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104
DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-2-126-130
Influence analysis of physical relaxation on adaptive potential of
medical University students
Victor R. Gorst, Alexandr V. Dorontsev*, Kseniya A. Dorontseva
Astrakhan State Medical University Astrakhan, Russia ORCID: 0000-0001-9137-5569, e-mail:horst1955@mail.ru ORCID: 0000-0002-9446-l0зХ, e-mail: aleksandr.doroncev@rambler.ru* ORCID: 0000-0002- 5680 - 3641 e-mail:doronceva@rambler.ru
Abstract: Physical relaxation is used as the way of rehabilitation and self-regulation. Its effectiveness is proved by many specialists. The skills of self-relaxation, self-regulation and also the ability to renew physical and psychological resources within short time period are very significant nowadays in different spheres of activity. For the graduates of medical higher educational establishments mastering physical relaxation technique is especially urgent for profession. It was the reason for conducting a survey studying physical relaxation techniques influence on functional indices of medical University students. Materials. Studying the influence of physical relaxation on functional indices of students' cardiovascular system at medical University. Research methods. For the research we used the official materials of the annual medical check-up, the results of functional tests, physical readiness tests. For statistical data handling we used quantitative variables, presented in a form of a mean value and a standard mistake of a mean value ^ ± m). The results were considered statistically significant in terms of р < 0,05. We realized correlation analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. As a result of studying adaptive abilities of students from medical higher educational establishment of different medical groups we defined hemodynamic parameters. They reflect physical readiness level and the presence of chronic illnesses. We analyzed the changes of functional character. They appeared during the complex of functional relaxation organization. Physical relaxation use helped to improve hemodynamic, muscular-ligamentous apparatus parameters and increased the level of cardiovascular system adaptive abilities in the experimental group. Conclusion. Received during the research results prove adaptive abilities of an organism increase among students, who use physical relaxation. Positive functional changes were in all medical groups. Keywords: physical relaxation, functional changes, students, medical groups.
For citation: Victor R. Gorst, Alexandr V. Dorontsev, Kseniya A. Dorontseva. Influence analysis of physical relaxation on adaptive potential of medical University students. Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2019; 14(2): 107-110. DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-2-126-130
URGENCY
Physical relaxation is used as the way of rehabilitation and self-regulation [2]. Physical relaxation technique is very popular and provides a person's psychophysical state improvement [4]. The method of progressive muscular relaxation (E. Jacobson) is based on the principle of a short-term powerful muscular tension and relaxation, which helps to activate both muscular-ligamentous apparatus and ideomotor modification functions [1]. The effectiveness of relaxation as a special method of organism rehabilitation after different loads is proved by many specialists [4,5,6,8,9]. The skills of self-relaxation, self-regulation and also the ability to renew physical and psychological resources within
short time period are very significant nowadays in different spheres of activity [7]. For the graduates of medical higher educational establishments mastering physical relaxation technique is especially urgent for profession [3,10,11]. It was the reason for conducting a survey studying physical relaxation techniques influence on functional indices of medical University students.
The aim of the research was to study the influence of physical relaxation on cardiovascular system functional indices in medical University students.
MATERIAL AND RESEARCH METHODS
During the research we analyzed the results of the functional tests, the results of medical check-up,
n
the control normatives. 47 boys (year of birth: 20002001) took part in the research. They belonged to different medical groups. The research was held on the basis of Astrakhan State Medical University in 2018/2019. Random sampling divided respondents into two groups: the experimental group (n1 = 23) and the control group (n2 = 24). The experimental group had physical education in terms of the Federal State Educational Standard 3+ (FSES). In addition a complex of physical relaxation was used during the day. This complex included isometric exercises with further relaxation. The exercises were fulfilled in pairs. The time of an exercise active phase was 10-30 seconds, time of rest was till 1 minute. The control group had physical education only in terms of the academic lessons (n2 = 24). During the research we analyzed hemodynamic indices, adaptive potential of cardiovascular system, functional tests indices and students' control normatives. The research was held during 7 months on the basis of Astrakhan State Medical University in 2018-2019.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During the research we measured the following respondents' parameters: systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), vital capacity (VC) and breathing capacity (BC), blood peak flow (BPF), adaptive potential of cardiovascular system (AP), Kerdo vegetation index before and after relaxation. During vegetative status analysis we received the following results: in the experimental group at the beginning of the research there were 12 vagotonics, 9 normotonics and 2 sympathetonics. After the research vegetative status change from vagotony to normotony was among 7 students. Vegetative index among 2 sympathetonics didn.t change. They had cardiovascular system pathology.
At the beginning of the research there were 11 vagotonics, 10 normotonics and 3 sympathetonics in the control group. During the research there were no vegetative index changes in this group. As a result of physical relaxation use in the experimental group during the 6th month we revealed significant systolic blood pressure decrease from 133±2,3 till 128±2,9 (p<0,05). At the same time, pulse blood pressure didn't change much. Heart rate at rest
before and after the complex of physical relaxation was 83±3,2 beats per minute and 75±2,9 beats per minute. VC and BC during 6 months of the research didn't show considerable changes. It should be noted that students, who had bronchial asthma, vegetative-vascular dystonia syndrome and the first-second obesity degree had unstable BP indices. Such students didn't have significant changes during physical relaxation use. During blood peak flow dynamics study we revealed its decrease in the experimental group from 104,9 ± 1,2 ml/s. till 97,3±2,0 ml/s. (p<0,05). There were no considerable blood peak flow changes in the control group.
During the research we revealed considerable blood peak flow increase among students with the first-second obesity degree and bronchial asthma. Students with cardiovascular system pathology had validly lower blood peak flow than the average values. Among boys, who went in for sports regularly, this index corresponded with the average values and didn't change significantly during the research.
AP analysis helped to define the dynamics of an organism functional state under the influence of physical relaxation. In both examined groups AP corresponded with the state of satisfactory adaptation (2,39 ±0,19 c.u.). Unsatisfactory adaptive potential was revealed among two students. One of them had the first-second obesity degree and the other smoked (AP was 2,77 c.u. and 2,70 c.u.).
During the observation we revealed the average AP index decrease in the experimental group from 2,39 ±0,19 c.u. (at the beginning of the research) till 2,08±0,20 c.u.(the end of the research), (p<0,05). There was no considerable AP dynamics in the control group. The lowest AP indices (1,68±0,10 c.u.) were among highly-qualified athletes. They had the 1st sports category, the category of candidate master of sports and master of sports. AP analysis among the athletes of different sports specializations showed, that the lowest average values of the index corresponded with the representatives of the cyclic kinds of sport (athletics and swimming). Higher indices were among the representatives of single combats and games. As a result of autocorrelation analysis we defined vivid statistically valid connection between hemodynamic characteristics
in the experimental group; Blood pressure and BPF - r = 0,451; blood pressure and AP - r= 0,477; BPF and AP - r =0,463.
CONCLUSION
We proved that physical relaxation use improves hemodynamic indices and increases the level of students' compensator adaptive capacities at medical University.
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Submitted: 15.05.2019 Author's information:
Victor R. Gorst - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Astrakhan State Medical
R
University, 414000, Russia, Astrakhan, Bakinskaya str., House 121, e-mail:horst1955@mail.ru
Aleksandr V. Dorontsev - Candidate of Pedagogics, Associate Professor, Astrakhan State Medical University, 414000, Russia, Astrakhan, Bakinskaya str., House 121, e-mail: aleksandr. doroncev@rambler.ru
