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UDC 547.913
INVESTIGATION OF KAZAKHSTANI FLORA. II. GC/MS ANALYSIS OF FERULA SOONGARICA PALL. EX SCHULT. ESSENTIAL OIL OBTAINED BY SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION
© Ye. M. Suleimenov 1, S. Machmudah2, M. Yu. Ishmuratova3, M. Sasaki2, M. Goto2
1Department of chemistry, Munaitpassov 5, L.N. Gumilyov eurasian national university, Astana, 010008 (Kazakhstan) e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of applied chemistry and biochemistry, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto university, Kumamoto, 860-8555 (Japan)
3 Zhezkazgan botanic garden, Zhezkazgan, 100600 (Kazakhstan)
The composition of extracts of Ferula soongarica Pall. ex Schult. from two regions of Kazakhstan, obtained by supercritical C02 extraction was investigated by GC/MS.
Keywords: Ferula soongarica, supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE), GC/MS.
Acknowledgments - the authors thank the Matsumae international foundation (Japan) for research grant.
Ferula soongarica Pall. ex Schult. is high plant spread in Central Asia. Phenolic and terpenoid esters were isolated before from roots of F. soongarica [1-3]. Composition of essential oils from China and Kazakhstan was investigated as well [4, 5], but it is necessary to note, that research of essential oil of F. soongarica obtained by C02 extraction method haven’t been investigated before.
Plant material. Plants were collected by authors in Arshaly district near Astana (A) and in Zhezkazgan botanic garden (B) (Kazakhstan Republic) and deposited in Zhezkazgan Botanic garden (Voucher code is 2009.15.05.01.02).
SCFE. Supercritical fluid extraction was done as described in [6]. We collected extracts within an hour. The yield of essential oil is from 3,22 to 2,5% for raw material A and B respectively. The obtained extracts were dissolved in 1 ml of ethanol, cooled overnight at -20 °C, filtered and analyzed by GC/MS.
GC/MS. Component composition of essential oil was analyzed by the method of GC/MS and was done as described in [6]. Composition of CO2 extract of F. soongarica given in the table.
Composition of CO2 extracts of Ferula soongarica
RT Library Area, % RT Library Area, %
A B A B
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
6,22 a-Pinene 4,07 0,63 44,07 Hexadecanoic acid 4,72 -
6,92 Camphene Tr - 44,85 Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester 1,45 -
8,36 P-Pinene 1,40 - 45,87 Calamenene 1,06 -
9,18 Myrcene 0,85 - 45,77 P-Terpineol - 0,91
9,61 (E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal Tr - 47,48 Phytol Tr -
11,49 />-Cymene Tr - 47,96 Bergapten - 5,51
11,78 Limonene Tr - 48,10 7,10,13-Hexadecatrienoic acid methyl ester 2,01 -
15,02 2-Methoxy-Phenol Tr - 48,66 Nopinone 2,49 -
23,43 />-Mentha-1,5,8-triene 0,38 - 48,75 7,10,13-Hexadecatrienoic acid methyl ester 0,73 -
24,01 Bornyl acetate Tr - 49,46 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahydrochrysene 5,96 -
24,28 Thymol Tr - 49,84 Unknown 3 1,15 -
28,58 P-Cedrene Tr — 50,00 trans-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-Hexahydro-2,2,4,4,7,7- hexamethyl-1H-indene 0,70 -
28,67 Aristolene Tr 0,41 50,42 1,4-Dimethyl-2,5-diisopropylbenzene 0,54 -
28,96 a-Selinene Tr - 50,93 Berlandin 0,82 -
Continue of the table
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
29,07 Calarene Tr tr 51,13 Unknown 4 10,53 -
28,54 P-Farnesene - 0,30 51,22 Unknown 5 2,16 -
32,75 8-Cadinene - 0,31 51,96 Heneicosane 0,78 -
33,34 P-Cadinene - 2,78 52,93 Isopinocamphone Tr 1,55
29,32 Aromadendrene Tr 0,97 49,63 Edulan I - 10,90
29,79 Clovene Tr - 49,77 Unknown 6 - 0,76
30,78 Curcumene Tr - 50,13 n-Octylcyclohexane - 0,67
32,06 Dihydroactinolide Tr - 50,71 p-n-Propylphenol - 4,66
33,18 Vanillic acid Tr - 51,94 2,4-Dimethyl-2-decene - 19,78
34,04 8-Selinene - tr 53,38 Unknown 7 0,62 -
34,28 P-Guaiene - 1,77 53,83 trans-7-Oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane 35,32 -
35,68 Bis(p-ethylbenzyl) ether 0,80 - 55,00 Tetracosane Tr -
38,43 Carvacrol 0,29 - 59,05 Hexacosane 2,32 -
38,55 P-Cyclocitral 0,55 - 66,77 Ionene - 15,03
39,89 1,4-Diisopropyl-2,5- dimethylbenzene 0,52 — 69,46 1,5,7-Trimethyltetralin - 30,94
40,16 Unknown 1 0,90 - 69,65 Heptacosane 6,47 -
40,83 Unknown 2 3,10 - 71,36 o-octyl-Anisole 2,74 -
41,04 Perhydrofarnesyl acetone 0,60 - 74,05 Unknown 8 1,64 -
43,75 Dibutyl phthalate Tr - 75,40 Octacosane 0,91 -
TOTAL 98,58
A - Essential oil from F. soongarica from raw material collected in Arshaly dictrict, near Astana. B - Essential oil from F. soon-garica from raw material collected in Zhezkazgan (Karaganda region). ** - Tr- components less then 0,1%; *** - basic components in bold; **** - EIMS, 70 eV, m/z (% rel. int.): Unknown 1: 234(4), 216(11), 201(15), 191(100), 177(19), 173(15), 159(11), 149(11), 145(17), 134(33), 121(32), 115(8), 107(30), 91(23), 77(13), 69(7), 65(7), 55(11). Unknown 2: 236(2), 218(16), 200(15), 193(69), 185(16), 179(33), 157(41), 151(100), 143(27), 133(37), 119(16), 109(24), 105(23), 91(24), 77(16), 65(8), 55(10). Unknown 3: 429(1), 355(2), 290(9), 249(1), 232(28), 217(2), 208(13), 189(4), 175(2), 161(4), 149(5), 133(3), 121(8), 107(8), 91(5), 83(100), 79(4), 69(3), 55(3). Unknown 4: 291(2), 251(77), 233(14), 219(8), 205(3), 191(26), 177(23), 163(20), 155(12), 149(13), 145(12), 135(31), 119(48), 107(17), 91(20), 83(100), 69(14), 55(60). Unknown 5: 275(7), 235(4), 218(7), 200(3), 191(4),
175(100), 157(20), 147(18), 132(72), 126(28), 119(28), 105(17), 91(17), 83(51), 71(14), 55(43). Unknown 6: 235(31), 219(22), 200(22), 183(28), 175(45), 165(13), 157(62), 142(30), 132(60), 119(31), 105(26), 100(25), 91(37), 83(42), 71(17), 55(54). Unknown 7: 503(2), 429(3), 401(1), 355(2), 341(3), 281(13), 264(5), 252(2), 238(4), 222(4), 206(7), 189(8), 175(3), 165(4), 154(5), 135(5), 126(14), 112(11), 94(15), 82(20), 72(79), 59(100). Unknown 8: 345(7), 281(1), 220(3), 202(3), 187(3), 177(47), 164(17), 159(34), 151(100), 134(20), 121(17), 105(12), 93(13), 81(7), 71(5), 55(10).
As shown in table 1, in the essential oil of F. soongarica from the raw materials collected in Arshaly dictrict, near Astana (A) 51 components were found, main from them are trans-7-0xabicyclo[4.3.0]-nonane (35,3%), an unknown compound 7 (10,5%) and Heptacosane (6,5%). In the C02 extract obtained from the plant collected in Zhezkazgan where found 19 components, main from them are 1,5,7-Trimethyltetralin (30,9%), 2,4-dimethyl-2-decene (19,8%) and ionene (15,0%).
Conclusions
Thus, for the first time we investigated the component composition of essential oil of F. soongarica from two regions of Kazakhstan obtained by supercritical C02 extraction method.
References
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Received March 9, 2010
Revised October 8, 2010
