CC BY
1УДК 621.37
Mukhtarova K.M.
laboratory assistant Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
(Baku, Azerbaijan)
INVESTIGATION A SYSTEM FOR THE INTEGRATED CONVERSION OF WIND AND SOLAR ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Аннотация: the problems of increasing energy efficiency and reliability of energy supply, especially in autonomous systems, require the use of complex solutions that combine various renewable energy sources. In this paper, a system was presented that provides integrated conversion of wind and solar energy into electrical energy, which allows to significantly improve the performance of the power system and increase its stability. The analyzed system includes a closed-type wind turbine, a solar panel with a sun tracking system, and batteries that work together to achieve maximum efficiency. The combined use of these two energy sources allows to level out the shortcomings of each of them, providing a stable power supply even in changing weather conditions.
Ключевые слова: renewable energy, wind turbine, solar panel, energy efficiency, reliability.
In the context of constantly rising electricity tariffs and limited traditional energy resources, humanity is increasingly turning to alternative energy sources, such as wind and solar energy. Issues of energy efficiency and reliability of energy supply are becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of the global energy crisis and the need to transition to sustainable resource consumption patterns. In this regard, the development and implementation of systems that can effectively use renewable energy sources to meet the needs of both private consumers and industry is becoming increasingly important. One of the most important aspects of using renewable energy sources is the integration of different types of energy to achieve maximum efficiency. Scientists and engineers have come to the conclusion that the
combined use of wind and solar energy can significantly increase the overall efficiency of the energy system, compared to their separate use. This is explained by the fact that the combination of different energy sources can neutralize the shortcomings of each of them, providing a stable and reliable energy supply. For example, in the absence of wind, solar panels can compensate for the energy deficit, while on cloudy days, wind turbines can continue to generate electricity. Developing a system capable of integrating and optimally utilizing wind and solar energy requires advanced technologies and engineering solutions. One of the key challenges is to create systems that not only efficiently convert energy, but also provide highly reliable power supply. This is especially important for autonomous energy-consuming facilities, where stable power supply plays a critical role.
This paper examines a system design for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energy into electrical energy [1-5]. Figure 1 shows an electrical diagram of the connection of the elements of the system for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energies into electrical energy.
Fig. 1. Scheme of the system for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energies into electrical energy.
The purpose of the system for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energy into electrical energy is to increase the utilization rate of wind energy, ensuring the reliability of energy security. In addition, due to the combined operation of a wind turbine, a solar panel with a rotary mechanism, and batteries, the reliability of power supply is ensured.
The main elements of the system for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energies into electrical energy are a closed type wind electric installation 1 and a solar panel with a sun tracking system 5, which converts wind and solar energies into electrical energy. Inside the case there is a wind turbine with blades, which is mounted on the generator shaft, and a cone in front of the wind turbine. The wind flow, running on the blades of the wind turbine, causes them to rotate. The wind turbine transfers mechanical rotational energy to a generator, which converts this energy into electrical energy. The generator is mounted on a support 4 together with a housing and a cone, to which a guide device in the form of a shank 2 is attached, which serves to orient the blades of a closed-type wind turbine in the direction of the wind. Inside support 4 there is a current collector with electric brushes on springs, which prevents the cable from twisting when the installation rotates around its axis. Support 4 is installed on the roof 3, which is necessary to increase the efficiency of wind energy use and is an active element in converting wind energy into electrical energy. The tracking solar panel 5, which increases the efficiency of converting solar radiation energy into electrical energy by constantly tracking the sun, is installed towards the sun. Electric energy is supplied through the charge controller 7 to charge the battery 9. When recharging the battery 9, the charge controller 7 directs the electric current to the ballast resistance 8, which converts excess electrical energy into thermal energy. To protect against short circuits and overloads, there are fuses 10 in the circuit. In the event of destructive winds, device 6 is used to take the wind turbine out of operation, which puts it into braking and stopping mode [6-9].
By using batteries and charge controllers, the system is able not only to accumulate excess electricity, but also to effectively manage its distribution, preventing overloads and short circuits. This is especially important in autonomous systems,
where power failures can lead to serious consequences. Additional system elements, such as a device for stopping the wind turbine in extreme wind conditions, also contribute to the overall reliability and durability of the system. Thanks to the proposed system for the integrated conversion of wind and solar energies into electrical energy, the reliability of power supply is ensured, taking into account the possibility of windlessness [10-12].
Conclusion. The development and implementation of such integrated systems is of great importance for achieving sustainable development in the energy sector. They reduce dependence on non-renewable resources, minimize the impact on the environment and ensure a more stable and reliable power supply. The use of such technologies is especially relevant in remote and hard-to-reach regions, where traditional power supply systems may be ineffective or economically impractical.
In the long term, the integration of various renewable energy sources into unified systems will become a key area of energy development. This will ensure both economic and environmental sustainability, as well as create conditions for more efficient use of natural resources. In conclusion, it can be noted that the proposed integrated wind and solar energy conversion system represents an important step towards sustainable and reliable energy supply, contributing to the solution of global problems of energy security and sustainable development.
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