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9сельскохозяйственные исследования
agricultural sciences
DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-5-111-133 UDC 631.811.98 + 581.091
INFLUENCE OF GROWTH STIMULANTS RIBAV-EXTRAAND EPIN-EXTRA ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF KHINGHAN FIR (ABIES NEPHROLEPIS (TRAUTV.) MAXIM.)
V.Yu. Ostroshenko, L.Yu. Ostroshenko
Khinghanfir (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.) is the most common species among the conifers of Primorsky Krai. It plays an important role in forest consumption. However, forestfires and logging lead to a reduction in the range of this species. Thanks to the use of growth stimulants, it is possible to accelerate the restoration of the Far Eastern fir. The aim of the research was to study the effect of the growth stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra on germinative energy, laboratory seed germination and morphometric parameters of sprouts (length and weight) of Khinghan fir (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.). According to GOSTS, the experiments were carried out in four repetitions in seven different concentrations of solutions (1*10-3 - 1*7х10-3 ml/l). Control - seeds soaked in distilled water. The length of sprouts was measured with the use of an electronic caliper. The mass of sprouts was weighed on an electronic balance. The conducted studies showed, that Ribav-Extra had the greatest effect on sowing qualities of seeds (germinative energy and laboratory germination) at the solution concentrations of 1*2*Ш3-1*7*103 ml/l, amounting to 4-16% (excess to the control - 21.2-384.8%). For laboratory germination (21.4-33.1%) - at the concentrations of 1^3^10-3-1^6^10-3 ml/l (excess to the control - 127.7-252.1%). Epin-Extra showed a more active effect on the energy of seed germination with the solution concentrations of 1^2^10-3-1^6^10-3 ml/l, amounting to 4-16%. Excess to the control - 21.2-384.8%. The concentration of solutions 1*3х10-3 - 1*5х10-3 ml/l had a positive effect on laboratory germination of seeds (13-33%), exceeding the control by 38.3-251.1%. An increase in seed quality classes was noted: from the third to the second andfirst. These stimulants also
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proved to be effective for increasing the biometric parameters of sprouts (length and weight). Thus, a significant effect of Ribav-Extra on the increase in the length of sprouts was noted at the concentrations of 1^10~3-1^6^10~3 ml/l (excess to the control - 7.7-50%); in Epin-Extra - with the solutions of 1*4*10-3-1x7x10-3 ml/l, exceeding the control by 7.7-40%. Ribav-Extra had a positive effect on the increase in the mass of sprouts in all concentrations of solutions (excess to the control - 5.179.5%). Epin-Extra is less effective.
Keywords: Khinghan fir; growth stimulants; Ribav-Extra; Epin-Extra; germi-native energy; laboratory germination; length of sprouts; weight of sprouts
For citation. Ostroshenko V.Yu., Ostroshenko L.Yu. Influence of Growth Stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra on the Germination of Seeds of Khinghan Fir (Abies Nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.). Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture, 2022, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 111-133. DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-5-111-133
ВЛИЯНИЕ СТИМУЛЯТОРОВ РОСТА РИБАВ-ЭКСТРА И ЭПИН-ЭКСТРА НА ПРОРАСТАНИЕ СЕМЯН ПИХТЫ ПОЧКОЧЕШУЙНОЙ (БЕЛОКОРОЙ) (ABIES NEPHROLEPIS (TRAUTV.) MAXIM.)
В.Ю. Острошенко, Л.Ю. Острошенко
Пихта почкочешуйная (белокорая) (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.) - наиболее распространенный вид среди хвойнъх пород Приморского края. Выполняет значимую роль в лесопотреблении. Однако лесные пожары и рубка леса приводят к сокращению ареала данного вида. Благодаря применению стимуляторов роста возможно ускоренное восстановление дальневосточной пихты. Целью исследований являлось изучение влияния стимуляторов роста Рибав-Экстра и Эпин-Экстра на энергию прорастания, лабораторную всхожесть семян и мор-фометрические показатели проростков (длину и массу) пихты почкочешуйной (белокорой). Опыты проводили в соответствии с ГОСТ в четырех повторностях в семи различный: концентрациях растворов (1^10-3 -1^7^10-3 мл/л). Контроль -семена, замоченные в дистиллированной воде. Электронным штангенциркулем замеряли длину проростков, их массу определяли на электронный: весах.
Проведенные исследования показали, что на посевные качества семян (энергию прорастания и лабораторную всхожесть) наибольший эффект оказал Рибав-Экстра при концентрациях растворов 1^2^10-3-1^7^10-3 мл/л,
составив 4-16% (превышение к контролю - 21,2-384,8%). На лабораторную всхожесть (21,4-33,1%) - при концентрациях 1310-3-1610-3 мл/л (превышение к контролю - 127,7-252,1%). Эпин-Экстра более активное влияние на показатели энергии прорастания семян показал при растворах концентрациями 1х2х10-3-1х6х10-3мл/л, составив 4-16%. Превышение к контролю -21,2-384,8%. На лабораторную всхожесть семян (13-33%) положительный эффект оказали концентрации растворов 1*3х10~3 - 1*5х10~3 мл/л, превышая контроль на 38,3-251,1%. Отмечено повышение классов качества семян: с третьего - до второго и первого. Указанные стимуляторы также оказались эффективны для нарастания биометрических показателей проростков (длины и массы). Так, на нарастание длины проростков существенное влияние Рибава-Экстра отмечалось при концентрациях 1^10~3-1^6^10~3 мл/л (превышение к контролю 7,7-50%); у Эпина-Экстра - при растворах 1х4х 10-3-1х 7х 10-3мл/л, превышая контроль на 7,7-40%. На нарастание массы проростков Рибав-Экстра положительно повлиял во всех концентрациях растворов, превысив контроль на 5,1-79,5%. Эпин-Экстра менее эффективен.
Ключевые слова: пихта почкочешуйная (белокорая); стимуляторы роста; Рибав-Экстра; Эпин-Экстра; энергия прорастания; лабораторная всхожесть; длина проростков; масса проростков
Для цитирования. Острошенко В.Ю., Острошенко Л.Ю. Влияние стимуляторов роста Рибав-Экстра и Эпин-Экстра на прорастание семян пихты почкочешуйной (белокорой) (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.) // Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture. 2022. Т. 14, №5. С. 111-133. DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2022-14-5-111-133
Introduction
Khinghan fir (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.) is the most common species among conifers of the forest fund of Primorsky Krai. It grows mainly on mountain slopes, which gives it the importance of a mountain-reinforcing and water-regulating tree species. It rises to the mountains up to 1200 m. Fir wood is less valuable among the conifers of the Far East, but in the presence of its reserves it plays a significant role in forest consumption. It is widely used as sawing and construction logs, poles, box containers, plaster shingles. It is used in medicine, landscape construction. However, emerging forest fires and deforestation lead to a reduction in the range of this species [31]. Currently, fir occupies 427.4 thousand ha [24].
In this regard, it is necessary to take measures for its conservation and reproduction. One of the methods of restoring Khinghan fir is the creation of forest
plantations, for the laying of which high-quality planting material is needed, grown in forest nurseries. It can be obtained through the use of growth stimulants. Recently, growth stimulants have been actively used in agriculture of Russia and abroad. In the forest industry, their use is carried out on an experimental basis [10, 29, 34, 36-38, 40-41].
Scientific novelty of the study - the effect of growth stimulants of natural (Ribav-Extra) and synthetic (Epin-Extra) origin on the germination of Khing-han fir seeds has been studied for the first time.
Ribav-Extra is a product of the vital activity of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from ginseng roots by biotechnological means and contains a unique natural complex (amino acids, phytohormones, vitamins), which, in negligibly small doses, activates all processes of plant life. Ribav-Extra is an analogue of the drug "Symbiont". The active substance of the drug Ribav-Extra: 0.00125 g/l L-alanine + 0.00196 g/l L-glutamic acid [30].
It has been established, that Ribav-Extra has a positive effect on seed germination, growth and development of plants [5], their productivity [27]; contributes to the activation of rooting and growth parameters in green cuttings [19, 25]; increases the heat resistance of sprouts [15]; affects the number and size of leaves [18]; increases the yield of planting material per unit area [25], etc.
The growth stimulator Epin-Extra - is a synthetic analogue of natural phy-tohormone. The active substance of the drug is epibrassinolide; belongs to the class of brassinosteroids, natural plant hormones. Its mechanism of action is to activate its own phytohormones in plants. It is epibrassinolide that causes the activation of biological processes in plants, literally saving them from illness, old age and at the time of stress [30].
The active influence of this drug on germinative energy, laboratory germination of seeds, as well as an increase in the morphometric parameters of seedlings was revealed [11]; increase in antibacterial action [1], stress resistance and productivity of plants [4], safety and survival [12], their productivity [35]; acceleration of the terms of vegetative reproduction [13]; plant resistance to a complex of phytopathogens [16], etc.
Objective
The object of the work was to study the effect of these growth stimulants on sowing qualities of seeds and morphometric parameters of sprouts of Khinghan fir.
The following tasks are set in the article:
- to study the effect of the growth stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra on germinative energy and laboratory germination of Khinghan fir seeds;
- to study the influence of these stimulants on length and weight of Khing-han fir seed sprouts.
Materials and methods
The object of research was the seeds of Khinghan fir, harvested in the southern part of Primorsky Krai in October 2019. Before the start of the experiment, cold stratification of seeds was not carried out. Identification of the stimulating effect of growth stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOSTS [7, 8].
For germination, externally undamaged seeds were selected, which were soaked for 20 hours in solutions of growth stimulants. The experiments consisted of 7 variants (the concentrations of the drug and water solutions were: 1X10-3; 1x2x10-3; 1x3x10-3; 1x4x10-3; 1x5x10-3; 1x6x10-3; 1x7x10-3 ml/l and the control group - seeds soaked in distilled water). The ratio of the volume of seeds and solution is 1:5. All experiments were performed in four repetitions. Germination of seeds was carried out in a thermostat TS-80 "KZMA" - electric, dry-air, manufactured at the Kazan plant of medical equipment. Seeds prepared for the experiments, 100 pieces each, were laid out in Petri dishes on a wet bed consisting of 4 layers of filter paper. The bed for seed germination was kept humid, periodically moistening the filter paper with distilled water. Seed germination temperature - 20-30 ° C. Seeds were counted on the 7th, 10th, 15th, 20th, and 25th days. On the days of recording, for each variant of the experiment, seeds that were not normally germinated, healthy, empty, decayed, steamed, pest-infested were selected [22].
The main information about indicators of Khinghan fir seeds feed by growth stimulants in different solution concentrations and on the control (soaked in distilled water) is presented (Table 1).
Germinative energy was determined as the percentage of fully germinated seeds on the 10th day after the start of the experiment. Laboratory seed germination was established as the percentage of seeds, that germinated during the experiment, i.e. in 25 days. It was calculated as the sum of the germination of four repetitions, divided by 4.
The seed quality classes were determined. Due to the absence of requirements in GOSTs for determining the quality classes of Khinghan fir seeds, the indicators adopted for a tree species that grows in a region similar in biological features and similar in terms of growing conditions - Sakhalin fir (Abies sachalinensis Fr. Schmidt) (OST 56-27-77) were used [20]. The length of sprouts was measured with the use of an electronic caliper. The mass of sprouts
was weighed on an electronic balance. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2007 [22]. To calculate the significance of differences between the experimental and control variants, the Student's t-test formula was used for a disconnected sample [9, 22].
Table 1.
The influence of growth stimulants on the indicators of Khinghan fir seeds
Experiment variants Indicators of seeds
Abnormally germinated Healthy Empty Decayed Steamed Pest-infested
Control (seeds, soaked in distilled water) Number of seeds, %
28,0 28,0 30,0 2,0 2,0 1,0
Ribav-Extra (1x10-3 ml/l) 30,0 30,0 29,0 1,0 2,0 -
Ribav-Extra (1x2x10-3 ml/l) 26,0 27,0 36,0 1,0 1,0 -
Ribav-Extra (1x3x10-3 ml/l) 24,0 26,0 26,0 1,0 1,0 -
Ribav-Extra (1x4x10-3 ml/l) 25,0 24,0 24,0 1,0 - -
Ribav-Extra (1x5x10-3 ml/l) 23,0 21,0 22,0 1,0 - -
Ribav-Extra (1x6x10-3 ml/l) 29,0 26,0 24,0 - - -
Ribav-Extra (1x7x10-3 ml/l) 36,0 31,0 24,0 - - -
Epin-Extra (1x10-3 ml/l) 32,0 23,0 30,0 4,0 3,0 1,0
Epin-Extra (1x2x10-3 ml/l) 31,0 23,0 27,0 6,0 4,0 -
Epin-Extra (1x3x10-3 ml/l) 25,0 29,0 25,0 4,0 3,0 1,0
Epin-Extra (1x4x10-3 ml/l) 12,0 21,0 29,0 2,0 2,0 1,0
Epin-Extra (1x5x10-3 ml/l) 22,0 24,0 31,0 1,0 2,0 1,0
Epin-Extra (1x6x10-3 ml/l) 31,0 25,0 28,0 4,0 3,0 -
Epin-Extra (1x7x10-3 ml/l) 28,0 26,0 30,0 5,0 2,0 1,0
Results
Ribav-Extra
Ribav-Extra had a positive influence on germinative energy of Khinghan fir when using the solution concentrations of 1x2x10-3 - 1x7*10"3 ml/l, at which it comprised 4-16% (excess to the control - 21.2-384.8%). The concentration of 1x10-3 ml/l produced a weak influence on seed germination, reducing the percentage of control by 6.1%.
The solution concentrations of 1x3xl0-3 - 1x6xio-3 ml/l had a positive effect on laboratory germination (21.4-33.1%) (excess to the control - 127.7-252.1%). The differences with the control group are significant: tfact > ttable at P = 0.01%.
The solution concentrations of 1x10-3 - 1x2x10-3 and 1x7x10-3 ml/l produced an inhibitory effect on laboratory germination, reducing the indicators of germinating compared to the control by 1.1-12.8%.
The growth stimulator Ribav-Extra had a positive effect on the growth of sprouts along the length at the solution concentrations of 1x10-3 - 1x6x10-3 ml/l, at which the excess to the control was 7.7-50%. Significant differences with the control were observed: tfact> ttable at P = 0.05% and P = 0.01%. The solution concentration of 1x7x10-3 ml/l is less effective (Fig. 1).
Solution concentrations, ml/l Fig. 1. Influence of the growth stimulator Ribav-Extra on germinative energy and laboratory germination of Khinghan fir seeds
On the 25th day of accounting, a decrease in the rate of germination in relation to the control by 15.4% was noted. All concentrations of solutions had a positive effect on the growth of the mass of sprouts.
The excess in relation to the control was 5.1-79.5%. Significant differences with the control were noted: tfact > ttable at P = 0.05% and P = 0.01%.
Epin-Extra
The stimulator Epin-Extra had a positive effect on the sowing qualities of Khinghan fir seeds.
Active influence on the energy of seed germination (4-16%) was exerted by the concentrations of solutions 1x2x10-3 - 1x6x10-3 ml/l (excess to the control -21.2-384.8%). Higher and lower concentrations of solutions are not effective (decrease to the control - 9.1%).
The concentrations of solutions 1x3x10-3 - 1x5x10-3 ml/l had a positive effect on laboratory germination of seeds (13-33%), exceeding the control by
38.3-251.1%. The differences with the control are significant: t005 = 3.2 > t 2.45, t_ = 9.2 > tst = 3.71 and t0 05 = 3 . 5 > tst = 2.45 (Fig. 2).
Solution concentrations, ml/1 Fig. 2. Influence of the growth stimulator Epin-Extra on germinative energy and laboratory germination of Khinghan fir seeds
The concentrations of solutions 1x10-3 - 1x2x10-3 and 1x6x10-3 - 1x7x10-3 ml/l had an inhibitory effect on laboratory seed germination, amounting to 7.19.2 % (reduction to the control - 2.1-24.5%).
When using the growth stimulator Epin-Extra, a more effective influence of the drug on the increase in the length of sprouts was observed at the concentrations of solutions 1x4x10-3 - 1x7x10-3 ml/l. Excess to the control - 7,7-40%.
In the first days of accounting, significant differences with the control were noted at P = 0.05% and P = 0.01%. The concentrations of 1x10-3 - 1x3x10-3 are not effective. The decrease to the control was 7.7-23.1%. On some days of accounting, significant differences with the control are observed: tf > t ble at P = 0.05%.
A positive effect on the increase in the mass of sprouts was noted: at the solution concentration of 1x2x10-3 ml/l - on the 7th and 20th days of accounting; at the concentrations of 1x3x10-3 - 1x7x10-3 ml/l - on the 7th day. Excess to the control - 7.7-17.9%.
At the concentration of 1x4x10-3 ml/l, the differences with the control are significant: t005 = 3.0 > tst = 2.45. A decrease to the control by 2.3-68.2% was noted. Differences with the control are significant at the concentrations of solutions 1x4x10-3 - 1x5x10-3 and 1x7x10-3 ml/l on the 15th day, and at the concentration of 1x6x10-3 ml/l on the 15th and 25th days: tft > ttbl at P = 0.05% and P = 0.01%.
Discussion
We have analyzed the effect of growth stimulants of natural (Ribav-Extra) and synthetic origin (Epin-Extra) on sowing qualities of seeds (germinative energy and laboratory germination) and morphometric parameters (length and weight) of sprouts of Khinghan fir - a local tree species, common on the territory of Primorsky Krai. Seeds soaked in distilled water were tested as a control.
The positive effect of these growth stimulants on the germination of seeds of various agricultural crops is highlighted in the literature. So Kurkina Yu.N. claimed that the treatment of seeds of beans with the stimulant Epin-Extra enhances their germination and has a significant impact on germinative energy and laboratory germination [14]. The treatment of tomato (Solanum lycopersi-cum L.) seeds with this preparation also contributed to the improvement of their sowing qualities [6]. The stimulating effect of Epin-Extra on the physiological parameters of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) is also described by Reshet-nik G.V [26]. It has been proven that the use of stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra has a positive effect on the germination of seeds of victorious onion (Allium victorialis L.) and bear onion (Allium ursinum L.) [28]. The positive effect of these stimulants on the development of watercress (Lepidium sativum L.) plants has been documented by Brovchenko K.R. [3]. An active effect of these preparations on improving the quality of seedlings of Rhodiola rosea L. has been established: height, length of the underground part, number of shoots, total wet and dry mass of plants [2].
The effect of these growth stimulants on the seeds of coniferous tree species has been studied experimentally. Thus, Usov V.N. et al. studied the effect of stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra on the growth energy and germination of seeds of omatsu (Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zucc.). It was found that Rib-av-Extra had the greatest effect compared to Epin-Extra [32]. It was noted that these preparations increase seed germination and rooting of juniper (Juniperus L.) cuttings [17]. The effect of Epin-Extra on the growth of roots of Scots pine seedlings (Pinus sylvestris L.) was studied by Ustinova T.S. [33].
In this study, we analyzed the effect of stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Ex-tra in seven different concentrations of solutions on the germination of Khing-han fir seeds. The results of the experiments depended on the stimulant used and the concentration of its solution. The greatest positive effect of the stimulator Ribav-Extra was revealed in comparison with Epin-Extra. The stimulator Ribav-Extra demonstrated a positive effect on the energy of seed germination at the concentrations of 1-2-10-3-1-7-10-3 ml/l, on laboratory germination at the concentrations of 1310-3-16^10-3 ml/l. Epin-Extra showed a more active effect
on the energy of seed germination with the solution concentrations of 1-2-103-1-6-10-3 ml/l. Laboratory germination increased at the solutions of 13 10-31-5-10-3 ml/l. It has been established, that the treatment with these preparations leads to an increase in seed quality classes: from the third to the second and first. A significant effect of Ribav-Extra on the growth of sprout length was noted at the concentrations of 110-3-1610-3 ml/l; in Epin-Extra - with the solutions of 1-4-10-3-1-7-10-3 ml/l. Ribav-Extra had a positive effect on the increase in the mass of seedlings in all concentrations of solutions. Epin-Extra is less effective.
Previously, we also conducted experiments to test these preparations at the same solution concentrations for germinative energy, laboratory seed germination and biometric indicators of sprouts of other economically valuable Far Eastern coniferous species: Scots pine, omatsu and Manchurian fir (Abies ho-lophylla Maxim.). A high positive effect of these stimulants has been proven.
Thus, during the germination of Scots pine seeds, the greatest positive effect of the growth stimulator Ribav-Extra on the seed germinative energy was observed at the solution concentrations of 13 10-3 and 1-5-10-3 ml/l, amounting to 76-78% and on indicators of laboratory germination when using the concentrations of 14T0-3 and 1-5-10-3 ml/l, where it was 90.1-93%. Excesses to the control, respectively: 11.8-14.7 and 15.1-18.8% [22]. The growth stimulator Epin-Extra was less effective. Thus, at the concentrations of 1310-3 and 1-5-10-3 ml/l, the seed germinative energy was 69-71% [21]. Excess to the control - by 1.5-4.4%. Seed germination reached 81-83%, which exceeded the control by 3.4-6%.
In omatsu, the stimulator Ribav-Extra did not have a significant positive effect on the energy of seed germination. However, its active effect on laboratory germination was noted at the solution concentrations of 1410-3 - 1^10-3 ml/l, at which it amounted to 92.3-95.3%, exceeding the control by 6.1-9.5% [23]. When using the drug Epin-Extra with the concentration of 1410-3 ml/l, germinative energy and laboratory germination were 84 and 96%. Excesses to the control - 12 and 10.3%.
In Manchurian fir, Ribav-Extra had a positive influence on germinative energy at all tested solution concentrations; on laboratory germination - at the solution concentrations of 13 10-3 - 1610-3 ml/l, comprising at germinative energy: 13.3-21.3% (excess to control - 33-113%) and laboratory germination - 43.153%, exceeding the control by 12.2-38% [39]. Epin-Extra is less effective. The concentrations of 13 10-3 - 1-7-10-3 ml/l had the greatest effect on germinative energy, comprising 12-15%, exceeding the control by 20-50%; on laboratory germination - the solutions 14^10-3 - 1-5-10-3 ml/l, comprising 41.2-44%, which
exceeded the control by 7.3-14.6%. The concentrations of 1-3T0-3 - 1-7-10-3 ml/l had the greatest effect on germinative energy, comprising 12-15%, exceeding the control by 20-50%; on laboratory germination - the solutions of 14^10-3 -1-5T0-3 ml/l, comprising 41,2-44%, which exceeded the control by 7,3-14,6%.
These stimulants also proved to be effective for the growth of sprouts in length and mass.
Thus, in Scots pine, biometric indicators of sprouts along the length the growth stimulator Ribav-Extra showed high activity at the solution concentrations of 1-2T0-3 - 1-5-10-3 ml/l, exceeding the control by 5,6-53,3%. The drug had the low effect on the growth of sprout mass. The concentrations of 1^3T0-3 - 1-5-10-3 ml/l had more active influence, exceeding the control group by 6,314,5% [22]. Epin-Extra is less effective.
Ribav-Extra showed high activity on the growth of Khinghan fir sprouts along the length and mass at the solution concentrations of 1-2T0-3 - 1^6T0-3 ml/l (excesses to the control - 5,9-93,8 h 1,4-31,2%, respectively). Epin-Ex-tra had a weak effect on sprouts along the length. The drug concentrations of 13 10-3 - 1410-3 ml/l had a more positive influence on the increase of mass of sprouts (excesses to the control - 1,5-20,8%).
In Manchurian fir, Ribav-Extra had a positive influence on the growth of sprouts along the length at all solution concentrations, exceeding the control by 7,1-33,3%. The concentrations of 13^10-3 - 1-5-10-3 ml/l increased the mass of sprouts on 2,7-28,8% [39]. Epin-Extra had a weak effect on the growth of sprouts along the length. The concentrations of 1-3-10-3 - 1-5-10-3 ml/l also produced a positive influence on the mass of sprouts. Excesses to the control - 1,3-39%.
The positive effect of the growth stimulator Ribav-Extra in our experiments on the sowing qualities of seeds and the increase in the morphometric parameters of sprouts of Khinghan fir is probably connected with the influence of glutamic acid, which is part of the stimulant, which provided stimulation of seed germination. The drug Epin-Extra has the content of epibrassinolide, which had a stimulating effect on seed germination.
In our opinion, the stratification of Khinghan fir seeds together with the use of stimulants would increase the rate of seed germination.
Conclusion
Thus, the growth stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra had a positive influence on the germination of Khinghan fir seeds. So, there was an increase of sowing qualities of seeds (germinative energy and laboratory germination) and the growth of biometric indicators of sprouts (length and mass).
1. It has been established, that Ribav-Extra showed a positive effect on the energy of seed germination at the concentrations of 1^2^10-3-1-7-10-3 ml/l, on laboratory germination at the concentrations of 1^10-3-1^10-3 ml/l. Epin-Extra showed a more active effect on the energy of seed germination with the solution concentrations of 1-2-10-3-1-6-10-3 ml/l. Laboratory germination increased at the solutions of 1-3-10-3-1-5-10-3 ml/l.
2. It has been found out that the treatment with these preparations leads to an increase in seed quality classes: from the third to the second and first.
3. A significant effect of Ribav-Extra on the growth of sprout length was noted at the concentrations of M0-3-1^10-3 ml/l; in Epin-Extra - with the solutions of 1-4-10-3-1-7-10-3 ml/l. Ribav-Extra had a positive effect on the increase in the mass of sprouts in all concentrations of solutions. Epin-Extra is less effective.
The research was carried out within the state assignment on the topic № 121031000120-9 «Study and monitoring of terrestrial biological resources in the south of the Russian Far East».
The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme No. 121031000120-9).
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DATA ABOUT THE AUTHORS Valentina Yu. Ostroshenko, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Junior Researcher at the Dendrology Laboratory
Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS 159, 100th anniversary of Vladivostok Ave., Vladivostok, 690022, Russian Federation OstroshenkoV@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1970-9293
Lyudmila Yu. Ostroshenko, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor
Primorye State Agricultural Academy
44, Blyuhera Ave., Ussuriysk, 692510, Russian Federation
OstroshenkoV@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-556X
ДАННЫЕ ОБ АВТОРАХ Острошенко Валентина Юрьевна, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории дендрологии
Федеральный научный центр Биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН
пр. 100-летия Владивостока, 159, г. Владивосток, 690022, Российская Федерация OstroshenkoV@mail.ru
Острошенко Людмила Юрьевна, кандидат биологических наук, доцент ФГБОУ ВО «Приморская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия»
пр. Блюхера, 44, г. Уссурийск, 692510, Российская Федерация OstroshenkoV@mail.ru
Поступила 24.05.2022
После рецензирования 08.06.2022
Принята 19.06.2022
Received 24.05.2022 Revised 08.06.2022 Accepted 19.06.2022
