CC BY
2524 East European Scientific Journal #3(67), 2021 UDC 69.059; 72.025; 721 ГРНТИ 67.13.51
Terentyev A.A.
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Kyiv national university of construction and architecture,
Kyiv, Ukraine Gorbatyuk Ie. V.
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Kyiv national university of construction and architecture,
Kyiv, Ukraine Serpinska O.I. Senior Lecturer,
Kyiv national university of construction and architecture,
Kyiv, Ukraine Borodinya V.V. Postgraduate student, Kyiv national university of construction and architecture,
Kyiv, Ukraine
INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF INFORMATION SYSTEM OF COMPLEX SECURITY OF
BUILDINGS PROTECTION
Терентьев Александр Александрович
доктор технических наук, профессор, Киевский национальный университет строительства и архитектуры,
Киев, Украина Горбатюк Евгений Владимирович кандидат технических наук, доцент, Киевский национальный университет строительства и архитектуры,
Киев, Украина Серпинская Ольга Игоревна старший преподаватель, Киевский национальный университет строительства и архитектуры,
Киев, Украина Бородыня Виталий Витальевич аспирант,
Киевский национальный университет строительства и архитектуры,
Киев, Украина
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ
БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЗАЩИТЫ ЗДАНИЙ
Summary. A method is proposed to improve the efficiency of the information system for the safe operation of building protection. The method of ethalless estimation of values of safe operation parameters of buildings is considered. The received recommendations allow to ensure long-term and reliable safe operation of buildings by means of timely forecasting and use of models and methods to increase efficiency of information system of diagnostics of technical safety of buildings.
Аннотация. Предлагается метод, связанный с повышением эффективности информационной системы безопасной эксплуатации защиты зданий. Рассмотрен метод безэталонной оценки значений параметров безопасной работы зданий. Полученные рекомендации позволяют получить возможность обеспечения долговременной и надежной безопасной эксплуатации зданий за счет своевременного прогнозирования и использования моделей и методов повышения эффективности информационной системы диагностики технической безопасности зданий.
Key words: information system, improvement of efficiency, diagnostics, technical condition, complex security, protection.
Ключевые слова: информационная система, повышение эффективности, диагностика, техническое состояние, комплексная безопасность, защита.
Introduction.
Diagnostics of the technical condition of complex safety of buildings is highlighted as an important area of construction production. The volume of this type of
work is increasing due to the physical and moral wear of buildings, equipment and reconstruction of enterprises, the activation of new construction in areas of old development, the reconstruction of low-rise
L»
buildings, higher prices and changes in property ownership.
The problem of diagnosing the technical condition of buildings is considered in the state as socioeconomic, which requires significant scientific and technical events. The selected area of research is in line with Cabinet of Ministers Decision No. 409 of 05 May 1997 on ensuring the reliability and safe operation of buildings, structures and engineering networks and Cabinet of Ministers Order No. 100-r of 01 March 2004 on measures to strengthen control over the design, new construction, reconstruction, overhaul and operation of houses and structures.
Assessing the technical state of complex building safety is one of the most difficult tasks in the market of intelligent assessment and decision-making systems. The difficulty lies in a large number of factors that influence the assessment, which are quite difficult to formalize. The task of diagnosing the technical state of complex safety of buildings is solved by experts using linear methods of statistical analysis.
Information support would help to improve the efficiency of the survey process and reduce the risk of biased decision-making, thus resolving questions on the processing of survey materials. Of course, experts will make the final decision, but the presence of an information system for integrated security of management buildings will increase the professional level of making such decisions.
Analysis of literature data.
Scientific sources were studied on the study of theoretical foundations for the construction of information technologies for diagnosing complex technical systems and analytical support for their functioning, obtained by famous domestic scientists, including Terentyev A.A., Kievskaya K.I., Goncharenko T.A., Gorbatyuk Ie.V.,
Grigorovsky P.E., lack of a unified methodology for building an information system for diagnosing the technical state of complex safety of buildings; Lack of models and methods for improving the efficiency of integrated building safety that would enable the effective operation of information systems for diagnosing the technical state of buildings safety, to ensure high accuracy of decision-making regarding their condition; the absence of a single information database that would make it possible to compare the results of diagnostics of the technical state of safety of buildings, observe the dynamics of aging, and systematize conclusions about their condition. Therefore, the solution of these tasks is relevant and makes it possible to ensure long-term and reliable safe operation of buildings by timely forecasting and using models and methods to increase the efficiency of the information system for diagnosing the technical state of safety of buildings [1, 2].
Ensuring long-term and reliable operation of buildings due to timely forecasting and use of information system for diagnostics of their technical condition of complex safety of buildings is an urgent theoretical and technical and economic problem, which
East European Scientific Journal #3(67), 2021 25 requires application of effective solutions at all stages of life cycle of buildings [3].
This approach can find practical application in organizations that maintain the operability of the state of complex building safety.
Purpose and objectives of the study.
The aim of the study is to develop an information system for improving the efficiency of the system for diagnosing the technical condition of buildings, which will increase the efficiency of the survey process and improve the quality of decision-making on safe and reliable building management.
To achieve the objective of the work, analyze the current state of the problem of using information systems to improve the safety of buildings. The main tasks have been identified and ways to solve them have been chosen. On the basis of which to develop an integrated method of non-ethalonic estimation of parameters of the technical condition diagnostics system and proposed complex methods for predicting state disturbance and determining pre-emergency situations of complex safety of buildings [5].
Method of ethalless estimation of safe building operation parameters.
A new method is proposed for ethalless estimation of the values of the safe operation parameters of buildings, which requires instead of a procedure for comparing an object with a standard for ordering a sample of a plurality of objects. It is assumed that based on the database of the information system, it is possible to build the laws of distribution of the analyzed parameters.
Note some properties of ordinal statistics used in further constructions [4, 6].
Let the distribution function F(x), considered by the general population, be continuous almost everywhere. The sample elements from this general set xi, x2,..., x„ are obtained as sequential values of the measured time series of any parameter. by changing the original location of these elements according to their growth (or decline), we get the series: xi<x2<...<x„.
In this case, elements xi represent i are order statistics in the sample of the volume n from the general population. In such an approach, the general population is a complex of random variables.
When using ordinal statistics to process data, it is not necessary to construct a dynamogram in its standard form - in the form of a closed curve. Data are temporary data tips {x,} inherently similar to oscillograms. In practice, rank ordinal statistics can be calculated in any time series, have a characteristic position of extremum. Taking into account the random component of the measured values of the voltage-time dependence can be represented in the form:
F(t) = 6(t)-№,
where F(t) - is the voltage at time t; 0(t) - is a function describing the change in voltage over time; 4(t) - is the noise component of the measurement, has a generally arbitrary distribution.
Using rank theory to recognize a change in the dynamogram is convenient in that this approach avoids
26 East European Scientific Journal #3(67), 2021
the difficulties associated with constructing an objective scale of absolute load values, since this parameter is significantly variable.
In the following constructions, the rank of measurement is understood to mean the number R(Fj), which acquires this measurement in an order of growth of a number of values at k<i<k+n, where n - is the sample size. Kendel showed that when analyzing dependence, it is convenient to use statistics S(n) = ^^"-i^:
a at Fi > Fj 0 atFi=Fj , . -1 at Ft < Fj
Fj
where F, voltage, j<N.
Rank correlation coefficient
- measurements by time series of
ft =
2 S(n) n(n — 1)
allows you to draw conclusions about the degree of monotonicity of a dependency F(t).
At k=1, monotonic values grow, k=-1 characterizes a monotonic drop.
A series based on the use of information system databases, considered as time series, showed that in most cases these series are characterized by a whole set of characteristic local extremes of the function F=F(t). This violates the monotonicity condition of the function defined by Kendall statistics [5, 7].
In the work, it was shown that the first Kendall statistics can be supplemented if there is reliable a priori information at the coordinates of local extremes that separate areas of growth or decline of the function.
This is achieved by using the identity N=2n (for even number of measurements and symmetric location of extremum point).
Indeed, if you split a sample of measurements into first and second observations, then the value
S2 = s(1) — s(2),
and second order Kendel rank correlation coefficient
ft, =
2 S(n) n(n — 1)
will quantify the nature of the time sequence change {F(t)}.
Analysis of the function shows that if {Fj} monotonically grows from F1 to Fn and monotonically decreases from Fn+1 to F2n-N, then the value of k2 will exactly equal +1. This does not play a role in how quickly the values of Fj grow or decrease with height i. It is only important that the extremum falls on the point number n.
Non-parametric correlation methods and regression to assess the status of the complex building safety diagnostic system.
There are two groups of related observations X=(xi, ..., xm) and Y=(yi, ..., ym).
If there are doubts about the applicability by Gaus of the data distribution model (and they are, in most cases, unfounded), then some alternatives to the least squares method can be used to evaluate the relationship between the Y and X variables. The real content of these measurements is the order in which objects are built according to the degrees of expression of the measured feature. The sequence number of a number in such a sorted list is called its rank [9, 10].
It is necessary to assess the degree of influence of sign X on the degree of severity of response Y. If there is no such influence, then a fair zero hypothesis Ho about the independence of ordinal signs. The solution to this problem is sought based on the measurement ranks.
We describe the mathematical setting of the problem.
Let each i-th dimension be assigned a pair of natural numbers (n, 51), where n - is the rank X1 among the numbers (X1, ..., xm), and 51 - is the ranky among the numbers (y\, ..., ym). At the same time, we assume that there are no repeating values among the series of numbers X and Y, so the transition to the ranks of questions does not cause.
If the features X and Y are interconnected, then the sequence of ranks n, r2, ..., rm affects the rank sequence 51, 52, ..., 5m; otherwise, the order among Y is random with respect to the order among X. Therefore, the central point of discussion of the hypothesis of Ho is to estimate how much the ranks 51, 52, ..., 5m are exactly possible (that is, exactly probable) with any order of numbers n, r2, ..., rm. The second important point is the choice of the measure of similarity of two sets of ranks [11, 12].
A rank correlation coefficient based on the fact that the proximity of these two series of numbers reflects the value:
s = YHl=i(ri-siY,
which varies from 0 if the sequences are completely identical, to
m3 — m 3
when the rank sequences are completely opposite.
Normalized to maximum value, Spearman rank correlation coefficient
p = 1
65
m3
m
varies from +1 up to -1 and accepts the extreme values in case of full predictability of one rank sequence on another. Note that the value of S does not depend on either the first sequence number or the sort order.
Another rank correlation coefficient, known after M. Kendall's work, as a measure of similarity between two rankings uses the minimum number of
East European Scientific Journal #3(67), 2021 27
permutations that must be made between neighboring objects in order to turn one ordering of objects into another.
The Kendall K statistics are calculated as follows. Related observations are built in order of X sign growth and its rank Si is determined for each yi value. On the sequence of ranks si, S2, ..., sm, the number of inversions is determined, that is, violations of the sequence order. For example, with m=4 and a sequence of ranks {4, 3, i, 2}, we have the number of inversions (the essence is Kendall statistics) K=3+2=5, where 3 - is the number of inversions for the number 3 and 2 - is the number of inversions for the number 3. The least possible value of K=0 is obtained with a complete match of rank sequences, most K = m(m — 1)/2 of all with their complete opposite.
The Kendall rank correlation coefficient is a statistic normalized to its maximum and varies within the same limits as the Spearman correlation coefficient:
T = 1 --
4 k
m(m-1)
Kendall's t statistics are equivalent to p Spearman's both in capacity and in fulfilling basic assumptions. Usually, however, the numerical values p of Spearman and t Kendall are different, because they differ both in internal logic and in the way of calculus. More importantly, the Kendall and Spearman statistics have different interpretations: if the Spearman correlation coefficient can be considered as a direct analogue of the Pearson correlation coefficient calculated by ranks, then Kendall statistics are rather based on probability calculations (expressed more accurately, the presence of differences between the probability of closely spaced observed data for two quantities is checked).
If the data has many matching values, then it is better to use the third rank statistics T-criterion that, according to interpretation and calculations, is equivalent to Kendall statistics, except that matches are explicitly taken into account in rationing. In short, t is the difference between the probability that the rank order of two variables coincides, minus the probability that it does not coincide, divided by one minus the probability of coincidences.
To check the assumption that there is no connection between the features, you need to calculate the sample value of any rank correlation coefficient and compare it with the critical value for a given significance level. The null hypothesis Ho should be rejected if the value of the coefficients t or p modulo obtained in the experience exceeds the critical one.
Critical values of rank criteria can be found from tables, or calculated from approximate formulas, which
are based on the fact that at H0 and with increase TTl distribution of random variables p = Vm — l and
t = asymptotically approaches the standard
normal law N(0, i).
Discussion of the results of the study on methods of improving the efficiency of the information system for safe building management.
Analysis of the measurement results shows that for a fairly long period of time the location of local extremes on the dynamogram remains unchanged, although in the time intervals between the coordinates of these extremes there are quite significant variations in stresses.
However, over time, the technical condition of the building changes, which, as a result, is accompanied by a change in the type of dynamogram and the coordinates of the corresponding local extremes. Aging of buildings can be characterized by a temporary vector of stable direction. As a result, it can be assumed that the second-order Kendel statistics will undergo changes with the deterioration of the technical condition of the building.
Analysis of these results shows that the prediction of changes in the technical condition of buildings by only one parameter is not reliable. On the contrary, the change in the fe parameter - Kendel statistics characterizes all stages of building operation and changes in the mode characteristics of their operation.
Analysis of the research results shows that parameter fe is a very sensitive indicator characterizing the change in the level of technical condition of buildings.
Note that the boundary value fe separating one characteristic state of the bearing structure from another is fe=0.5.
Thus, the second-order Kendel statistics can serve as a diagnostic criterion for making judgments of the "yes"/"no" type about the level of technical safety of building operation.
Note at the same time that interval estimates of fe index for "no defects" system state and "presence of developed defect" overlap completely, which indicates low sensitivity of fe parameter directly to defect development.
On the other hand, a hopping change in Kendel statistics when the load-bearing structures come out of the state of "stable daily load, there are no defects" -indicates a high sensitivity of the fe parameter to the moment of changing the level of threshold technical safety of the building operation.
Conclusions.
1. Studies show that high variability of measurement values and changes in the conditions surrounding buildings do not allow reliable comparisons of measured values suitable for expert assessment of changes in the technical state of buildings.
2. The value of the voltage, which is characterized by a high level of noise, is usefully processed using the methods of the theory of ordinal statistics, which allow to process data without constructing scales of absolute estimates. To determine the level of operational safety of buildings, a point estimate can be used - the second-order Kendel rank correlation coefficient, the change in the value of which to a critical value of fe=0.5 indicates
28 East European Scientific Journal #3(67), 2021 a change in the threshold level of safe operation of the facility.
3. Boundaries have been defined and prospects for the application of the proposed methods for improving the efficiency of the information system for integrated building security have been described. The result is methodological recommendations for improving and modernizing the operating algorithms of existing information systems for complex building security.
4. The results of the work are the basis for further scientific research in the direction of deepening the means of intellectualizing the processes of increasing the efficiency of the information system for diagnosing the technical state of complex building safety.
References
GOST 10180-78. Concrete. Methods for determination of the compressive strength and the tensile strength. Gosstroy of the USSR, Publishing house of standards (1979). Moscow, 24.
Integrated models and methods of the automated system of diagnostics of technical condition of construction objects [Text]: monograph / V.M. Mikhailenko, P.E. Grigorovsky, I.V. Rusan, O.O. Terentyev // - K: CP "Komprint", 2017. - P. 229.
Intelligent information systems and technologies for diagnosing the technical condition of buildings. Tutorial / O.O. Terentyev, I.V. Rusan, Ye.V. Warts, E.V. Gorbatyuk, K.I. Kievskaya. - K.: Komprint, 2019.
- P. 121.
Mikhailenko V. M. Information technology assessment of technical condition of building structures using fuzzy models [Text] // O.O. Terentyev, B.M. Eremenko // - D: Construction, materials, engineering, scientific collection. works Under the General editorship of Professor V. I. Bolshakov edition.
- Dnipropetrovsk, 2013. - №. 70. - P. 133 - 141.
Mikhailenko V.M. Treatment of experimental results of the expert system for diagnostics of technical condition of buildings [Text] // O.O. Terentyev,
B.M. Eremenko // - D: Construction, materials, engineering, scientific collection. works Under the General editorship of Professor V. I. Bolshakov edition.
- Dnipropetrovsk, 2014. - №. 78. - P. 190 - 195.
Models and methods of the information system of diagnostics of technical condition of construction objects. Textbook / B.M. Mikhailenko, I.V. Rusan, P.E. Grigorovsky, O.O. Terentyev, A.T. Svidersky, Ye.V. Gorbatyuk. - K.: Komprint, 2018. - P. 325.
Normative documents W issues of abstieg, pasportist, bezpechno Nadine exploits of virobnichih budwell first sparud [Text] // - Kyiv, 2003. - 144 p.
Olexander Terentyev. Fundamentals of the organization of fuzzy inference for the task of diagnosing the technical condition of buildings and structures [Text] // O.O. Terentyev, Y.Y. Sabala, B.S. Malyna // - K.: managing the development of complex systems, collection of scientific papers. -Kiev, 2015. - №. 22. - P. 138 - 143.
Olexander Terentyev. The Method of Direct Grading and the Generalized Method of Assessment of Buildings Technical Condition / Mykola Tsiutsiura // -International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 4 Issue 7, July 2015. - P. 827-829.
Olexander Terentyev. The Method of Prediction of Deformations of Buildings and Failure Analysis the Examination of Technical Condition of Buildings / Malyna Bohdan // - International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 4 Issue 8, August 2015.
- P. 280-282.
Olexander Terentyev. Methodology a comprehensive survey and assessment of technical condition of staircases. Scientific Journal «ScienceRise», Volume 8/2(13), August 2015. - P. 4146.
Olexander Terentyev. Mathematical model of the system of decision support for problem diagnostics of technical condition of building constructions. Scientific Journal «ScienceRise» №9/2(14), September 2015. -P. 35-40.
УДК 622.23.05:620.197.3 ГРНТИ 52.47.97
Neamah A. M.
PhD student оf the Department of Oil, Gas, Condesate National Technical University "Kharkov Polytechnic Institute"
ORSID 0000-0001-5929-7847 Donsky D. F.
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent , Associate Professor of the Department of Oil, Gas, Condesate Production of National Technical University "Kharkov Polytechnic Institute"
ORSID 0000-0003-3546-6110 Nesterenko S. V. Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent , Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry and Integrated Technologies of Kharkivsky National University of Municipal Economy named after A.N. Beketova ' ORSID 0000-0002-2089-6786
THE PROSPECTS OF USE OF INHIBITORS FOR INCREASE IN CORROSION STABILITY OF THE CEMENT RING OF THE CASING OF THE IRAQY OIL FIELDS
