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HOW TO PREPARE VIDEOS FOR STREAMING ON GCM Lam N.1, Thao L.2, Hieu L.3, Khoe N.4, Thuong T.5, Huong L.6 (Russian Federation)
1Lam Nguyen - Student, DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN AND SECURITY, FACULTY OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES
2Thao Le- Student, DEPARTMENT OF GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS, FACULTY OF INFOCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES; 3Hieu Le - Student; 4Khoe Nguyen - Student, DEPARTMENT OF SECURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES, FACULTY OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES; 5Thuong Tran - Student; 6Huong Luu - Student, DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN AND SECURITY, FACULTY OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES, SAINT-PETERSBURG NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES, MECHANICS AND OPTICS, SAINT PETERSBURG
Abstract: the first camera phones, able to record video, appeared for a long time. To record 3GP video format has been selected, which is currently almost all machines replaced the more sophisticated MP4. Naturally, with the ability to record movies of software developers it has been proposed software that can play the captured video. The next step of the advanced users has been obvious. If you convert (convert) video in any format that understands the embedded player, and "feed" his phone, the latter can be used as a portable video player. With Google Cloud Platform everything will be easier and faster. Keywords: video, device, platform, user, file, network.
КАК ГОТОВИТЬ ВИДЕО ДЛЯ ПОТОКОВОЙ ПЕРЕДАЧИ
НА GCM
Лам Н. Ч.1, Тхао Л. Д.2, Хиеу Л. В.3, Кхое Н. Х.4, Тхыонг Ч. Т. М.5, Хыонг Л. Ч. Т. Т.6 (Российская Федерация)
1Лам Нгуен Чонг- студент, кафедра проектирования и безопасности компьютерных систем, факультет информационной безопасности и компьютерных технологий; 2Тхао Ле Дык - студент, кафедра геоинформационных систем, факультет инфокоммуникационных технологий;
3Хиеу Ле Ван - студент; 4Кхое Нгуен Хыу - студент, кафедра безопасные информационные технологии, факультет информационной безопасности и компьютерных технологий; 5Тхыонг Чан Тхи Май - студент; 6Хыонг Лыу Чан Тхи Тхьен - студент, кафедра проектирования и безопасности компьютерных систем, факультет информационной безопасности и компьютерных технологий, Санкт-Петербургский национальный исследовательский университет информационных технологий, механики и оптики, г. Санкт-Петербург
Аннотация: первые камерофоны, умеющие записывать видео, появились достаточно давно. Для записи видео был выбран формат 3GP, который в настоящее время практически на всех аппаратах заменил более совершенный MP4. Естественно, что с возможностью записи роликов разработчиками программного
обеспечения был предложен софт, способный воспроизводить отснятое видео. Следующий шаг всех продвинутых пользователей был очевиден. Если преобразовать (сконвертировать) любой видеоролик в формат, который понимает встроенный проигрыватель, и «скормить» его телефону, то последний можно использовать в качестве портативного проигрывателя видеофайлов. С Google Cloud Платформ всё будет легче и быстрее.
Ключевые слова: видео, устройство, платформа, пользователь, файл, сеть.
In this article I'm going to talk about how to effectively prepare video assets for streaming delivery on Google Cloud Platform. When preparing media files for streaming, there are many options you have to consider: from transcoding, cropping the video files using Google Compute Engine, leveraging open source libraries such as FFMpeg, HandBrake. Or even leveraging manage offerings, like Wix media platform, Zing Coder, and many other commercial offerings. There are many variables that come into play that could interrupt playback, and a few top ones include the diverse devices of your users, are they running on a mobile device, a desktop, a TV with a Chromecast? So you have to account for the different sizes of screens. Secondly, users with varied bandwidth speeds. You're going to have some users that have slow connections, and some of them that are fast. Thirdly, network traffic from your streaming video server has to be blazing fast. And then lastly, the performance abilities of the user's device. Do they have a fast CPU, or a slow CPU?
The goal is to find the right balance between bit rate and resolution, as it relates to the end user's connection speed and device ability. To achieve these goals, we need to leverage a technique called adaptive streaming. Let's explore this concept. So what is adaptive streaming? Well, adaptive streaming is a technique of detecting a user's bandwidth capabilities in real time, taking that information, and adjusting the quality of the video stream accordingly. The result is less buffering, faster start times, and overall a much better user experience for both your high speed and low speed connections. Adaptive streaming works by having multiple bit rates available for the player or server, on a CDN, potentially, to pull content based on the user's connection speed and ability. Let's dig into this concept with an example. Say I have a large video that I need to transcode to accommodate users with mobile resolutions for Android, iOS, and other mobile devices. I also want to ensure I have HD versions of the video that's formatted for big desktop screens, as well as TV devices [1].
So as a user, they should be able to use my app on their device and, unknown to them, multiple streams will be available and will be seamlessly switched to match their internet connection as it degrades or improves. The key is keep this process smooth and seamless. And when using adaptive streaming, we can achieve no interruption to playback. So check out this diagram. I have a sample video player on Google Cloud Platform, and it might be serving up multiple formats all at once. I have a large sample video, 2,612 kilobits per second, another is 1,600 kilobits per second, and another 1,200, and 800, and so on. The goal is to select the right encoding profile to insure each device that's consuming my video content will receive the right format and right size that's appropriate for their connection.
Let's explore how we can prepare our video assets. When selecting a transcoding tool there are several options available to leverage. Depending on your preference, whether you like command line access for automation, or simplistic user interface for manual conversion, there's many open source tools that can be leveraged within Google Compute Engine to provide an automated video transcoding pipeline.
The first is FFMPEG. This is a popular, open-source product that provides an extensive cross-platform solution for converting videos to streaming formats. This tool supports many input container formats. It's a very mature tool, and it has strong automation capabilities. The Nexus HandBrake, another open-source cross-platform tool that you can use to convert any video from nearly any format to a selection of modern, widely supported codecs. That's from the open-source side. From a managed perspective, there are several fully-managed video processing solutions that integrate directly with
Google Cloud Platform. Let's look at a couple of the popular options that could Jumpstart your video solution, and scale up with your app's needs. The first is Brightcove Zencoder. This is a cloud-based transcoding solution for both live video, as well as video on demand. You simply push your video to the Zencoder API, and this managed solution takes care of the rest. Customers like Funny or Die, SmugMug have all built their video workflows around ZenCoder to encode large volumes of video affordably and quickly. So this same powerful tool set is available for you as a developer.
The next is Wix media platform. Another collection of services that allows you to store, serve, upload, and manage images, audio, and video files. This platform allows you to host, transcode, answer video seamlessly across any internet-enabled device. If you want to take the work out of standing up your own video encoding solution, these managed services are definitely the way to go [2].
As a quick recap, it's very important to spend some time thinking through what your primary objectives are for streaming video content, from your app to your target users. You need to think about which options fit your app's needs. As you can see, there are many options to leverage on Google Cloud Platform, from open source tools, to fully managed, third party video processing solutions.
Список литературы /References
1. Google Cloud Platform Documentation. [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://cloud.google.com/docs/ (дата обращения: 07.02.2017).
2. MEDIA SOLUTIONS. [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/media/ (дата обращения: 24.10.2016).
Список литературы на английском языке /References in English
1. Google Cloud Platform Documentation. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://cloud.google.com/docs/ (date of access: 07.02.2017).
2. MEDIA SOLUTIONS. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/ media/ (date of access: 24.10.2016).
