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27ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
INNOVATION POLICY OF THE COUNTRY AND ITS
MECHANISM
1 2 Kayimova Z.A. , Mardonova O.A.
1Kayimova Zumrad Abdullaevna - Senior Lecturer;
2Mardonova Ozoda Alievna - Student, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, BUKHARA STATE UNIVERSITY, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article deals with the innovation policy of the country and its mechanism. State innovation policy is mainly aimed at creating favorable economic, organizational, legal, informational and socio-psychological conditions for the implementation of innovative processes.
Keywords: innovation, innovation policy, economy, mechanism.
UDC 338.24
State innovation policy is a set of measures aimed at enhancing innovation, increasing its effectiveness and widespread use of results in order to accelerate the socio-economic development of the country and the most complete satisfaction of social needs.
It includes three stages, that is, the development of scientifically based concepts for the development of innovative activity - carried out on the basis of the analysis of the state of innovative potential; determination of the main directions of state support for innovation; the implementation of practical actions to achieve the goals aimed at increasing innovation activity.
First of all, it is necessary to ensure the accelerated development and targeted support of those industries and industries that have and can have high competitiveness in the world market and in the coming period may become the locomotives of economic growth, further modernization and diversification of the economy.
In innovation policy, it is necessary to distinguish two sides - strategic and tactical. The strategy of state innovation policy is formed on the basis of long-term concepts of socio-economic and socio-political development of the country. The choice of innovation policy strategy involves determining the main directions of state regulation of innovation and adopting methods for the development and use of scientific potential, establishing the main goals of innovative development in accordance with socioeconomic goals.
Tactics involves identifying current goals and specific measures ensuring the achievement of these goals with the greatest efficiency. Tactical means are funding for research and development, material and technical and information support, staffing, creation of legal and organizational conditions for the implementation of measures innovation development.
The effectiveness of state innovation policy, the methods of its formation and the main directions of innovation support is reflected to a certain extent in scientific and technical leadership. It manifests itself on an international scale: expanding the export of scientific and technical information results (licenses, patents, etc.), increasing the export of finished innovations, and providing wide-ranging free scientific and technical innovation assistance to other countries. Scientific and technical leadership is proof of the correctness of the chosen strategic course and tactical actions in the formation and implementation of state innovation policy. Scientific and technical leadership is the result of the right choice of research areas. The right choice should lead to leadership in those areas in which there is priority in development.
The last two areas are important in terms of the degree of state participation in supporting innovation. Indeed, the legal regulation of innovative processes is the exclusive prerogative of the state, and the regulation of international relations in the field of innovative processes is also mainly carried out by the state.
The market economy and the competitive environment require entrepreneurs to constantly introduce new innovative elements in their production activities. In the national economy, the need for innovation is growing steadily, however business entities participate in the financial support of innovation with varying degrees of activity.
Uzbekistan will largely be determined by the content of long-term strategies for scientific and technological development of the country and measures state support of private (including innovative entrepreneurship).
It is innovative entrepreneurship that can ensure the development of high-tech industries, create modern equipment for artisans, individual farmers, small entrepreneurs, increase the country's export potential for those types of high-tech products for which there are achievements world-class, reputable and recognized by the international community scientific and engineering schools, sustainable traditions. When forecasting the development of innovative entrepreneurship, you can use the analysis of its development abroad.
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