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DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-3-105-110
Influence of extracurricular forms of motor activity classes on the functional
reserves of the 11th grade pupils
Aleksandr V. Dorontsev' *, Lyudmila N. Porubayko2, Nina A. Zinchuk3, Maksim A. Zereninov4
'Astrakhan State Medical University Astrakhan, Russia ORCID: 0000 - 0001- 9446 - 103X, [email protected]* 2Kuban State Medical University Krasnodar, Russia ORCID: 0000-0002-8775-5726, [email protected] 3Astrakhan State University Astrakhan, Russia ORCID: 0000 - 000'-5837 - 99'2, [email protected] 4Astrakhan Line Department of Internal Affairs on Transport Ministry
Astrakhan, Russia ORCID: 0000 - 0003- 4897 - 8254, [email protected]
Abstract: One of the urgent problems in secondary education is the formation of healthy lifestyle skills among schoolchildren, their level of functional and physical fitness increase. Extracurricular activities in sports sections are one of the effective directions of physical culture means and methods complex application for children's steady interest in physical activity classes formation. The relevance of the study is due to the preserving tendency of a high level of chronic diseases in secondary schools senior classes. Materials and Research methods. The study involved 53 schoolchildren (young men) of the 11th grade of Astrakhan secondary school. They attended physical culture classes in terms of the main medical group. In order to study the results of motor activity classes we used the indicators of medical control, complex test of physical fitness level among senior grades pupils, questionnaire survey. During the work we analyzed the results of physical fitness tests. Hemodynamic indices and lung capacity were registered at the 4th minute of an early recovery after the load on the bicycle ergometer. Stress resistance threshold determination was carried out according to C. Cohen and G. Willianson test. Mathematical processing of the obtained data was held using general Windows and Microsoft Office Excel programs. Results. At the first stage of the work the reaction of the body to functional tests was evaluated, it helped to rank pupils according to the level of functional readiness. The next stage was testing the level of physical fitness and the experimental group (in which young men were engaged in kinds of sports) and the observation group (motor activity classes of this group included only physical culture lessons.) formation. The final stage was the received results analysis. It proved high correlation of extracurricular activities with the level of psychophysical reserves of the organism. Conclusion. The received results of the research indicate a significant increase of physical and functional training level among schoolchildren, who are engaged in sports sections. At the same time, according to the results of the control tests at the end of the school year, we revealed some physical fitness and functional reserves level decrease. It in our opinion, was caused by a partial or complete absence of lessons at sports sections, due to a high academic load. During the research the students of the experimental group had significantly high stress-resistant status in comparison with the observation group. Thus, it can be assumed that extracurricular motor activity classes are not only one of the key factors for functional reserves and the level of physical qualities increase, but also have a positive impact on optimization of adaptation to stress factors.
Keywords: the 11th grade students, extracurricular sports, physical fitness, functional reserves, stress resistance threshold.
For citation: Aleksandr V. Dorontsev*, Lyudmila N. Porubayko, Nina A. Zinchuk, Maksim A. Zereninov.
Influence of extracurricular forms of motor activity classes on the functional reserves of the 11th grade
pupils. Russian journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2021; 16(3): 85-89. DOI: 10.14526/2070-47982021-16-3-105-110.
INTRODUCTION
Modern concept of "Physical culture" educational cluster presents pedagogical system of different forms of motor activity. The aim of it is to form an individually oriented physical culture of pupils, their health improvement and harmonious physical development [3]. At the same time chosen kind of sport provides sportsmanship improvement, functional reserves of an organism increase, communicative functions development [2,5,7,i3].Extracurricular sports classes help pupils not only to realize their motor abilities, but also get sufficient experience of socialization in society [1,9]. An urgent problem nowadays is insufficient level of physical fitness and physical development in pupils [6,12,14,15,16,17,18]. The tendency of chronic diseases level increase in secondary schools pupils still preserves [8]. The volume of weekly motor activity among pupils decreases. Physical culture lessons organization at schools is planned according to sports buildings presence, most of which don't correspond with modern demands [10,11]. In this connection we estimated the influence of a regular motor activity on the level of functional and physical fitness among senior grades pupils. Taking into account high level of nervous tension, conditioned by training for unified national exam (UNE), we defined the level of stress resistance and social communication in the studied group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research was held on the basis of secondary schools in Astrakhan since September, Table 1 - The level of physical fitness in the 11th grad
2020 till May, 2021. 53 boys (pupils of the 11th grade) took part in the research. We used the official results of medical check-ups, protocols of control norms and RLD (Ready for Labor and Defense) complex norms, the results of a questionnaire survey. The aim of the experimental part of the research was to study the influence of sports sections classes on the indices of functional reserves and the level of physical fitness in terms of psycho-emotional tension among the students of the 11th grades. At the beginning of the research pupils were divided into 2 groups. The first group (n1 - 25) included schoolchildren, who entered school and city sports sections (sports games- 17 people, swimming- 5 people, martial arts -3 people). The second group (n2 - 28) included their coevals, who entered only physical culture lessons, - 3 academic hours a week. Mathematical data handling was held using «SPSS Statistics 17.01.» for Windows and Microsoft Office Excel 2007.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
It is interesting to study the influence of physical activity classes on pupils' organisms during the period of emotional-nervous tension and the risk factors of adaptive-regulating system violation. They are typical for the period of high academic load. High level of functional and physical fitness in schoolchildren, who are involved into sport, is a significant factor for increasing regulating-adaptive parameters of the main organism systems.
The level of physical fitness in the 11th grade pupils (boys) is presented in table 1.
Indices Groups and periods of the research
September, 2020 May, 2021
(ni - 25) (n2 - 28) P (ni - 25) (n2 - 28) P
3000 m. run (min.) 11.57±1,07 12.44±0,54 0,034 12,44±0,43 13.19±0,50 0,047
100 m. run (sec.) 13,35±0,87 14,31±0,79 0,041 14,01±0,69 14,76±0,55 0,044
Shuttle run 4x9 8,82±O,54 9,53±0,33 0,038 9,05±0,29 10,22±0,31 0,049
Pull-up 8,7±I,5 8,4±1,7 0,061 8,5±1,9 8,0±1,5 0,081
Body lifting from prone position within 1 min. 57,2±2,5 44,3±3,3 00,035 52±2,7 40,5±3,9 00,047
Skipping within 30 sec. 8I,4±4,0 67,3±5,8 00,034 73±5,5 64,3±5,2 00,049
Broad jumping (cm.) 247,2±0.21 235,3±0,17 00,047 241,2±0,20 230,20±0,20 00,048
Table 1 shows that physical fitness level abilities development during the whole period of
of pupils, who are involved into sports sections, the pedagogical experiment. It should be noted
validly exceeds the level of physical fitness of that during the second half of the year, in terms of
their coevals (except power oriented indices). training for unified national exam (UNE), we saw
We see considerable prevalence of endurance, significant (till 50,7±9,8%) extracurricular sports
speed-power oriented qualities and coordinating classes decrease in the group (ni - 25).
Table 2 - Cardiorespiratory indices in pupils according to the results of a functional test at a bicycle ergometer of the power till 100W during 5 minutes
Indices Groups and period of the research
September, 2020 May, 2021
(ni - 25) (n - 28) P (ni - 25) (n - 28) P
Heart rate (beats.min.) 126±8,2 153,7±10,3 0,044 138±9,4 155,0±10,7 0,048
systolic blood pressure SRP ( mm Hg) 127±2,1 134±1,3 0,048 128±1,9 137,6±1,5 0,049
diastolic blood pressure DRP ( mm Hg) 69,1±0,5 72,2±0,6 0,048 70,7±0,8 74,5±0,8 0,049
lung capacity (LC), ml. 5430±31,4 4180±24,9 0,036 5300±30,4 4200±25,3 0,043
During functional reserves indices analysis in group (ni - 25) we revealed associative relation between LC and the level of adaptive potential of cardiovascular system r - 0,619, more distinct indices were registered among schoolchildren, who were involved into swimming. It should be noted that in the examined group early HR recovery at the 4th minute by 28,6±3,1% was quicker, than in the group of schoolchildren (n2 - 28). On the basis of the held C. Cohen and G. Willianson test (stress resistance self-assessment) it was revealed that schoolchildren, who were involved into sports sections, less experience nervous tension, connected with anxiety, increased uneasiness, fears, which cause difficulties in social communication; (ni -25) -2,5±0,2 points, (n2 - 28) - 6,7±0,9 points; p<0,035.Test results handling helped to reveal valid connection between the level of sports qualification level and the threshold of stress resistance r -0,655. Summing up the results of the held research we come to the conclusion that regular trainings at sports sections have not only positive influence on physical fitness level, but also validly increase regulating-adaptive potential of cardiorespiratory system, help to increase psychological resistance.
CONCLUSION 1. Modern research methods help to estimate objectively the results of regular motor activity influence on the level of physical fitness, functional reserves and stress resistance.
2. Complex estimation of physical fitness level during an academic year helped to reveal, that the volume and intensity of training lessons decrease during the second part of the year, caused by training for unified national exam (UNE), didn't have significant influence on functional potential of the experimental group.
3. We stated statistically valid correlation of physical fitness level and stress resistance threshold.
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Submitted: 20.07.2021 Author's information:
Dorontsev A. V. — Candidate of pedagogics, associate professor, head of physical culture department; Astrakhan State Medical University, 414000, Astrakhan, Astrakhan region, Bakinskaya str., 121, e-mail: aleksandr.doroncev@rambler/ru
Porubayko L. N. - Candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, head of physical culture department; Kuban State Medical University, 350063, Krasnodar, Sedina str., House 4, e-mail: [email protected]
Zinchuk NA.- Candidate of pedagogics, associate professor, head of sports games and adaptive physical culture department; Astrakhan State University,. 414056, Astrakhan region, Astrakhan, Tatishchev str., 20a, e-mail: [email protected]
Zereninov MA..- Assistant commandant in work with personnel of Astrakhan Line Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on Transport, Astrakhan, 414052, the 1st Perevoznaya str., House 120, e-mail: [email protected]
