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INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF HIGHER EDUCATION BY TRAINING STUDENTS-GEOGRAPHERS ON THE CREDIT MODULAR
SYSTEM
Abstract: The article describes the basic concepts of the credit-modular system used in the country's universities today, its content and essence. The main tasks of the credit-modular system and the forms of organizing the educational process in this system are discussed.
Keywords : credit-modular system, module, credit, self-study.
Аннотация: В статье описаны основные понятия кредитно-модульной системы, применяемой в вузах страны сегодня, ее содержание и сущность. Обсуждаются основные задачи кредитно-модульной системы и формы организации учебного процесса в этой системе.
Ключевые слова: кредитно-модульная система, модуль, кредит, самообучение.
It is gratifying to note that domestic science has created a powerful intellectual potential, which finds its practical application in many spheres of life, serves as the basis for strengthening the national statehood and economic independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The success of everyone's activities - starting a student and a teacher, a specialist and an enterprise, and the state as a whole, due to the limited nature of natural resources, is largely determined today by how widely the achievements of scientific and technological progress, science-intensive technologies, the level of professional preparedness of personnel.
Reconstruction of the educational process in higher educational institutions on the basis of European standards means the development of a new form of organization of the educational process, in particular, the introduction of a credit-modular system for organizing the educational process. The credit system is necessary to indicate the scope and timing of work to complete the course system or curriculum.
The credit-modular education system emerged in the late 1960s and later spread to the English-speaking countries - the United States, Great Britain and
Pulatova Kuvonchoy Davronbek kizi
Urgench State University, direction geography, 3rd year student.
INTRODUCTION
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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Canada. Initially, the modular system was used for individual lessons, but later it became more widespread and was seen as a new form of education.
In recent years, reforms have been actively carried out in the field of education and science, including in the field of higher education, where, in particular, new technologies and standards are gradually being introduced. The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the Concept for the development of the higher education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period up to 2030" dated October 8, 2019 No. UP-5847 provides for a phased transition to the introduction of advanced higher education standards. Higher educational institutions have been tasked with gradually transferring the educational process to a credit-modular system. The credit-modular system should be implemented in 16% of higher educational institutions in 2023, 57% in 2025 and 85% in 2030.
The objectives of the introduction of a credit-modular system are to expand access to higher education, increase the mobility of students and teachers, and orient curricula and programs towards obtaining qualifications in demand in the labor market. This system is attractive in that it ensures the comparability of the curricula of different universities and contributes to the harmonization of education systems with European countries. The credit-modular system promotes the mobility of students and teachers and simplifies the transition from one university to another, determining the volume of the results of the work carried out for the entire academic load.
In a modern market economy, it is employers who assess the quality of trained personnel. The level of knowledge and practical skills formation is determined by the assessment of graduates by consumers. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-3775 dated June 5, 2018, starting from the 2018/2019 academic year, basic (leading) higher educational institutions independently develop curricula and programs in the relevant areas and specialties of education, taking into account the demand of personnel consumers.
The use of the credit system in higher education opens up the possibility of a positive transformation of the educational process in order to:
- An individually-oriented organization of the educational process, which provides students with the opportunity to draw up individual curricula, freely determine the sequence of mastering disciplines, and independently compile personal semester schedules of training sessions;
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- Stimulating Ballena but -reytingovoy system of evaluation of educational activity of students;
- Formation and continuous development of curricula, programs and standards of educational content;
- Granting academic freedoms to teachers, including the right to freely choose the teaching methodology;
- Economic calculations of the size of tuition fees and teachers' salaries;
- Formation of budgets of income and expenses of structural educational units of educational institutions.
The defining elements of the credit system are an individually-oriented organization of the educational process and a stimulating point- rating system for assessing educational activities in combination with progressive principles of pedagogical management.
Thus, the student forms his own educational route, focused on individual needs. In the learning process, each student earns credits, which are a measure of the labor intensity of the student's activity. This system also assumes a project-based form of training - the development and protection of individual or group projects on relevant topics. Other advantages of this system are: a smaller number of simultaneously studied disciplines, individualization of the pedagogical process, practical orientation, as well as the disclosure of students' creative abilities. In modern conditions, this system allows you to train more mobile, competent and in-demand specialists.
In the conditions of a credit-modular system, each module should be a completed segment of the educational program, the result of mastering which is the acquisition of a certain set of competencies by the student. And these competencies must be tested and evaluated without fail. It is clear that competencies will be developed over a fairly long time period (at least one semester, and, more likely, several semesters). It seems that the concepts "section", "subsection", "topic" are more suitable for defining relatively completed educational segments within a semester, but not a module. The module can be understood as a separate fragment of a training course, a thematic block that combines several educational topics mastered in lectures and seminars.
A geographically literate person understands the relationship and relationships between people, territory, its nature and economic component. Knowledge of geography must be woven together so that each student has a comprehensive spatial vision of the world.
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The elements of geographical culture include mastering the language of scientific facts - the basis of empirical knowledge, the language of numbers, dates, and the language of geographical names. The language of geographical names largely determines the characteristics of the geographical language as a whole. Knowledge of a certain amount of geographic nomenclature (toponyms) is one of the signs of a person's geographic culture.
The credit-modular system of organizing the educational process in geography is designed to provide a positive solution to the following tasks:
□ Division of educational material on geography into modules, checking the assimilation of each module;
□ Using a wider scale of knowledge assessment;
□ Increasing the objectivity of the assessment of knowledge in geography ;
□ Stimulating the systematic independent work of students throughout the semester;
□ Introduce healthy competition in teaching geography .
In general, the development of the discipline f ormiruet students COBOL kupnost ideological positions on functioning of societies within a certain geographical area, characterized by one or other set of derivative industries OPERATION AND activities geographically Differential entsirovanno th depending on the nature of the environment and the extent of seeded laziness and having internal and external geographic boundaries.
Since the credit system of education includes the control of all forms of education (classroom and extracurricular), it is considered as a unit of measurement reflecting the achieved result, and not the number of hours studied in the learning process. Therefore, it is an important factor in increasing the effectiveness of education.
In a word, the transition to this system is a requirement of the time, a priority for the development of education, and we must all use the achievements of world experience and not repeat its shortcomings. Considering that in developed countries a credit-modular system is successfully used, on the basis of which students work tirelessly, the share of self-study is growing, in our country this system expands the outlook of students and helps to grow them into mature professionals in their field.
CONCLUSION
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, R VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 5
educational, natural and social sciences (~) ISSN 2181-1784
Scientific Journal Impact Factor SJIF 2021: 5.423
REFERENCES
1. A.A. Timofeev, N.A. Ushko, M.A. Yarifa . Credit-modular training system., 1/2013, p : 134.
2. R.I.Urazgalieva . Credit-modular system of training organization as a factor in the formation of the student's self-educational skills. Orenburg, 2017.
