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Iminova D. o'qituvchisi
Makatabgacha ta'lim nazariyasi kafedrasi Andijon davlatpedagogika instituti
INNOVATIV LOYIHALAR VOSITASIDA BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARIDA O'QISH MOTIVATSIYASINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING MAZMUNI
Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada innovativ loyihalar vositasida boshlang^ich sinf o"quvchilarida o"qish motivatsiyasini rivojlantirishning mazmuni haqida so z boradi.
Kalit so^zlar: innovativ, motivatsiya, rivojlantirish, isloh qilish, talim, o^quvchi, subyekt.
Iminova D. teacher
Department of theory of preschool education Andijan State Pedagogical Institute
THE CONTENT OF DEVELOPING STUDY MOTIVATION IN PRIMARY CLASS STUDENTS THROUGH INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Annotation. In this article, in this article, in the event of initiated graders, the intention of developing educational motivations will be reported.
Keywords: Innomivation, motivation, development, development, education, studi, education.
Boshlang'ich sinflarda yuqori bilim, ko'nikma va malakalarni shaklllantirish uchun o'quv-biluv faoliyati samaradorligini oshirishga qaratilgan tadbirlar majmuasiga o'quvchilarning motivlari sohasini o'rganish masalalari ham muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. O'zbekiston Respublikasining "Ta'lim to'g'risida"gi qonuni va hamda O'zbekistonda ta'lim tizimini isloh qilish va takomillashtirishga qaratilgan qator hujjatlarda ta'lim jarayonini insonparvarlashtirish va demokratlashtirish, uni shaxsga - ta'lim jarayonining asosiy subyektlaridan biriga qaratish alohida ta'kidlab o'tiladi. Shu munosabat bilan ta'lim tizimini isloh qilishning hozirgi bosqichida o'qituvchi va o'quvchi o'rtasidagi munosabatlarning adekvat modelini qurish uchun o'quvchi individual xususiyatlarini tahlil etishga yanada sinchkovlik bilan yondashish talab etiladi. Qayd etilgan muammolarni tadqiq etish qator shart-sharoitlarga bog'liq. Avvalo, ta'limda o'quvchilar maqomini yangilash, ularni ta'lim jarayonining faol subyektiga aylantirish ehtiyoji tug'iladi. Binobarin, bu masala muammoning ikkinchi tomoniga, ya'ni o'quvchining ta'lim jarayoni subyektiga aylanish istagi
va ehtiyojiga ham bog'liq. Aynan, ana shunday ehtiyojni ularda paydo etish, ya'ni o'quvchini o'quv-biluv faoliyatiga motivlashtirish bugungi kunning eng dolzarb muammolaridan biri bo'lib qolmoqda.
Ta'lim jarayonida ilg'or pedagogik texnologiyalarni faol qo'llash, ta'lim samaradorligini oshirish, tahlil qilish va amaliyotga joriy etish bugungi kunning muhim vazifalaridan biridir. O'quvchilarning fikr doirasi, ongi, dunyoqarashlarini o'stirish, ularni erkin tinglovchidan erkin ishtirokchiga aylantirmoq nihoyatda muhimdir. O'qituvchi darsda boshqaruvchi o'quvchilar esa, ishtirokchiga aylanmog'i lozim. Ana shu vazifani uddalashda innovatsion faoliyat ustunligi ko'p qirrali samara keltiradi. Boshlang'ich ta'limumumta'limmaktablarining bosh bo'g'ini bo'lgani sababli ana shu jarayonda o'quvchi shaxsining mukammal rivojlanib borishiga ko'proq e'tibor berish lozim. Boshlang'ich sinf o'qituvchilarining mas'uliyatlari cheksizdir. Ular maktab ostonasiga endigina qadam qo'ygan o'quvchilarni maktab hayotiga ko'niktirib, zamonaviy bilim olishlariga yo'l ochib beradilar. Bolalarning o'qishga munosabatlari, aqliy salohiyatlari ana shu davrda shakllanadi. Bu ham boshlang'ich sinf o'qituvchilarining vazifasi mas'uliyatli ekanligini ko'rsatadi. Pedagogik texnologiyalar asosida tashkil etilgan darslar tashkiliy usullari, o'tkazish metodlariga ko'ra o'quvchi ehtiyojiga mos tushishi kerak. Chunki bunday darslar bola ruhiyatiga yaqinroq bo'ladi. O'quvchilarning o'quv materiallarini o'zlashtirishga bo'lgan qiziqish, xohish va istaklarini qo'zg'otish asosida maqsadga erishish motivatsiya bo'lib, bu o'qituvchi va o'quvchilarning o'zaro ichki yaqinlashuvidir. Ta'limtizimida innovatsion deyilganda ta'limmaqsadi va mazmuniga yangilik kiritish, yangicha yondashish, pedagog va talabaning hamkorligidagi faoliyatini tashkil etish, pedagogik texnologiyalarni takomillashtirish jarayoni, ta'limning uslub, shakl, va vositalarining majmuasi tushuniladi. Boshlang'ich sinfda ta'lim jarayonida o'quvchilarning o'qish motivini rivojlantirish katta ahamiyatga ega. Chunki motiv o'quvchilarni ta'lim jarayoniga qiziqtiradi, darsga faol qatnashishga, bilimlarni egallashga undaydi. Innovativ loyihalarni o'quvchilarda o'qish motivini rivojlantirishga katta yordam beradi. Boshlang'ich sinflarda ko'proq bolalarning yoshini, bilim saviyasini hisobga olish lozimligini unutmaslik kerak. Ularga oddiy, oson va vaqt kam sarflanadigan o'yin mashqlardan foydalanib, darslar o'tish yaxshi samara beradi. Ko'proq atrof-muhit bilan bog'lab o'tilgan mashg'ulotlar bolalar ongini, dunyoqarashini, erkin fikrlash, bayon etish qobiliyatini, mustaqil ishlash ko'nikmasini rivojlantiradi. Innovatsion texnologiyalardan dars jarayonida foydalanishning o'ziga xosligi shundaki, ular o'qituvchi va o'quvchilarning birgalikdagi faoliyati orqali amalga oshiriladi. O'qitish jarayoni o'qituvchi hamda o'quvchilar faoliyatini o'z ichiga oladi. O'qituvchining faoliyati o'quv materialini bayon qilish, o'quvchilarning fanga bo'lgan qiziqishini orttirish, fikrini teranlashtirish va e'tiqodini shakllantirish, o'quvchilarning mustaqil mashg'ulotlariga rahbarlik qilish, ularning bilim, ko'nikma va malakalarini tekshirish hamda baholashdan iborat. Darhaqiqat, innovatsion yondashuvlar va
zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalar ta'lim jarayonining unumdorligini oshiradi. Bugungi davr axborot uzatish hajmi va tezligi jihatlaridan chegaralanmagan butunjahon axborot tarmog'idan faol foydalanishi bilan xarakterlanadi. Ta'lim jarayonida multimedia vositalarini qo'llash pedagogik va psixologik nuqtai nazardan juda katta ahamiyatga ega. Unda beriladigan material chuqurroq o'zlashtiriladi, vaqtni tejash imkoniyatiga erishiladi, olingan ma'lumot kishi xotirasida uzoq vaqt saqlanadi, kichik maktab yoshidagi o'quvchilarning passi v tiglovchi sifatida ishtirok etishi qisqarib, izlanuvchanlik va bilish faoliyatini takomillashtirishga qaratilgan multimedia dasturlari tatbiq etiladi, ta'lim jarayoniga badiiylik kiritiladi. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, multimedia ta'limning emotsional estetik ta'sirlanish, maqsadga intilish, tadqiqotchilik kabi motivlarni faollashtiradi. Ma'lumki, ta'lim oluvchi birinchi marta eshitgan mavzusining faqat to'rtdan bir qismini, ko'rgan materialining esa uchdan bir qisminigina eslab qoladi; ham ko'rib, ham eshitsa axborotning ellik foizini yodda saqlaydi. Interaktiv multimedia texnologiyalarida foydalanganda esa bu ko'rsatkich 75% tashkil etadi. Multimedialardan va animatsiyalardan keng foydalanish o'quvchilarni darslarga bo'lgan qiziqishi va bilim saviyasini oshiradi.35 O'quvchilarga kompetensiyalarni har bir dars ko'lamida puxta singdirib borish kerak. Ta'limda yangi pedagogik texnologiyalardan, innovatsion g'oyalardan, interfaol uslublar va kreativ yondashuvlardan o'rinli ravishda o'z vaqtida foydalanish zarur. O'quvchilar bu innovatsiyalar orqali yetarli bilim egallaydi.
Boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilarida innovatsion loyihalar bilan o'qish motivatsiyasini rivojlantirish
Boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilarda o'qishga bo'lgan muhabbatni uyg'otish ularning akademik muvaffaqiyati va shaxsiy o'sishi uchun juda muhimdir. An'anaviy usullar ba'zan o'quvchilar imkoniyatini cheklashi mumkin, ammo innovatsion loyihalar ularning ishtiyoqini kuchaytirib boradi.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar 1.O. Ikromova (2022) Ta'lim jarayonlarida multimediya vositalarini qo'llash. Science and innovation 1(B17)1268 1273.
2.Abduraxmonova S. Sh. (2021). THE IMPORTANCE OF PRESCHOOL LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION. European Scholar Journal, 2(4), 447-449.
3.Mirzaev, O. (2022). THE ROLE OF ETHICS AND AESTHETICS IN THE FORMATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS. Science and innovation, 1(B6), 125-130.
4. Nargiza, Q. (2022). MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM TASHKILOTLARIDA LOGOPED ISHINING OLIB BORILISHI. PEDAGOGS jurnali, 22(2), 52-54.
5.^ypaxy^aeB, M. X. (2022). HMKOHH^TH ^EOAHrAH BO^A^AP YH^A £KKA TAPTHB^ArH TAL^HM^A Y^YB ^APAEHHHH TAfflKHH 3THm. PEDAGOGS jurnali, 1(1), 295-298.
35 O.Ikromova (2022) Ta'lim jarayonlarida multimediya vositalarini qo'llash. Science and innovation 1(B17)1268 1273. Doi10.5281zendo.7309531
6. Мирзаев, О. Х. (2020). Воспитание профессионально-нравственных качеств у будущих молодых фермеров средствами отечественной литературы. Science and Education, 1(2), 508-513.
7. Xusanovich, M. O. (2021). Formation Of Elements Of Entrepreneurial Activity In Pupils Of The Preschool Educational Organization. JournalNX, 1, 265.
8. Khalilkhoja, D. M. (2022, March). PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF HOME INDIVIDUAL EDUCATORS. In Conference Zone (pp. 315-318).
9. Azimova, Z. E., & KHASANOVA, G. THE WAY OF SCIENCE. THE WAY OF SCIENCE Учредители: Издательство Научное обозрение, (6), 58-59.
10. Азимова, З. Э., & Муллаахунова, Н. М. (2023). РАЗВИТИЕ РЕЧИ УЧАЩИХСЯ 6 КЛАССА УЗБЕКСКИХ ШКОЛ СРЕДСТВАМИ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЙ ИСКУССТВА НА УРОКАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА КАК ИНОСТРАННОГО. Science and innovation, 2(Special Issue 5), 638-641.
11. Азимова, З. Э. (2018). Олий укув муассасаси маънавий-маърифий ишларининг педагогик назария ва амалиётда тутган урни. Современное образование (Узбекистан), (2), 26-35.
12. Gulhayo, M. (2023). TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL COMPETENCES OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS. Science and innovation, 2(B4), 632-634.
13. Mominova, G. (2023). MAKTABGACHA TALIM TASHKILOTLARI TARBIYACHILARINING UMUMMADANIY KOMPOTENSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH TEXNOLOGIYALARI. Science and innovation in the education system, 2(2), 122-126.
14. Iminova, D. N. (2021). MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM TASHKILOTI VA MAKTAB O'RTASIDAGI HAMKORLIKNING AHAMIYATI. Science and Education, 2(1), 301-303.
Inomiddinova D.I.
docent
«Foreign languages department»
NamECI
THE ISSUE OF THE HUMAN FACTOR IN EDUCATING YOUNG
PEOPLE
Annotation. The article highlights the human factor and its impact processes in educating young people. Also, the issue of the human factor has been scientifically investigated.
Keywords: man, Society, civilization, citizen, state.
Introduction. The human being is wounded, the development continues. The processes from the primitive to the present day, in which science has evolved, are proof of our thoughts. The supreme blessing of independence creates an opportunity for our citizens to live a peaceful and peaceful life, to realize noble goals, beautiful wishes.
Unfortunately, to the place of rational use of these opportunities, today there are people who are under the influence of different yacht flows and who are making alife, risking not only himself, but also others. Without a doubt, morality is the basis of the development of mankind. The method of recording new morality in an informed society is based on the use of computational techniques. The methods of modern science make it possible to collect a fairly large amount of data, in which a new approach is used (observation, experiment, theorizing, approaches that are not based on modeling) Radical changes in the social sphere, attention paid to education, upbringing of a perfect person, in a word, the human factor is at the center of the development of today's society.Starting from kindergartens to higher educational institutions, radical reforms were introduced in the entire educational system. New universities and institutes, their branches are being opened in the country, faculties and departments are being established in cooperation with the most prestigious higher education institutions. In 20182019, admission of students to higher educational institutions of our country was doubled. Such a list of innovations in our lives can still be continued for quite some time. Educating young people in the spirit of patriotism and respect for our national values, protection from various ills and threats, increasing the effectiveness of propaganda work is one of the pressing problems of today.
The rapid development of Information Technology and globalization processes are setting new tasks in the areas of human factor, education, new pedagogical technology. In fact, more than a hundred years ago, the knowledge that a person received in the process of education was enough for his whole life. Because the exchange of Information, its update has been very slow. The development of Information Communication Technology has also led to the fact
that educational programs become obsolete in the short term. Their creation should be in proportion to the newly formed professions and specialties. In conclusion, it is worth noting that the role of each parent in the integration of the idea of national independence into the younger generation is also very important. It is necessary for parents to realize how important their children are in preschool education, their spiritual spiritual development, this period is an important stage of continuous education and upbringing. It will be desirable to achieve a consistent adaptation of the family to the system of educational institutions. It means that parents, providing direct education to the younger generation, are responsible for carrying out this urgent task in cooperation with all educational institutions (schools, lyceums, vocational colleges, universities), which are considered the main focus of ideological education. Today, the management of the educational process, the enrichment of its content, the need for the use of new pedagogical technologies, in our opinion, is based on the following:
- to appreciate, glorify and serve independence to our national consciousness, to turn it into a belief is the sacred duty of every citizen;
- to ensure that the sense of patriotism and patriotism are absorbed in the blood of every student;
- to educate young people in the spirit of love for the motherland, to grow national pride in them;
- information and communication technologies, well mastered foreign languages, deeply mastered their specialty, personnel with higher education can work in any country of the world today. But with his work in a foreign country, it is necessary to achieve loyalty to his homeland, native language, place of birth, nationality. But in combination with such positive changes, in our opinion, the behavior of young people is characterized by the following factors: evasion of negative:
- ideas that are integrated into the minds of young people are not sufficiently conveyed to the status of conviction;
- the impact of information rich in youth consciousness, which has not found its confirmation, and its consequences;
- inadequate life experience in young people, the slowdown of traditional communication between the elderly and the younger generation;
It is inevitable that different vices cause great harm in the upbringing of a perfect person. Therefore, the upbringing of young people in the spirit of patriotism is an urgent issue of State importance. There are no shortcomings in this area yet, the scientific and methodological problems of the implementation of patriotic education in places, educational institutions have not yet been fully studied.
Modern technologies of teaching foreign languages accumulate successful information of each of them, enable the teacher to adjust any technology in accordance with the structure, functions, content, goals and objectives of training in the particular group of students. [6] The search for new pedagogical
technologies is associated with the lack of positive motivation of students in learning a foreign language. Positive motivation is inadequate, because when learning a foreign language students face significant difficulties and do not learn the material because of their psychological characteristics. [7] Currently, more and more teachers are turning to the communicative method of learning English. The object of this method is speech itself, that is, this technique first of all teaches us to communicate. [8] The long-term practice of teaching English proves that teaching with traditional technologies does not allow developing key, basic competencies in a particular academic discipline, so a drastic reorganization of the educational process is needed.[9] For example, the active use of resources of the World Wide Web by the teachers significantly increased the effectiveness of self-education of teachers of a foreign language. Internet services provide access to the latest socio-cultural, linguistic-cultural and other valuable information. [10] It is obvious that the role of the teacher is currently changing; the boundaries between him and the trainee are becoming transparent, which promotes cooperation. [1]The role of the learner increases, learner participates not only in obtaining knowledge, but also in its search, development, transformation into practical skills [1]. At the present stage of learning, the communicative approach of teaching plays an active role in the formation of adequate communication among students.
Communicative method implies a great activity of students.[4] The teacher's task in this case is involving all students of the class into conversation [3]. For better memorization and use of the language, all channels of perception must be loaded. The essence of the communicative method is to create real communication situations. When recreating the dialogue, the student has the opportunity to apply all the knowledge in practice that was gained before.[7] A very important advantage of the communicative method is that it has a huge variety of exercises: role games, dialogues, and simulation of real communication are used here [2]. Recently more and more teachers are using the project methodology in the process of teaching a foreign language as one of the modern productive creative approaches that successfully implement the main objectives of teaching a foreign language in the formation of communicative and speech skills, which are necessary for students to communicate in a foreign language. [8] The main purpose of the project method is to provide students with the opportunity acquiring knowledge independently in the process of solving practical tasks or problems that require the integration of knowledge from different subjects. [10] If we talk about the method of projects as a pedagogical technology, this technology involves a set of research, searching, problematic methods, which are creative in nature. The teacher in the project is assigned as a developer, coordinator, expert and consultant. This technology contributes to the development of the creative abilities of students and develops their imagination and curiosity. During the preparation of projects, the creative and intellectual potential of student is revealed.[12] The method of projects teaches to conduct a
research work, working in a team, conduct a discussion, solve problems. The project method can be used in teaching a foreign language on almost any topic, since the selection of subjects was carried out taking into account the practical importance for the student. [11] Here is the example of applying the project methodology while studying the topic «School»in English lessons. The common goal is to create a school project in which all the children would like to learn. The students are divided into groups based on the desires of the children to work together to solve a certain part of the overall task. Parts of the project are discussed in groups. [10] As a result, the following areas of work will be singled out: 1) the creation of a school building project, its design and school territory; 2) compiling rules for students and teachers of the school; 3) a description of the school day; 4) a description of extra-curricular activities of children; 5) a school uniform project. At one of the last lessons, the project will be protected by groups. Each group will make their presentation. Such tasks are very exciting for students, they feel responsibility for the performance of such work. At the same time, they master such skills as working with the Microsoft Power Point program, the ability to find interesting materials, illustrations. And at the very performance students learn to declare, develop their oratory skills, ability to prove and defend their point of view, spontaneously answer to the questions asked, they do not be afraid of public speaking and become self-confident.[13]
Conclusion. Another aspect of the human factor is the promotion of political enlightenment of citizens. When we say a mature person in all respects, we bring before our eyes a person who understands and deeply understands the universal changes taking place in our country and their importance, who understands his duty and his right, who is faith-righteous, intelligent, person. An event with a high human side of political culture can never be indifferent to events to events. Not only his own country, but also closely monitors international relations and processes taking place all over the world, having his own opinion on them, his own point-of-view.
References:
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7. Ikramovna, I. D., Mahmudjanovna, A. D., Mashrabjanovna, Y. N., & Axmatjanovna, Q. M. (2021). Using Innovation Technologies to Increase Intrinsic Motivation in ESP Classes. Design Engineering, 5305-5312.
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9. Иномидинова, Д. И. (2022). ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС ОПРЕДЕЛЯЕТСЯ И ЯВЛЯЕТСЯ ПРИЕМОМ ОБУЧЕНИЯ. Экономика и социум, (2-2 (93)), 641-644.
10. Ikramovna, I. D. (2023). ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR STUDENTS OF NON-PHILOLOGICAL UNIVERSITIES. Строительство и образование, 4(5-6), 167-173.
11. Inomiddinova, D. I. (2020). MODERN METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES. Мировая наука, (3 (36)), 63-66.
12. Inomiddinova, D. I. (2020). MODERN PROBLEMS OF LINGUISTICS AND METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Теория и практика современной науки, (3 (57)), 6-8.
13. Ikramovna, I. D. (2023). ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR STUDENTS OF NON-PHILOLOGICAL UNIVERSITIES. Строительство и образование, 4(5-6), 167-173.
