CC BY
0
Nutfieva D.
Tashkent State University of Economics- place of work
IMPROVEMENT OF DIRECTIONS FOR INCREASING THE QUALITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN HIGHER
EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Abstract. This article talks about the teaching of inclusive education in higher education institutions and the quality and effectiveness of inclusive education.
Key words. Human rights, disability, higher education, children with disabilities, improvement of education.
There is a higher concept of human rights in the world. This means that everyone has the same and equal access to all the opportunities available in society. This includes people with limited opportunities and disabilities. As long as the society does not learn to accept such people and treat them equally, it cannot be said that the guarantee of human rights is fully ensured in the country. Especially if we take into account that there are about 1 billion people with disabilities in the world today, it is obvious that this is a very urgent issue.
Therefore, comprehensive support of persons with disabilities in our country, protection of their rights and interests, creation of an unobstructed environment for them to occupy a worthy place in society has been raised to the level of state policy. In this regard, legal foundations are being strengthened, and a number of decrees and decisions are being adopted. The goal is to relieve people with disabilities from hopelessness and insecurity by increasing their life activity, to increase their enthusiasm for living and to help them take their place in society, among others. That is why serious attention is paid to each direction in this regard. One of them is, of course, the development of inclusive education. Now the integration of children with disabilities into general education schools has become a natural stage in the development of the inclusive education system. This is related to the obligation of the society and the state to reconsider the attitude towards children with disabilities, not only to recognize their equal rights, but also to provide such children with wide opportunities in various fields, including education.
On October 13, 2020, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, aimed at improving inclusive education, forming a system of education for children with special educational needs, and improving the quality of educational services provided to them "On measures to further improve the system of education for children with educational needs" was adopted. With this decision, the concept of development of inclusive education in the public education system in 2020-2025 was adopted. The "Roadmap" for the implementation of the concept for 20202021 was approved. It is noteworthy that in 2023-2025, the inclusive education
system will be introduced in 51 percent of general education schools. 40 percent of children with disabilities are involved in this form of education. Two types of integration should be distinguished: educational and social. Educational integration is inclusion, i.e. "inclusive education", which ensures inclusion of a disabled child in one school. Educational environment with typically developing peers. Social integration includes the child's integration into society, that is, his socialization. Social integration applies to all children with developmental disabilities without exception, regardless of the nature and structure of the disorder, special educational needs, age, as well as the type of institution in which they study.
We believe that further development of inclusive education, strengthening the material and technical base of educational institutions should be recognized as one of the priority tasks of the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and it is necessary to create all the conditions for the full implementation of the specified tasks. It should be said that a number of positive trends are observed in this direction, the main of which is manifested in the practical actions of the government to deepen reforms aimed at the development of inclusive education in our country. In particular: the project of development of inclusive education is being implemented in our country at the expense of funds attracted by the Asian Development Bank, projects on strengthening the material and technical base of "Mehribanlik" specialized boarding schools and Mehribanlik houses are being developed and implemented. ". The development of inclusive education in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the problem of supporting the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities is also reflected in the development strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2022-2026. In particular, "Fair social policy development of human capital", the 4th priority goal "Formation of an effective system of support for persons with disabilities, improvement of their quality of life" and the 66th goal directly envisages the protection and implementation of the living rights of disabled people in our country On the occasion of the International Day of Persons with Disabilities on December 3, 2021, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev: "Critically evaluating our work with the disabled, the most vulnerable category of the population, we must ensure that they never feel alone., we will continue to mobilize all the forces and opportunities so that they can actively participate in the life of the state and economy," he said. This indicates that the leadership of Uzbekistan pays great attention to the legal protection of persons with disabilities, their freedoms, as well as the further development and improvement of the inclusive education system in our country. Based on the above, we want people with disabilities in our country to lead a fulfilling lifestyle and live an active life. participation in the economic and political life of society, as well as the development of inclusiveness in our country, which helps us to fulfill our civic obligations, we consider it relevant and important, given the modern reality.
An important aspect of inclusive education is that children and teachers learn from each other and solve problems together. This education should not be one-sided. Therefore, pedagogic skills are important in inclusive education. That is, the teacher will have to have a special approach to children with disabilities going to a general education school. Junior high school students have no idea about children with disabilities. They do not understand that they should not be laughed at, that they are ordinary people like everyone else, only a little weaker.
Adaptive programs have been developed in the field of subjects that answer the questions of teachers about teaching subjects in the conditions of inclusive education. A number of doctoral dissertations are being prepared on this topic. In the 2022-2023 academic year, a number of priority research directions of the department have been determined, and new scientific works are being undertaken. They can be cited as examples of such research directions as the pedagogical and psychological foundations of the cluster of continuous inclusive education, the implementation of the principles of mixed education, the rapid diagnosis of gaps in students' mastery of modules, and the orientation of students to individual work.
In general, we have a lot of work in this regard. In our country, it is aimed not only to provide quality education to children with disabilities, but also to ensure that the society accepts them as equals, and that they, as equal citizens of this country, use all opportunities equally. We aim to contribute to the formation of quality personnel in this educational system. After all, it is a fact that today, attention is being paid to the development of any form of education, and it is considered as the main tool in the development of a mature generation.
References:
l.O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI PREZIDENTINING FARMONI "NOGIRONLIGI BO'LGAN SHAXSLARNI DAVLAT TOMONIDAN QO'LLAB-QUVVATLASH TIZIMINI TUBDAN TAKOMILLASHTIRISH CHORA-TADBIRLARI TO'G'RISIDA" 2017-yil 1-dekabr, PF-5270-son. https://lex.uz/docs/3436196
2. Мамедов К. Д., Пулатова П. М. "Олигофренопедагогика асослари" Педагогика Институтлари дефектология факультети талабалари учун укув кулланма. -Тошкент.: "Укитувчи", 1994.
3. "Fundamentals of inclusive education" - educational methodical guide. Urganch 2020.
4. Muzaffarova, H. (2020). Pedagogical technologies and their application to special educational institutions. Archive Nauchnyx Publication JSPI.
5. 3. Salamanca declaration of inclusive schools as the most effective means of combating discriminatory attitudes and creating a supportive environment in communities, building an inclusive society and providing education for all. (Spain), June 7-10, 1994.
6. Khujaeva, Shoirakhon. "RHYTHMIC VARIATION IN ALISHER NAVOI'S WORK" NAZM UL-JAVAHIR"." Pedagogy 2.2 (2023): 1247-1247.
7. Tashboltaeva T. I SAID KUNGIL DOGIN... //Journal of Modern Educational Achievements. - 2023. - T. 7. - №. 7. - C. 50-54.
