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ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF PEPTIDE COMPLEX OBTAINED FROM THE COD LIVER (GADIDAE) ON THE MODEL OF ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS IN THE RAT
© Rybakova A. V.2, Kovaleva M. A. 1, Kryshen K. L. 1, Avdeeva O. I. 1, Makarenko I. E. 1, Makarova M. N.1, Makarov V. G. 1
1St-Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy, Russia
2The St.-Petersburg state academy of veterinary medicine, Russia
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory activity of newly designed multipeptide complex (PC) obtained from the cod liver (Gadidae). PC is a standardized extract that contains peptides, phospholipids, free amino acids and micro-elements. Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are used extensively in study of pathogenesis of inflammation and the testing of potential anti-arthritic agents. One of the widely used models of RA is adjuvant arthritis in the rat. Experiment was performed on 60 female Wistar rats (180-220g) and was approved by the local ethical commission. RA was induced by subplantar injection into the right hind paw of 100 ^l complete Freund adjuvant (CFA, Sigma Aldrich). The pathological signs of RA was developed during the 21 days. Temperature of the paw, leucocytes in the blood were registrated to evaluate the pharmacological activity of the tested medicines. Chondro- and osteoprotective effects were evaluated by X-ray study. The experiment
rats were randomly divided into the six groups (n = 10) as follows: negative control group (normal rats without any treatment and RA pathology), positive control group (RA and with placebo treatment), RA+Alflutop (RA pathology with 0,1 mg/kg of anti-inflammatory medicine Al-flutop treatment), three groups of RA and PC treatment (RA pathology and PC in doses 0,1; 0,2 and 0,4 mg/kg treatment). Drug administration was performed by in-tramascular injection during 21 days (from the first day of experiment once a day). The results shown that PC in the dose of 0,1 mg/kg has the extensive anti-exsudative effect. Volume of the affected paw was reduced by 70 % compared with the control group. According X-ray analyse PC has hondro- and osteoprotective effects. Thus, the newly designed multipeptide complex (PC) obtained from the cod liver (Gadidae) have high antiinflammatory activity and is perspective candidat for the chronic inflammation treatment.
INGREDIENTS AND RAW MATERIALS FOR THE DESIGN OF LOW COST FOODS
© Mandic Anamarija, Ilic Nebojsa, Sakac Marijana, Mastilovic Jasna
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, E-mail: marijana.sakac@ fins.uns.ac.rs
Development of appealing, affordable and healthy food products that can prevent common nutritional problems in people at risk of poverty are the specific goals of the European Commission-funded project CHANCE (GA 266331). CHANCE project is focused to exploring low cost technologies and ingredients, such as by-products rich in fibre, protein and/or vitamins. To obtain the
high dietary fibre ingredients designed for application in meat products two additives were prepared from sugar beet pulp: non-treated fibre (NTF) and treated fibre (TF), and compared with the commercially available product (CAF). Apart from the functionality arising from the high dietary fibre content of the obtained additives, functionality related to the antioxidant activity has been shown to
Table 1. Total phenolic and ferulic acid content in extractable and nonextractable fractions (mg/100 g), (M ± m)
CAF TF NTR
Total phenolics in extractable fraction 21.9 ± 0.7a 8.4 ± 0.5a 27.2 ± 0.9a
Total phenolics in nonextractable fraction 391 ± 59c 109 ± 3b 265 ± 50d
Content of extractable ferulic acid 0.11 ± 0.03a 0.30 ± 0.10a 1.02 ± 0.2a
Content of nonextractable ferulic acid 305.1 ± 68.2c 102 ± 26b 255 ± 58d
Means in each row followed by the same superscript are not significantly different, P < 0.05.
ТОМ 10/2012/2 Obzory po kliniceskoj farmacologii i lekarstvennoj terapii [Reviews of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy] И ^^ 93
Table 2. Antioxidant activity of extractable and nonextractable fractions, expressed as iC50 (g sample/mL), (M ± m)
CAF TF NTR
DPPH activity of extractable fraction 0.89 ± 0.11c 1.93 ± 0.52e 1.12 ± 0.18d
DPPH activity of nonextractable fraction 0.02 ± 0.01a 0.14 ± 0.01b 0.07 ± 0.01ab
AOA activity of extractable fraction 2.45 ± 0.15c 4.84 ± 0.69e 3.21 ± 0.36d
AOA activity of nonextractable fraction 0.80 ± 0.32b 0.59 ± 0.06ab 0.34 ± 0.07a
Reducing activity of extractable fraction 0.27 ± 0.01c 1.01 ± 0.06e 0.48 ± 0.01d
Reducing activity of nonextractable fraction 0.03 ± 0.01a 0.13 ± 0.01b 0.06 ± 0.01a
Chelating activity of extractable fraction 0.22 ± 0.07a 0.47 ± 0.20c 1.24 ± 0.19b
Chelating activity of nonextractable fraction 0.29 ± 0.05a 0.18 ± 0.06a 1.13 ± 0.09b
Means in each row followed by the same superscript are not significantly different, P < 0.05
exist due to relatively high content of ferulic acid in sugar beet fibres (Table 1).
Most of the phenolic substances in the additives were found in nonextractable fractions, which have been
shown to possess significantly higher antioxidant activity than extractable fractions (Table 2).
The obtained results suggest the possibility for upgrading the functionality of meat products with incorpo-
rated NTF and TF additives, which is in line with the basic concept of CHANCE.
RESEARCHES ON TANNINS CONTAINING
MEDICINAL VEGETATIVE RAW MATERIALS STANDARDIZATION
© Samylina I. A., Grinko E. N.
First-Moscow State Medical University I. M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
Objective of the study was standartisation of medicinal vegetative raw material (MVRM) containing tannins. The objects of research were oak and viburnum bark; bistort, bergenia, tormentil and sanguisorba rhizomes; bilberry, bird cherry and alder fruit; sumag and smoke tree leaf. The microscopic, chromotographic, UV-, infrared- and Raman-spectro-scopic characteristics of plant material were done. Tannins were determined by HPLC, UV-spectroscopy, potentiometric titration. The possibility of collagen 1 % solutions application as a tannins sedimentation reagent was investigated. The quantitative method of the tannins definition in plants
material was developed and patented. UV-, infrared-and Raman-spectroscopic characteristics for 11 types of MVRM and 8 standard samples (glucose, starch, fructose, tannin, pyrogallol, gallic and ellagic acids, rutine) were recorded and described. The spectra are recommended for identification of powders of raw materials. We've studied the diagnostic signs variability of MVRM at crushing. The anatomic and diagnostic signs of crushed and powdered raw materials were specified. The most variability elements (bunches and their parts, mechanical fibers, the oxalate calcium crystals chains; conglomerates of stony cages and fibers) were revealed and described: and also the signs, allowing to identify powders of similar types of raw materials.
94 ® Obzory po kliniceskoj farmacologii i lekarstvennoj terapii [Reviews of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy] ТОМ 10/2012/2
