CC BY
19
UDK 808.5
Nishonova S. A.
Besharik region № 9 school Uzbekistan, Ferghana city INFLUENCE OF NATIVE LANGUAGE ON FOREIGN LANGUAGE
LEARNING
Annotation: This article is devoted to the features of the use of the native language in the process of teaching a foreign language. The process of learning foreign language speech is inextricably linked with the problem of interaction of two language systems in the mind of the speaker. All mental processes of students, their mental activity are closely related to the native language, its phonetic, grammatical and lexical system.
Key words: speaking, foreign language, learning process.
At present, the problem of early learning is becoming more and more relevant. In many ways, it seems to us, this is due not so much to the development of pedagogy and methods of teaching various disciplines and subjects, but with fashion trends and trends among parents. Nevertheless, the problem of early learning is actively studied by modern scientists: psychologists, teachers, methodologists. The problems of early learning of a foreign language for children are particularly controversial. It may seem that this question is quite new and has only just begun to be studied, but if we look at the history of the development of pedagogical thought, we will see that the problems of early learning a foreign language have been considered for several centuries.
The study of languages has become such an urgent issue in the life of every nation that Gyote in this regard said "who does not know any foreign language, he does not know his own" [1] the early introduction of a second language allows tolerant of people speaking another language and not to feel fear of entering into communication in new conditions. First, the language forms the speech habits of the speaker and affects the mastery of the second language, passing on its features. V.A.Vinogradov in the famous book "Linguistic foundations of mastering a second language" shows how one language can influence another: some characteristics are easier to learn than others, because they are familiar, others are indistinguishable, because they are absent in the native language, others are represented by several options, while in the native language for them there is only one, and versa, etc. [2]
Learning a foreign language, focused exclusively on comparing it with the native, somewhat violates the natural process of comprehension of foreign language culture. In the process of learning a foreign language, we can draw certain Parallels with the native language and then the learning process will be less complicated. The positive influence of the native language on the formation of similar language and speech skills is called transference. At the same time, we often encounter such linguistic phenomena that either have no analogues in the native language, or are used in different ways. In this case, there is a negative phenomenon of interference. In the process of learning foreign and native languages come into close contact. But
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Uzbek and English are not closely related languages, there are many significant differences between the systems of these languages. Therefore, there is a question about the correct use of the native language in the study of a foreign language, the inadmissibility of excessive or, conversely, insufficient use of the native language.
In order to express an idea in a foreign language, it is not enough to know a certain number of English words. It is necessary to have at least elementary ideas about the syntactic structure of the sentence and be able to design them yourself. Without the ability to construct sentences from individual words, it is impossible to Express an idea either orally or in writing. Many English syntactic constructions differ in structure from those in the native language. This discrepancy makes it difficult to study. Under the influence of these factors, various errors are made. In order to minimize them, it is necessary to skillfully and competently correct them, as well as to anticipate such errors and prevent their occurrence in advance. Currently, it is almost impossible not to take into account and not to use the native language when studying a foreign language. It happens unintentionally, spontaneously, naturally. In my opinion, the principle of taking into account the native language is one of the most important in teaching a foreign language. Leading methodologists especially advise to use it in teaching children of primary and secondary school age, as well as those who first start learning a foreign language.
Application of the principle of taking into account the native language in the study of a foreign language - one of the most effective and efficient principles of foreign language teaching, it should be applied at different stages of language learning. This principle allows students to most clearly see the subtleties of learning a foreign language, deeply imbued with the culture of the target language. This principle allows the teacher to explain the material freely, using the comparison of Uzbek and English grammar, phonetics, vocabulary, phraseology, culture. The principle of accounting for the native language like no other principle helps in teaching a foreign language. Currently, it is almost impossible not to take into account and not to use the native language when studying a foreign language. It happens unintentionally, spontaneously, naturally. Uzbek and foreign language lessons at the initial stages of learning a foreign language, we speak with students in their native language (in Uzbek), explain all the rules in Uzbek, try to draw analogies with the Uzbek language, use exercises based on the native language.
In high school there is a comparison of native and studied languages, comparison of phenomena, structures and constructions. Of course, students have most of the lesson speak and write in a foreign language, but the native language cannot be ignored. Explanation of grammatical structures, lexical units, phraseological units, ways of translation - all this cannot rely on the native language of students. The principle of accounting for the native language is used in different areas: bilingual education, specially organized approaches to the study of a foreign language, based on the account of the native, various exercises, games and translations, focused on the comparison of the native language with a foreign one. One can observe a number of pros and cons of this principle, noted by various Methodists and linguists in their works.
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However, nowadays we use it almost everywhere, and the role of the native language in the study of a foreign language is undoubtedly very, very great. In view of the above, we can conclude that the native language plays a significant role in the study of a foreign language. In today's globalized society, the dialogue of cultures is more important than ever, which makes us change our attitude to a foreign-speaking country and its linguistic phenomena. In the course of learning a foreign language, the student, based on the native language, forms its own independent language system, which has the main features of the native language and the studied non-native, ie, a foreign language. The student, relying on his native linguistic and cultural experience, consistently, step by step, moves to master the system of a non-native language.
References:
1. R.Esxag. Influence of native language on foreign language acquisition. Educational motivation of schoolchildren // Young scientist. - 2017. - No. 7. - P. 511-517
2. E.Protasov. Methods of teaching foreign language to preschoolers: textbook. // Humanitarian. ed. VLADOS center, Moscow, 2010.
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