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28IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING ADJECTIVES FROM A LINGUACULTURAL
POINT OF VIEW
Hikmatkhon Ziyodkhanovna Madikhanova
2nd year student of Master's degree at ASU
ABSTRACT
The article is devoted to the analysis of linguaculturology, its appearance in the linguistic world, as well as, the linguacultural aspects of adjectives. Here, the adjective "wet" is taken as an example of linguacultural aspect. The adjective "wet" is considered the names denoting the realia of British and American linguaculture.
Keywords: Linguaculturology, cognitive linguistics, anthropocentric paradigm, realia, wet, adjective, the phrase, touch/tangible perception.
INTRODUCTION
In the last century, collection of anthropocentric, functional, cognitive and dynamic paradigms occupied the position of structural paradigm. Movement of interests of researcher from the object of cognition to the subject in anthropocentric paradigm, it can be understood the analysis of language in human being and human being in language. The anthropocentric paradigm is the last and modern scientific paradigm where the problem of human in language and language in human is analyzed; interrelation of human and language becomes the main object of linguistic researches.
METHODOLOGY
This paradigm appeared in the 30s of the XXth century with the linguistic works of American philosophers and linguists, and a number of great linguists all over the world developed it. List of areas are developing in the anthropocentric paradigm of the modern linguistics such as pragmatics, sociolinguistics, ethno linguistics, psycholinguistics, linguistic anthropology and cognitive linguistics, linguistic culturology and gender linguistics are considered the urgent directions of it. Cognitive linguistics investigates language as mechanism of transformation and codification of it. The aim of this linguistics covers the cognition of the world from ones point of view and ways of appearing of receiving processes, categorization, and classification of it. [2,208]
According to a number of specialists, cognitive linguistics and linguistic culturology (linguaculturology) is progressing in the frame of the collection of single general cognitive sciences. The term of "Cognitive science" includes learning processes jointly, receiving them and reworking, saving and using, organizing structure of
knowledge and collection. Furthermore, it arranges collection of a certain scientific thoughts, which is combined for forming the mental activity of these structures. Cognitive science is closely connected with mathematics, logic, philosophy, anthropology and linguistics [1,331].
Language, as one of the main features of the nation, expresses the culture of the people who speak it, the national culture. The two national cultures never fully coincide, and the foreign language involves learning about the national culture of the native speaker. The study of the language and culture connection problem is based on the anthropological approach to the language formulated by W. Humboldt. Language always embodies the originality of an entire nation, the spirit of the nation. His ideas have developed in a variety of humanities, especially in interdisciplinary studies on linguistic study of the country and linguoculturology [3, 451].
DISCUSSION
Linguaculturology is a complex scientific science direction appeared in the basis of inter reaction of linguistics and culturology. This direction investigates interconnection between culture and language, and researches the language as a phenomenon of culture. It shows the observation of the world in the certain view by the cultural prism and by a certain nation's mind and culture. Some scientists define culture as an integrated pattern of human behavior that includes thoughts, communications, languages, practices, beliefs, values, customs, courtesies, rituals, manners of interacting and roles, relationships and expected behaviors of a racial, ethnic, religious or social group and the ability to transmit the above to succeeding generations. In this understanding of "deep culture," language and culture are integral to one another.
Linguaculturology is defined as "a comprehensive scientific discipline of the synthesized type, studying the relationship and interaction of culture and language in its functioning and reflecting this process as a holistic structure of units in the unity of their linguistic and non-linguistic (cultural) content through systemic methods and with a focus on modern priorities and cultural attitudes [5,331].
As you know, high-qualitative adjectives are the direct names of various features of objects. Most often, they are the names of such properties and qualities, which are directly perceived by the senses. The adjective under study combines a certain set of knowledge, which is reflected in the national language picture of the world. The lingvocultural approach provides a recreation of the most complete picture of the functioning of the word in the language in connection with the development of society. Data of linguist study of the country dictionaries and other lexicographical sources of English were used to identify the nationally- cultural specifics of the researched adjective.
From the point of view of V. S.Vinogradov, the vocabulary containing background nationally- cultural information can be divided into everyday realia, which include housing, property; clothes; food, drinks; types of work and occupations; cash signs, units of measure; musical instruments, folk dances and songs, performers; folk festivals, games; animals; plants, landscape; realia of public administration and public life; administrative units and state institutions; public organizations, parties; basic military and police units and ranks; civil posts and professions, titles; onomastic realia and etc. [4,238].The analysis of dictionaries and references revealed the realia related to the history of the country, politics, state structure, education, sports, trade, maritime business, emotional state of a man.
RESULT
In the American variant of English wet state the state where the free sale of alcoholic beverages is allowed, wet night drinking. Wet iforml., slang, drunk, stupid, awkward, tear-crying. In the field of maritime affairs, the adjective has the following phrases wet dock, torrential pool; the imaginative expression with the adjective wet is to come with a wet sail fly/carry on all sails. The adjective wet in combination with some nouns forms a number of units related to the emotional sphere: wet smile smile through tears, wet sock in American slang a tedious personality, a sluggish handshake; wet smack is a random type, boring; to talk wet - to say nonsense.
In the American lingvoculture, the adjective wet can be included in the phrase wetback a person from Mexico who is in the US illegally (considered offensive). The name comes from the fact that many Mexicans cross the Rio Grande River between the two countries in order to avoid immigration officials at the border .
The studied lexema wet is also found in the name of a wet-nurse - a woman employed to give breast milk to another woman's body. The synonym for wet-nurse is Mollycoddle. Longman's dictionary states that mollycoddle to take too much care of (a person or animal), show too much concern for the health and comfort of. [6, 856].
CONCLUSION
Thus, the linguocultural analysis of the tangible perception adjective wet has revealed the cultural marking of names in the field of political, industrial, trade educational organizations. A carrier of cultural information is the internal form of language, the system of conceptual structures underlying the semantics of lexical and nominative units, set phrases, phraseologies, etc.
REFERENCES
1. Воробьев В.В. Лингвокультурология (теория и методы). М, 1997. 331 с.
2. Телия В. Н. Лингвокультурология - ключ к новой реальности феномена воспроизводимости несколькословных образований // Язык. Культура. Общение: Сборник научных трудов в честь юбилея С.Г. ~Тер-Минасовой. - М.: Гнозис, 2008. - С. 207-216.
3. Humboldt, W. Character of language and character of the people // Language and philolosophy of culture M.: Progress, 1985. 451 s
4. Vinogradov, V.S. Translation. Roman languages: general and lexical questions: textbook / 5th ed. M.: KDU, 2009. 238s.
5. Vorobjev, V.V. Lingvoculture (theory and methods). M.: Russian University of Friendship of Nations, 1997. 331s.
6. Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture. New Edition. L.: Longman, 2003. 856 p.
