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Husanov B. assistant
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
IMPROVED CONTROL MEASURES AGAINST MAIZE BLADDER
BLACK MOTH DISEASE
Annatsion. This article deals with the study of the effect of modern improved control measures against the black moth disease of corn planted after winter wheat, and the effectiveness of 3 chemicals was determined in the experiment.
Key words. Soil, variety, corn, seedling thickness, growth and development, pathogen, chemicals.
Bayleton Bubble black moth, yield.Maize is not only a favorite food product of our people, but also a crop that is harmful for livestock. Its important point is that in addition to the development of animal husbandry, nutritious silage is made from corn stalks. Nevertheless, in the following years, the products obtained from it are not enough, the main reason for this is not only the quality of grain, but also the spread of diseases, which causes a part of the crop to die.
But in advanced farms and advanced farms, they are able to get a high yield of corn and stalks.
To date, a number of our scientists against the disease of the black blister moth of corn have been able to reduce the disease of the black blister moth by taking modern control measures against this disease.
For example, 2.0-2.5 l/ton of ponaktin 35 m chemical mode at least one month before planting corn grains. He concluded that the treatment was effective.Other experiments have shown that different chemicals have different effects on the fungus that causes the black blister moth disease of corn. It turned out to be 15%, which led to an increase in productivity with a decrease in disease.
According to his information, since the fungus of the black blister moth is a pathogen that loves extreme moisture, it is necessary not to water too strongly during the irrigation stage, otherwise it will cause the pathogen to spread over a large area..
Taking into account that the Ustilago zeal fungus is dangerous, agrotechnical measures should be applied separately to the corn field during the vegetation period. Taking this into account, we conducted a field experiment in the training field of the Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agro-Technology in order to determine the fungicidal ability of various chemicals against the black moth disease of corn.
The experiment consists of 4 and 4 options, and all options are located on one level. Each option consists of 8 rows, the length of one row is 50 meters, and the area occupied by one option is 240 square meters. Uzbekistan-306 MV as the main variety was planted for grain and silage on April 19. The planting pattern
was 60 x 20-1. 7 days after sowing the seeds, when we calculated the degree of germination according to the options, the highest germination was recorded in the 3rd option, i.e. it was 81.3%, while in the control option on this date it was The rate was 76.2%. The indicator in the data obtained on April 30, compared to the previous data, the full germination of the seeds in the control options was 1 day later than in the other options.
In nature, corn does not choose land, but if proper agrotechnical measures are applied to it, better results can be achieved. It is known from our experience that when considering the growth of corn in the situation of May 15, the height of the growth branch was close to each other, i.e. from 38.7 to 42.8 cm. was. But in the subsequent observations, this equality was broken. According to the data from July 1, option 3 turned out to be the best, the height of corn stalks in Buvariani is 62.4 cm.
On this date, the height of the corn stalks of the control variant was 50.1 cm, the difference between them was 12.3 cm, that is, the corn stalks of the control variant were lagging behind in growth. However, in the following days, this phenomenon deepened, especially in the data presented on August 1, the height of the corn stalks in the variant with the Bayleton chemical substance added to the soil at the rate of 1 l/ha per hectare increased to 114.3 cm, while in the control variant on this date the height of corn stalks is 89.4 cm. that is, this option grew 24.9 cm lower than option 3
The more agrotechnical measures are carried out correctly for corn, the more new features will appear in these plants. An example of this can be seen in the example of the experiment we are conducting, the rapid growth of the plant started to produce new leaves. Each stem in this variant has 10.8 leaves.
t/r Experiment Seeds Dates taken into account Number of Number
option output % leaves of sales
at the VI VII VIII IX VIII IX
expense of
1 Nazorat 95. 7 38.7 50.1 73.7 89.4 6.8 7.6 2.0
2 Raksil 96.2 41.3 56.9 81.1 97.9 7.4 9.4 2.7
3 Bayleton 96.0 42.8 62.4 97.6 114.3 9.114. 12.2 4.0
4 Vitovaks 200 ff 95.3 40.6 58.6 84.3 102.8 8.2 10.8 3.5
On this date, 7.6 leaves were formed on each stalk of corn stalks of the control variant. Or there were less than 3.2 leaves compared to option 3. In the standard version, this indicator was 1.8 more leaves compared to the control. In the process of hanging, this law is preserved. According to the obtained data, the most fertile product turned out to be option 3, the characteristic of this option was that in each option, 4 pods were formed, compared to the control option, more than 2.0 pods per stem 'talas formed. During this period, the reference variant was
0.7 more than the control variant. It should be concluded that regardless of the soil conditions for corn, it depends on the measures taken.
Fungicidal ability of different chemicals against black blister moth of maize.
t/r Experiment option Seedling thickness. in the account Dates taken into account Biological efficiency
1VI 1VII 1VIII 1IX
1 Nazorat 56.5 - 3.6 7.2 13.5 -
2 Raksil(etalon) 56.9 - 0.5 3.7 8.1 85.7
3 Bayleton 57.2 - - 0.9 2.5 95.7
4 Vitovaks-200ff 57.4 - - 2.4 6.8 88.0
When proper agrotechnical measures are observed for any agricultural crops, developing crops will definitely have a higher resistance to any disease causing agent, therefore, the period of cohabitation will be extended by 6-8 days.. It can be seen from the given table 4 that the infection of corn with black blister moth disease was different according to the variants.
According to the received information, no disease was observed in all options on June 1. However, since July 1, the incidence in the control option was 3.6%, while in the reference option it was 0.5%, and in options 3 and 4, the incidence was not observed. In the data, all variants were observed in corn stalks infected with black blister moth. According to the obtained data, the most incidence was observed in the stems of the control variant, that is, 7.2%, while the least incidence was recorded in 3 variants, in this variant, the incidence was 0.9%. In the subsequent observations, the information obtained deepened, in the calculations carried out on September 1, a strong infection was seen in the control option, 13.5% damage was observed, while in the same period, this appearance was 2.5% in the corn stalks of the 3 options. the difference between 11.0 was less. The best biological efficiency was 95.7% in option 3, while in the reference option it was 85.7%.
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