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IDIOMS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
Barno Bobojonova
Academic Lyceum of Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute
Idioms are the phrases that cannot understand directly word by word, it is an integrity of words that can refer completely another meaning of a particular word. Basically, idioms are not just simple words rather they are the combination of two or more words. Mostly, people can face difficulty in understanding meaning of an idiom but it is natural due its expression. So, we can say that idioms are the highly effective and colored words. It is really intricate to catch up the meaning at the first time because they are complicated type of the simple words. Each language has its own idioms and of course, each idiom explains various meaning in different languages. Well, nearly native speakers comprehend their idioms yet new learners of language completely do not understand them but most language learners try to learn essentially. People utilize them during the speech to resound their words much more influential and fascinating. Idioms help us to adorn our words, it is really gripping to use them rather than repeating simple phrases and words. Idioms are not the same thing as a slang, they are the combination of normal words. People also need to learn idioms separately because certain words together or at certain times can have different meanings. In order to understand an idiom, one sometimes need to know the culture from which the idiom comes from. To know the history of an idiom can be useful and interesting, but it is not necessary to be able to use the idiom properly. For example, most native speakers know that 'No room to swing a cat' means 'there was not much space' and can use idioms properly. However, few know this is because 200 years ago sailors punished by being whipped with a 'cat nine tails'. A big space was cleared on the ship so that the person doing the whipping had room to swing the cat. So, we can understand that an idiom is a phrase whose meaning cannot be understand from the dictionary definitions of each word taken separately. The linguist's term for the real meaning of an idiom is the subtext. Idioms are one of those elements of language that everyone knows, but no one can tell us exactly what it means.
Naturally, we can face one of the significant and basic question, so how can we memorize and swot upon the idioms effectively and faster? There are too many methods and ways that put forward. I guess the most available one is - imagination. By imagining its easier recollect the idioms for a longer period. For example: it is raining cats and dogs. How a funny idiom isn't it? So that means it is raining heavily - then I think about cats and dogs falling from the sky as if they are raining like rain drops.
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Nowadays we can see verity innovations and various amazing methods in our modern pedagogy, without a doubt they really give a hand to boost the quality of teaching as well as to vanish traditional teaching system. Basically, contemporary pedagogy suggests productive ways of teaching instead of mind-numbing traditional teaching. For that reason, each school textbooks revised and completed with supplements. What I would like to shed light on here textbooks enriched with gripping themes, especially English language textbooks are encompassed four main language skills: listening, reading, writing and speaking. So, it contains in different topics, exercises, new vocabularies and so on. Furthermore, students can learn word collocations, phrases, idioms, phrasal verbs and students can evolve their language knowledge with them. For instance, the 11th classes' textbook-group of authors: Feruza Rashidova, Nilufar Tillayeva, Mukaddas Xamzayeva, Gulnora Ristiboyeva. In that book given some examples related to idioms on page 12, 6th exercise, theme: study skill achievement.
Examples:
l.'Pretty penny'- means that something is expensive. Clearly, it costs more than a penny, and all the pennies look the same, so 'pretty' is an unusual descriptor.
2.'Beating a dead horse'- means that something is overdone or pointless. It especially means to keep taking about something that has been discussed at length.
3.'Kill two birds with one stone'- you accomplish two tasks at once. It is a violent phrase for something mundane.
I will be in Paris for a work conference, so I will kill with one stone and visit my parents, too.
4. 'On top of the world' - it means extreme elation.
I was on top of the world when I pass the exams.
5.'Bite the bullet'- means just get something over with, no matter how unpleasant it is. Historically, surgeons had patients bite a bullet between their teeth to deal with pain without anesthetics.
I just need to bite the bullet and finish all laundry.
6.'Off the hook'- letting someone off the hook means letting them get away with something they did wrong or letting them out of a responsibility.
I am off the hook for babysitting Friday nights, so let's go out.
That dress costs pretty penny.
No one is actually beating a dead horse.
CENTRAL ASIAN ACADEMIC JOURNAL ISSN: 2181-2489
OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH VOLUME 2 I ISSUE 6 I 2022
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7.'Speak of the devil'- when someone shows up after you mention them, you can exclaim, 'Speak of the devil!' Even though calling someone a devil might be insulting in other contexts, this idiom is not offensive.
'Well, speak of devil!' I was just telling Ron about your party!
8.'Set the second straight'- means to clarify, especially to debunk untrue information.
Let me set the record straight: my husband and I are not getting a divorce.
9.'Stick to your guns'- if someone 'stick to their guns', they are standing firm in their decision or morals especially in the face opposition.
10.'Hit the nail on the head' - means to get something exactly right. It usually refers to an insight or an answer to a question.
Jane hit the nail on the head when she said that the purpose of the project is not being communicated well to the team.
11.'On thin ice'- means if someone is on the thin ice they are in a precarious or sensitive situation. This idiom is often used to talk about someone who is in trouble.
The student is on thin ice, one more detention, and he'll be suspended. The words used in an idiom usually appear to have nothing to do with the situation. Idioms are a type or figurative language they often have historical roots with more literal meanings. For instance, the phrase 'cost an arm and leg' means that something is very expensive, and historical origin is fascinating. Painters in the18 century used to charge more to include limbs in their paintings, which is why many famous portraits are just a person's bust.
But without a historical context which is in many cases unknown idioms can be difficult to decipher. They rarely translate well. Learning and using idioms is one of the final stages of second-language acquisition.
Like all types of figurative language, idioms can be a powerful tool when used correctly. Idioms are an easy way to make our writing sound more conversational. If we struggle with making a blog posts or emails sound less technical and stiff, throw in an idiom or two. They can also help add emphasis to important points. For fiction writers, idioms can add personality to character's voices. Idioms can vary geographically and generationally, so using appropriate idioms can make our character more authentic.
It is best to avoid idioms in technical or formal writing. Idioms leave a lot of room for misunderstanding, and they aren't precise. Idioms are various from metaphors and analogies because idioms aren't about comparison. They are also different from proverbs. Proverbs are massages or truths, and they often offer advice, such as' an apple a day keeps the doctor away'. That proverb's meaning is clear. The meaning of idioms are less literal or easy to deduce.
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Euphemism are a specific type of idiom, and they are used to address issues that are taboo or sensitive in nature. For instance, we often say that someone has passed away instead of died 'putting a pet to sleep' is a euphemism means 'to euthanize.
References:
1. Oxfam - 2011. 'What British say' journal.
2. BBC News - 2019. You Gov survey: British sarcasm 'lots on Americans'.
3. YouGov - 2019. British subtext.
4. Pupil's book for the 11th grade pupils of secondary schools-Tashkent 'Uzbekistan'-
2018.
