CC BY
15Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
INFLUENCE OF SUFFIXES AND PREFIXES ON WORD MEANING IN
In this article we will talk about common suffixes and prefix suffixes in English. They are cases of how to change the meaning and shape of a word as well as examples to show the use of suffixes and prefix suffixes.
Keywords: suffix, prefix, word-making suffixes, form, linguistic system, word categories;
В этой статье мы поговорим о распространенных суффиксах и префиксных суффиксах в английском языке. Это примеры того, как изменить значение и форму слова, а также примеры, показывающие использование суффиксов и префиксных суффиксов.
Ключевые слова: суффикс, префикс, словообразовательные суффиксы, форма, языковая система, категории слов;
INTRODUCTION
Adverbs in English, elements of the word after the root. They help us form new words. Some adverbs change the part of the sentence, for example, turning the verb into a noun. Changing the shape of a word, one should also not forget about adverbs that do not affect its meaning.
Making any word in the English language is like a children's game "delicacy". In addition, having understood the principles of making new words using prepositions and suffixes, a language learner can easily translate words, form a nation.
MAIN PART
It turns out that it is absolutely not necessary to set a record for the number of words studied. Indeed, in English, there is a concept of "one-root words", which differ from each other only in suffixes and prefixes. Therefore, knowing, for example, the meaning of the verb paint (paint, paint), you can easily understand that an artist is an artist.
Speakers see some English suffixes as endings. For example, the-ed suffix is called the suffix, which ends in some English textbooks. All suffixes in English are
ENGLISH
Artikova Aziza Azamat kizi
Faculty of foreign Philology of Urgench State University, Teacher of English language at school No. 38, Urgench district.
ABSTRACT
АННОТАЦИЯ
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
divided into two large groups: formative and word-making. Thanks to the first, the word does not change its meaning, but only changes its shape.
Word-making suffixes in English often form a new word with a different meaning, although similar to the meaning of the original word. For example, a neighbor (neighbor) is a neighborhood (neighborhood).
In English, one word can not be so much. This is due to the fact that in English, many grammatical meanings of a word, such as verb tense, are expressed not by the word itself, but through various auxiliary elements (articles, auxiliary verbs, etc.). In English, the adjective favorite (favorite) may not change at all, but we will assume its exact form from the context (environment): This is my favorite book (This is my favorite). favorite book). - He is my favorite writer (he is my favorite writer).
In English, word-making suffixes contribute to the formation of a number of nouns. We owe them the appearance of the name of many professions. The list of suffixes for names is quite extensive.
In English, a huge number of adjectives are formed from nouns and verbs. Some suffixes are used to make both nouns and adjectives (for example,- al,- ing). But most of the suffixes we see are not found in nouns and verbs with the "what" fragment. Let's consider the use of suffixes in relation to words in the following cases.
l.Suffixes-land (- or). It is used to make a noun from additional verbs (in the infinitive case, the doer denotes the person who performs this action. When reading words of such a derivative, it is important to remember that the addition of stress no and is therefore pronounced as a neutral sound.
2 .Suffixes-ist .It is a very common addition, whether professionals, community supporters or scientific direction. It can be attached to nouns and adjectives.
Task 2. Read and give Russian equivalents.
Specialist [s "spejslist], naturalist [s"n^tjrelist], scientist [s"saisntist], chemist [s"kemist], economist, "botanist", "moralist".
3 .Suffixes-ian .Nouns with this suffix indicate nationality or career and profession, for example: Russian ["rAjsn] - Russian, academic [s, k^ds" mijsn] -academic, musician. Darwinist-Darwinist. Words formed by adding an addition-ian, can also be translated as an adjective.
4.Suffix -ity (spelling options-ety ,-chin ) makes an abstract noun with the meaning of status, quality, status. Suffix - ity corresponds to the suffix - porch , for example: able (able) - ability [s "biliti] ability; active (active) - activity [^k" tiviti] activity, activity; real (real, justified, effective) - validity efficiency, fairness, legality, validity.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
5 Suffix-ing makes a noun from verbs, for example: meet (meet) - meet ["mi: tig] meet, continue (continue) - continuing practice, proceedings, works, notes (scientific society).
6. Suffix-hood makes a horse in the meaning of" status, position, quality", for example: child (child) - childhood ["tjaildhud] childhood, male (male) - masculinity ["m^nhud] masculinity.
7. Suffix -ment makes a horse that denotes an action, for example: to act (to act) - action ["mu: vmant] - action. Some words with this suffix take on the meaning of a set of objects, for example: equipment [' "kwipmant] equipment.
8. Suffix - like makes a horse in the meaning of "State, quality", for example: Dark (Dark) - Dark ["da: knis] dark, good (good) - good ["gudnis] kindness, great (great) - greatness ["greitnis] greatness.
Prefixes in English are also used to create a word. They can change the meaning of a word, but in most cases they do not change the part of speech. Most often they are attached to verbs, adjectives, nouns, participles.
From the very beginning of the word formation, the place of the preposition as a branch of the science of language in the system of linguistics sa and other issues prefixes was repeatedly considered, but did not arouse much interest.
There are no clear rules for adding prefixes, since English prefixes are derived from French, Greek and Latin. Therefore, words with prefixes and their meaning are remembered separately. But knowing about prefixes will help you memorize new words faster.
Prefixes or prefixes in English are used to create a word. They can change the meaning of a word, but in most cases they do not change the part of speech. Most often they are attached to verbs, adjectives, nouns, participles.
There are no clear rules for adding prefixes, since English prefixes are derived from French, Greek and Latin. Therefore, words with prefixes and their meaning are remembered separately. But knowing about prefixes will help you memorize new words faster.
The prefixes Un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, a-, non-, dis-, as well as copper - are used to form the negation form of a word or its antonym. Most often they are associated with adjectives. In a sentence, they can be replaced by a particle of not negation.
The prefix Un - is often used and is attached to words that begin with a vowel and a consonant letter.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
unable - be able helpless - useless unknown - unknown uncomfortable -uncomfortable unfinished - unfinished - be able to help - useful known - known convenient - convenient finished-finished.
The in-prefix is used with vowels (except i and it) and words that begin with consonants.
clear ^ wrong organic ^ inorganic fit ^ wrong smart ^ crazy The prefix Im-is added only to words that begin with consonants m and P. moral ^ immoral (immoral) mobile ^ Immobile (immovable) possible ^ impossible (impossible)polite ^ obscene (obscene)
The prefix Il-is added only to words that begin with the consonant L. legal ^ illegal (illegal)
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that suffixes and prefixes in the English language change a certain meaning to a word when it is added to it mumkin.Ba in zi cases, however, the word composition can also come to look completely different. It can be seen that English is a much richer word in terms of word composition.
REFERENCES
1. Antonenko N.V. Semantic power-a kind of prefix pronunciations of the Berlucchi cores of water (re -, over -, under-prefixes based on modern English): Sciences. SPB., 2001 year.
2. Belyaeva T.M. derivative Valence is the nature of the feel cores in the Inglis language. M.: High school, 1979.
3. Petrochenkov A.V. English for business special purposes. English-Russian dictionary noah Business Dictionary. M.: Good book, 2007. SPB.: Litera, 2010. 64 s.
4. Economics. Tolkoviy slovar. URL: http:// dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/econ_dict/14998 (data Abra-tsheniya: 18.07.2013).
5. Gazial H. Handbuch der Englischen Wortbildungslehre. Heidelberg, C. Winter,
6. Kruisinga E. Present-Day English of a Handbook. P. II. English evidence and Syntax, 1932. Groningen : P. Naordhoff, 1932.
1937.
