекзiт.
ИНВЕСТИРОВАНИЕ В НЕДВИЖИМОСТЬ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ
ВО ВРЕМЯ БРЕКСИТА
Аннотация. Рассмотрена нынешняя ситуация, связанная с Брекситом. В настоящее время она беспокоит многих инвесторов, вкладывающих деньги в британскую недвижимость. СМИ, прогнозирующие негативный сценарий выхода Англии из Еврозоны, также способствуют созданию такого тревожного настроения.
Установлено, что положение в стране не является настолько плохим, как считают некоторые скептики. Безусловно, в данный момент Великобритания переживает нелегкие времена. Страна стремится отстоять свои права, чувствуя сильное давление со стороны Евросоюза. Все это смущает потенциальных инвесторов, они откладывают покупку недвижимости в Соединенном Королевстве и, как говорится, ждут у моря погоды. Но самые дальновидные из них все же не боятся рискнуть и смело покупают подешевевшие дома и квартиры. И очень вероятно, что именно они получат от этого выгоду, когда экономика Великобритании станет полностью независимой.
Определен некоторый застой, который сегодня наблюдается на Британском рынке. Впрочем, это все же больше касается лишь элитного сегмента английской недвижимости. Жилье эконом-класса в менее дорогих районах Лондона, а также в пригородах, по-прежнему пользуется высоким спросом. Ситуация здесь выглядит намного лучше — такую недвижимость покупают представители английского среднего класса, а также иностранные инвесторы, которые хотят жить рядом с британской столицей.
Отмечен заметный рост спроса на коммерческую недвижимость в самом Лондоне. Прозрачность и стабильность английского рынка привлекает бизнесменов из других государств, которые стремятся стать его полноправными участниками. Для них на местном рынке недвижимости существует специальное предложение, в том числе и по застройке. Кроме того, состоятельные выходцы из стран СНГ проявляют большой интерес к недвижимости, доход с аренды которой составляет 5-7 %. Как правило, их интересуют общежития,
магазины, кафе, рестораны и складские помещения. На всех этих объектах в Лондоне можно хорошо заработать уже сейчас.
Таким образом, доказано, что Брексит не смог подорвать поступательного развития рынка недвижимости Великобритании. Даже в эти непростые для страны времена недвижимые объекты Лондона и других крупных городов Англии продолжают покупать инвесторы, которые умеют мыслить на перспективу.
Ключевые слова: недвижимость, рынок недвижимости Великобритании, инвестиции в недвижимость, Брексит.
Problem statement. Experts have long said that Brexit will lead to serious consequences, both in Britain itself and throughout the world. The situation is aggravated almost from all sides: inflation will reach 6,5 %, whereas since the 1990s it never reached even 4 %. The unemployment rate will double, the level of well-being will fall accordingly, citizens will start to leave the country massively, and real estate prices will be almost 1,5 times higher.
But it must be noted that most of the experts are quite sceptical about such an outrage of fears, arguing that Britain will pass this difficult phase. Similarly, there were predictions that the UK's exit from the EU would hit the EU itself, which is a direct threat to the financial stability of the Eurozone.
However, positive economic indicators reinforce optimistic forecasts for housing. Highlighting the factors that have the most significant impact on the real estate market, the political situation is in the first place. However, despite the reduction of the stock exchange, the number of official interested investors increased significantly. This creates all the conditions for recovery and improvement in the real estate segment.
Analysis of recent publications on research issues. The issue of changes in the UK property market in the process and after Brexit is considered, for the most part, by journalists and experts of Internet publications and resources. So, the theme of the need for change in the European Union in the context of the exit of Britain is covered by the articles of V. Kryukova, M. Yeshchen-ko, A. Onischenko, O. Belkova. Also, this theme is described in the works of M. Yu. Kurylyak, D. A. Ignatiev, A. I. Yaremenko, N. Kybalyuk, A. Ko-valchuk, S. Bulmer, Th. Sampson etc. As the issue of the UK's exit from the European Union and related economic problems remain very relevant at the current stage, this issue will require further in-depth analysis and research.
Purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to determine the consequences of termination of UK membership in the EU and further prospects in the context of investment in real estate in the country.
Presenting the main material of research. Despite the ambiguity of the UK exit situation with the EU, it is widely believed that real estate will remain a strong and stable long-term investment.
According to the latest Property Wire, the primary real estate market in London today is in a stronger position than other countries [1]. In addition, the perspective for renewal after Brexit is a great opportunity to get revenue from sales in the future.
Knight Frank estate agency conducted a study, which results show an increase in the number of potential buyers by 5 % over the past year. Indicators have increased both in the center of London and in more distant zones. In addition, the uncertainty around Brexit is not as terrible as it seems at first glance: many investors do not lose the opportunity to invest in the London market. That is why sales in the central part of London have grown to 10 %. As a result the prices also began to rise [2].
Also, Knight Frank has focused on ultra-premium real estate, that is, the most expensive for today villas and apartments. These immovable objects cost more than $ 25 million. As a rule, they are located in large metropolises of economically developed countries. Such housing is affordable not just for wealthy but for very wealthy people, for whom the ownership of super-expensive apartments is a matter of prestige. Thus, during the study, the second place in the ranking after Hong Kong was given to the capital of Great Britain. In 2018, 38 super expensive real estate objects were sold in London for a total of $ 1,5 million. In this respect, London even precedes New York, where 39 transactions were recorded, with total revenue of $ 1,4 million. It is interesting to note that even despite Brexit prices for luxury homes and apartments in London, as well as the
demand for them, continue to remain stable. According to the forecasts of most major analysts, including Knight Frank, it should be expected that in 2019 the cost of London real estate will increase at least by 3 % [3].
The British real estate and finance consulting company NovaFinancial Group notes that, despite the caution to be taken with Brexit's exposure and to the various situations that may arise as a result of future transactions (or differences), there is the widespread perception that the property will still be a strong and stable long-term investment [4].
Turning to local statistics, every third house in the capital is bought by foreign citizens, and every eighth buyer is the citizen of Europe. At the moment, buyers from different European countries continue to buy real estate in London and other big cities of Great Britain even more active due to a temporary depreciation of the pound sterling. Such a downturn caused a certain price ranking of real estate beneficial for buyers. They do not care how Brexit will be reflected in British real estate. They understand that after the temporary downturn comes the upturn because Britain is a country with a very strong economy.
Studying statistics can be seen that Europeans are not the main buyers. The citizens of China and the countries of the Middle East continue to demonstrate great activity. Many young people from these countries seek a high-quality British education, so parents are ready to buy for them apartments in London's new buildings [5]. They continue to perceive London as a quiet harbor, and Brexit is a kid's
play, in comparison with the political instability, agitation and stagnation of the economy in many Middle Eastern countries.
It should be noted that not all parts of the country may have negative consequences, therefore, by displaying display vigilance and entrepreneurial instinct, it is possible to make investments in profitable districts of Great Britain.
By the same token, Britain appears in the TOP of the most profitable investment in the real estate market in 2019. Economists predict a rise in rental income from co-working and hotel real estate in London and the central regions of the UK.
On the other hand, British analysts have calculated that the standard of living in the country after Brexit can be reduced by 2 %. The National Institute for NIESR forecasts a slump in the growth of the British GDP in 2019 by 0,3 %. And Mark Carney, manager of the Bank of England, even said that if no deal scenario comes into force, British real estate crashes by 35 %. Given the fact that Britain, according to various estimates, occupies the 4th-13th place in terms of living standards in the world, it can become a disaster. But despite this, the rental beats records in the UK.
In February 2019, the Royal Institute of Chartered Appraisers (RICS) conducted a survey among Britons, which showed that up to 77 % of the population link the decline in demand for real estate with Brexit. However, experienced developers expect a significant improvement in the market situation in the next 12 months [6].
The problem in the UK is compounded by the fact that the British government in addressing homeless-ness is planning to introduce a tax for foreign investors, which will be 1-3 %. Berkeley, Barratt and Taylor Wimpey, major British developers, have already expressed their concerns about this. According to the leading index of the London Stock Exchange FTSE 100, these companies were among the top ten companies whose shares experienced the greatest decline.
However, the index of development of construction projects in the UK shows that developer confidence is higher than in other countries. According to a new survey, confidence among developers is very high in all major cities of the United Kingdom, against the backdrop of a sustainable level of real estate, offices and student homes in 2018.
According to the latest research provided by Deloitte, construction activity reached record levels last year. Belfast, Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester are at the top of the ranking of the number of new projects.
Trust of developers is a key indicator of the economic well-being of the market. And the fact that a large number of construction works have been launched in the last 12 months shows the stability of the regions and the desire to grow. Moreover, investors' confidence is rising, as evidenced by the growth in the number of previous transactions.
Conclusion and prospects for further research. Consequently, it can be concluded from the foregoing that the political crisis which hangs over Great Britain does not stop foreign investors.
Many of them buy real estate that has fallen in price, hoping to get good returns from it in the future.
London strengthened in 2018 its title of the best place for commercial investment and continues to be the most popular for foreign investment. This city has really proven its ability to adapt to changes in the modern global economy. Forecasts by some experts on how Brexit will affect UK real estate with negative ratings is clearly refuted by the present.
One can see the further positive transformation process, as London intends to become the center of research and development that will invariably attract new foreign investors. Already, many are attracted by lucrative areas of Great Britain, among which the British capital stands out.
The exit from the European Union is a complicated process, but as long as London has developed infrastructure and popular places, known to the world institutions and security, education and a wealth of talents, real estate owners and investors from all over the world will continue to draw their own views on it.
references -
1. New supply increased by 11 % in the UK in February, last index shows. URL: https://www.propertywire. com/news/uk/new-supply-in-creased-by-11-in-the-uk-in-febru-ary-latest-index-shows/ (accessed 21.03.2019)
2. London report 2019. URL: http:// knightfrank.digitalmagazines.online/ the-london-report-2019/p/1 (accessed 21.03.2019)
3. The Wealth Report 2019. URL: https://www.knightfrank.co.uk/ blog/category/lifestyle (accessed 21.03.2019)
4. Investing during Brexit. URL: https://nova.financial/investing-du-ring-brexit (accessed 21.03.2019)
5. Kirkman Will. The best postcodes for property investors: University towns still offer decent buy-to-let returns — and Nottingham claims top spot. URL: https://www.thisismoney.co.uk/ money/buytolet/article-6437523/ Wheres-best-buy-let-Nottingham-takes-spot.html (accessed 21.03.2019)
6. February 2019: UK Residential Market Survey. URL: https://www.rics. org/uk/news-insight/latest-news/ press-releases/residential-market-survey-february-2019/ (accessed 21.03.2019)
список використаних джерел -
1. New supply increased by 11 % in the UK in February, last index shows. URL: https://www.propertywire. com/news/uk/new-supply-increased-by-11-in-the-uk-in-february-latest-index-shows/ (дата звернення: 21.03.2019)
2. London report 2019. URL: http:// knightfrank.digitalmagazines.online/ the-london-report-2019/p/1 (дата звернення: 21.03.2019)
3. The Wealth Report 2019. URL: https://www.knightfrank.co.uk/blog/ category/lifestyle (дата звернення: 21.03.2019)
4. Investing during Brexit. URL: https://nova.financial/investing-during-brexit (дата звернення: 21.03.2019)
5. Kirkman Will. The best postcodes for property investors: University towns still offer decent buy-to-let returns —
and Nottingham claims top spot. URL: 6.
https://www.thisismoney.co.uk/
money/buytolet/article-6437523/
Wheres-best-buy-let-Nottingham-
takes-spot.html (дата звернення:
21.03.2019)
February 2019: UK Residential Market Survey. URL: https://www. rics.org/uk/news-insight/latest-news/press-releases/residential-market-survey-february-2019/ (дата звернення: 21.03.2019)
