Independent work of student

Bilous I.; Pavlovych L.

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INDEPENDENT WORK OF STUDENT

Bilous I.

MD, PhD;

Department of Nervous Diseases, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology HSEEU "Bukovinian State Medical University», Chernivtsi

Pavlovych L. MD, PhD;

HSEEU "Bukovinian State Medical University», Chernivtsi Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Endocrinology Higher State Educational Establishment "Bukovinian State Medical University"

ABSTRACT

Objective. Independent work of student is an independent dialing-teaching the student, which scientific-pedagogical employee plans together with the student, but does her student on the instructions and under the supervision and control of the scientific and pedagogical worker without his direct participation.

Important role in the study of the discipline played by rational means: the methods of independent work organization, working conditions, daily routine, equipment labor Keywords: Independent work, educational work

Independent work of student is an independent dialing-teaching the student, which scientific-pedagogical employee plans together with the student, but does her student on the instructions and under the supervision and control of the scientific and pedagogical worker without his direct participation.

Important role in the study of the discipline played by rational means: the methods of independent work organization, working conditions, daily routine, equipment labor, etc.

During the study of the discipline identify the following types of independent student learning:

- hearing lectures, participation in seminars, performance of practical and laboratory works;

- development of the topics of the lectures and seminars, performance of practical and laboratory works students of the correspondence form of training (FTRA);

- preparation of abstracts and course works, writing of the thesis;

the preparation of modular control and examination;

- work with literature etc.

Each of these types requires students resistant independent work.

First of all you need to every student in the learning process were of the hygiene of mental work. Therefore, it is necessary to reveal the mechanisms of mental work, causes of fatigue, ways to improve productivity and diet, recreation, etc. you need to do the installation experience, especially with students of the correspondence form of training. Inform them that the circadian rhythm of the human body is determined by a number of physiological functions, which are constantly changing in the hours of activity and sleep.

An important role in the optimal organization of life and activity of a student of full-time and part-time forms of education plays a mode of the day - it is recommended by scientific and pedagogical workers in the early days of training.

Students of the first year need to adapt to self-study work. Therefore, first-year students must adapt to the conditions of life and activity in a higher educational institution. For this purpose, targeted pedagogical assistance is needed for scientific and pedagogical workers. This is, first of all, an attentive attitude towards a student who feels psychological discomfort, inconvenience, uneasiness, uncertainty.

We must remember that the student has three groups of difficulties: social, educational, professional. Social difficulties are caused by changes in the place of

residence, new living conditions, features of communication with a significant number of new people (scientific and pedagogical workers, colleagues, service personnel); the need to independently maintain its budget, arrange its own life, get used to the new regime and schedule of the day, and so on.

Educational difficulties are caused by new forms and methods of studying, peculiarities of organization of independent work, control over it by scientific and pedagogical workers. Therefore, scientific and pedagogical workers have:

- to familiarize students with psychological and pedagogical peculiarities of organization of studying at a high school;

- help in mastering the methods and techniques of educational work;

- Adhere to a special methodology for lecturing for first-year students in the first two to three months, gradually increasing the structure and pace;

- to teach the students of the methods of listening to the lecture, to write down its contents, methods of preparation for seminars, practical and laboratory classes;

- clearly assign a task for each class;

- Tolerant control and evaluation of independent work, etc.

The transition to the modular construction of the content of training involves the integration of different types and forms of learning that are subject to the general subject of the subject. For each content module, a set of reference and illustrative materials that a student receives before starting a study is formed. Also add a list of recommended literature. Each student moves from one content module to another as the material is assimilated and passes the stages of current control.

As for students of correspondence education (ZFN), they mostly study the material independently during the semester, that is, they independently work out the topics of lectures, as well as seminars, practical and laboratory classes.

For them, at the beginning of each semester, a setting session is held, during which they give lectures and conduct some seminars, practical and laboratory classes.

Scientific and pedagogical worker is obliged to familiarize students of the State Duma Department during the instructive session with the relevance, purpose and tasks of studying the discipline, its place, role and meaning in vocational training, to determine the total amount of academic discipline and the volume of sections and topics for the current semester; to distribute a program of study discipline and a work syllabus; explain the content and structure of the thematic plan, the sequence of studying sections and topics; to explain the methodology of self-studying of seminars, practical and laboratory classes; to get acquainted with the questions that have been passed on the exam or the test; submit the main and additional literature to each topic; to specify forms and methods of knowledge control of students of the ZFN; to inform the schedule of conducting consultations during the pre-sessional session and in the period prior to the examining session; to open a methodology for independent studying of sections and topics of discipline for this semester, etc.

A student must master the methodology of independent work during the lecture lesson and work out

the lecture. First of all, students of daytime and correspondence forms of education need to develop the ability to listen and summarize lectures, because work on them directly at the classroom and in non-auditorium time, requires considerable effort: to be able not only listen, but also perceive, understand the content of the lecture; systematize and group the acquired knowledge in abstracts; be able to creatively comprehend the material of the lecture in the process of independent work, etc.

During the lecture session, students need to read the contents of the previous lecture to establish a logical connection with the following; attempt to comprehend the material in the process of its presentation; listen attentively to the scientific and pedagogical worker, to distinguish the main, significant and to remove the secondary, etc.

Lecture material is necessary not only to listen, but also to annotate. Therefore, scientific and pedagogical workers should develop the ability to correctly draw a notebook. To do this, one must learn to write quickly, thanks to the use of conditional notations and abbreviations of individual words and phrases.

It is important for the student to be able to carry out a kind of "filtering" of the educational material, to isolate the main one and to displace the secondary one, in addition, the main thing is to generalize and systematize. It is necessary to know that the main thoughts, as opposed to minor ones, are usually emphasized by intonation, the slow pace of speech. To systematize the student must be able to isolate the nodal issues, generalize and logically comprehend the sequence and interconnection of the individual components of the lecture.

Summarizing the lecture, it is necessary to fully record the title of the topic, the plan, the recommended literature. Particular attention should be paid to the rules of the rules, quotes, formulas, schemes, etc.

Approximate method of working out the topic of lecture lesson:

1) study the program of study discipline and the work syllabus;

2) determine the place of the subject of this lecture in the structure of the discipline according to the thematic plan;

3) find out all the questions that need to be studied;

4) study the educational material contained in the notebook to clarify the amount of missing material on the basis of control questions, tasks for control work and questions passed on the exam (see the curriculum and work syllabus program);

5) determine the literature in which the necessary educational material is available and the sequence of its assimilation;

6) Each study material should be processed as follows:

a) read it in dynamics to understand the general nature;

b) for the second time to read the educational material, comprehending each word and sentence;

c) for the third time, to isolate the basic concepts, the essence of phenomena and processes, their structure and content, as well as the links between them;

d) write all this in a note;

e) establish a connection with the previous educational material;

f) independently answer all the control questions on this topic.

Methodology of independent preparation of the student for seminars, practical and laboratory classes.

An important place in educational work belongs to laboratory, practical classes and seminars. Each of these classes has its own didactic purpose.

The main purpose of the seminars is to facilitate the mastering of the most complex questions of the training course, to encourage students to engage in collective creative discussion, to master the scientific methods of analyzing phenomena and problems, to intensify their self-study of scientific and methodological literature, and to develop self-education skills.

In the process of preparing for the seminar students independently work out literature (educational, methodological, scientific), learn to critically evaluate different sources of knowledge. A scientific-pedagogical worker will arrange a discussion with predefined topics, to which students prepare abstract responses or individually executed abstracts. Such seminars are also called seminars-discussions.

In order for independent work to be effective, the student must deeply understand its necessity, purpose and further utility for itself. Mandatory conditions for successful execution of the USSR: precise and concrete definition of the problem, its motivation, availability and knowledge of the student method of execution, terms, forms and types of control, provision of advisory assistance from the teacher.

Materials for independent work, its volume is obtained by a scientific and pedagogical worker, he defines schedules, terms of execution, forms of control. Develops a system of tasks, themes of abstracts, course papers, qualifying papers, diploma papers, methodical recommendations and instructions, lists of compulsory and additional literature.

To fulfill the task for independent work, it is necessary that they meet the conditions, namely: were accessible and understandable to the student, contained elements of novelty, made it possible to adjust and control their implementation.

In the practice of high school work, as already mentioned, distinguish three didactic types of seminars: seminars, seminars and specialty seminars. Workshops are required from the students of thorough preparation. When preparing, the student should get acquainted with the plan of the seminar, recommended literature. First you need to get acquainted with the material on the topic of the seminar, which is contained in the textbooks. This will make it possible to make a general idea of the topic that is presented at the seminar session. If a lecture is read on this topic, then it is also useful to carefully study its summary. Only after that begins an independent work on the study of primary sources.

A separate link in the process of preparation for a seminar is direct preparation of a speech on the same issue. It is worth that the student accustomed himself to act outside the ready-made text, reading it, and in his own words, using only a short plan.

Preparation for a speech is to put each issue on a separate card or sheet a short plan with the marks of the required numbers, quotation marks, specific facts. This approach will allow you to develop the ability to

demonstrate autonomy during the speeches at the seminar.

If a student is faced with the need to independently solve a task, this greatly enhances the potency of his mental activity, contributes to the development and development of positive qualities.

The main purpose of the practical training is to enable students to consider certain theoretical positions of the discipline and form skills and abilities of their practical application on the basis of individual tasks.

This form of training is usually conducted in laboratories or classrooms equipped with the necessary technical means of study, computer technology.

This also applies to laboratory training, which is usually conducted under the direction of a scientific and pedagogical worker, but personally, each student carries out in-person or simulation experiments or experiments in order to practically test and confirm certain theoretical positions of the discipline. Students must acquire practical skills in working with laboratory equipment, staging, measuring equipment, computer technology, mastering the method of experimental research in a particular subject field.

References

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