CC BY
66
7. Van Zele T., Holtappels G., Gevaert P., Bachert C. Differences in initial immunoprofiles between recurrent and nonrecurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps//Amer. J. Rhinol. Allergy. -2014. - Vol. 28, № 3. - P. 192-19 August.
8. Yan Y., Gordon W. M., Wang D. Y. Nasal epithelial repair and remodeling inphysical injury, infection, and inflammatory diseases. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 21, 2013; P. 263-270.
Eshnazarov Kamolhuja Eshnazarovich, MD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Shinchon Yonsei Hospital. Seoul, Korea E-mail; [email protected] Jae Han Ko,
MD - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea E-mail; [email protected] Asilova Saodat Ubaevna, MD, Professor - Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics with neurosurgery, Tashkent Medical Academy. Uzbekistan.
E-mail; [email protected]. Khaydarov Azizjon Qosimovich, MD - Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics with neurosurgery, Tashkent Medical Academy. Uzbekistan.
E-mail; [email protected] Hyoung-Sik Kim,
' MD. PhD, - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yonsei University Yongin Severance Hospital. Seoul, Korea E-mail: [email protected] Corresponding author: Hyoung-Sik Kim4" MD. PhD
How changed publication of hip and knee arthroplasty between 2005-2014 years. What we missed?
Abstract: The PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect database was utilized with the similar advanced search to retrieve the corresponding result. Numbers of publication of hip and knee arthroplasty were searched separately on each database with advanced search using the following search terms: (Knee arthroplasty) or (Knee replacement) and (Hip arthroplasty) or (Hip replacement) included publication dates for 10 year from 2005.01.01 to 2014.12.31. Within a formula for the arithmetic mean definition we determined the average measurement of publication of hip and knee arthroplasty. All obtained data were analyzed and formed on the tables and graphs figures using Microsoft Excel for Windows 2013. The cases with hip arthroplasty or hip replacement in PubMed over the 10 years period were 17.939, which increased from 1354 to 2772 between 2005-2014 years. EBSCO Health Medline publications were 17,783, which similarly increased from 1342 to 2235 between 2005-2014 years. And ScienceDirect publications were 29,970 and grew from 1857 to 3600 in period 2005-2014. The hip arthroplasty publication arithmetic mean was increased from 1518 to 2702 between the 2005-2014 years, when the knee arthroplasty publication arithmetic mean was growing from 1136 to 2771. Percent ratio shows that the growth rate of publications knee arthroplasty 10% was faster than hip arthroplasty 7% during the 10 years. Publication of materials knee arthroplasty have been sharply increased during the last years, it shows that the interest in study about problems knee arthroplasty have been increased in conjunction.
Keywords: Hip arthroplasty; knee arthroplasty; language of publication.
Introduction of publication trends hip and knee arthroplasty in last years [13;
In length of time the number of hip and knee arthroplasty sur- 25; 26; 31]. gery has been increased. [1; 2; 3; 4] in parallel the number of re- Most ofpublished studies show that many authors were pointed
search related to this issue has been enlarged [5; 6; 7; 8]. The study to studying various peculiar properties such as analysis publication and research of scientific publications in a specific sphere, in inter- trends in one field, different publication rates between countries national bibliographic databases, is one of the frequently used meth- and journals [14; 15]. Despite the importance publication trends of ods of evaluation the scrutiny of this topic [9; 10; 11; 12]. While the hip and knee arthroplasty were insufficiently studied and pub-reviewing published orthopedic researches and articles in scientific lished in scientific journals [16; 17]. We know that many research-journals, we convinced that only a few articles were published about ers and scholars even clinician doctors commonly use the PubMed
database which comprises over 24 million citations for biomedical literature contains a digital archive of4,800 biomedical and life sciences journals in 30 languages, which were selected by the National Library of Medicine's Literature Selection Technical Review Committee. These articles were selected on a worldwide basis for their scientific merit, validity, importance, originality, and contribution [14; 18] and ScienceDirect delivers over 13 million publications from nearly 2,500 journals and more than 33,000 books from Elsevier or EBSCOhost MedLine Complete that is the largest companion to the MedLine index and provides full text for over 2,500 medical journals [19; 20].
The purpose of this study was to more in-depth analysis of the dynamics ofpublication of the hip and knee arthroplasty for the last 10 years. Accordingly, we decided to study:
1. Searching the difference publications on topics ofhip and knee arthroplasty PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect.
2. Analysis and study of the relationship between publications of hip and knee arthroplasty in PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect.
3. Determination of the ability to reach and use of hip and knee arthroplasty scientific articles with analysis published cases on EBSCO Health MedLine and study the status of the language of publication the example of the Russian part of the publication.
Materials and Methods
The PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect database was utilized with the similar advanced search to retrieve the corresponding result. Numbers of publication of hip and knee arthroplasty were searched separately on each database with advanced search using the following search terms: (Knee arthroplasty) or (Knee replacement) and (Hip arthroplasty) or (Hip replacement) included publication dates for 10 year from 2005.01.01 to 2014.12.31. Publication date results were further refined for years, by using the search option "Results by year". To determine the total number of citations were found all source types, journal, magazines, guidelines, books and reference work articles include online internet publications with the word (All) for each available text and article types.
The total number of citations (Hip arthroplasty) or (Hip replacement) available in PubMed searching with (("hip" [MeSH Terms] OR "hip" [All Fields]) AND ("arthroplasty" [MeSH Terms] OR "arthroplasty" [All Fields])) OR ("arthroplasty, replacement, hip" [MeSH Terms] OR ("arthroplasty" [All Fields] AND "replacement" [All Fields] AND "hip" [All Fields]) OR "hip replacement arthroplasty" [All Fields] OR ("hip" [All Fields] AND "replacement" [All Fields]) OR "hip replacement" [All Fields]) AND ("2005/01/01" [PDAT]: "2014/12/31" [PDAT]) and calculating by years results were 17.939. And citations (Knee arthroplasty) or (Knee replacement) with using ("arthroplasty, replacement, knee" [MeSH Terms] OR ("arthroplasty" [All Fields] AND "replacement" [All Fields] AND "knee" [All Fields]) OR "knee replacement arthroplasty" [All Fields] OR ("knee" [All Fields] AND "arthroplasty" [All Fields]) OR "knee arthroplasty" [All Fields]) OR ("arthroplasty, replacement, knee" [MeSH Terms] OR ("arthroplasty" [All Fields] AND
"replacement" [All Fields] AND "knee" [All Fields]) OR "knee replacement arthroplasty" [All Fields] OR ("knee" [All Fields] AND "replacement" [All Fields]) OR "knee replacement" [All Fields]) AND ("2005/01/01" [PDAT]: "2014/12/31" [PDAT]) and calculating by years results accounted 15.214.
EBSCO Medline Complete results the (Hip arthroplasty) or (Hip replacement) with select optional fields, search modes (Find all my search terms), (All) age related, sex, subject subset, clinical queries, journal and citation subset, publication type and other search options from 2005.01.01 to 2014.12.31 date publication period were 17,783 cases and the (Knee arthroplasty) or (Knee replacement) were indicate 15.103.
Amount of the total ScienceDirect (Hip arthroplasty) or (Hip replacement) search was provided with expert search all publication in all journals and books and reference work which showed search results: 29,970 results found for pub-date > 2004 and pub-date < 2015 and All (hip arthroplasty) or All (hip replacement) pdt AFT 20050101, whereas the data of the search results: 26,175 results found for pub-date > 2004 and pub-date < 2015 and All (knee arthroplasty) or All (knee replacement) pdt AFT 20050101 after re-counted by years result.
We used the formula for the arithmetic mean definition to determine the average measurement ofpublication ofhip and knee arthroplasty in PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect.
AMP =1 a. =1 (al + a2 +... + an )
n '=i ' n
AMP—Arithmetic mean ofhip and knee arthroplasty in PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and ScienceDirect, n — amount of databases, a — the number ofpublications per year on a single database.
For retrospective analysis and estimate of ratio between the Russian languages publication of the Hip and Knee arthroplasty in the EBSCO Health MedLine and publication quantity in the journal Traumatology and orthopedics of Russia separately were searched from the database sites online.
Statistical analysis
All obtained data were analyzed separately, compared and formed on the tables and graphs figures using Microsoft Excel for Windows 2013. The publication rates were calculated as a relative percentage when compared to the total number of publications retrieved in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software for Windows (version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) for variables including the year of publication, number of authors, country of origin, and institution type. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
Trend ofpublications hip and knee arthroplasty
The cases with hip arthroplasty or hip replacement in PubMed over the 10 years period were 17.939, which increased from 1354 to 2772 between 2005-2014 years. EBSCO Health Medline publications were 17,783, which similarly increased from 1342 to 2235 between 2005-2014 years. And ScienceDirect publications were 29,970 and grew from 1857 to 3600 in period 2005-2014. (Table 1)
Table 1. - Arithmetic Mean of Publication (AMP) of the hip arthroplasty among PubMed, ScienceDirect and EBSCO Health MedLine. P-values < 0.05
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
PubMed 1,354 1,440 (6%) 1,446 (0%) 1,528 (6%) 1,783 (17%) 1,754 (-2%) 2,001 (14%) 2,157 (8%) 2,204 (2%) 2,272 (3%) 17,939 (6%)
ScienceDirect 1,857 2,924 (57%) 2,763 (-6%) 2,750 (0%) 3,023 (10%) 3,214 (6%) 3,078 (-4%) 3,211 (4%) 3,550 (11%) 3,600 (1%) 29,970 (8%)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
EBSCO MedLine 1,342 1,435 (7%) 1,439 (0%) 1,530 (6%) 1,781 (16%) 1,748 (-2%) 1,990 (14%) 2,126 (7%) 2,157 (1%) 2,235 (4%) 17,783 (6%)
Arithmetic Mean of Publication (AMP) 1,518 1,933 (27%) 1,883 (-3%) 1,936 (3%) 2,196 (13%) 2,239 (2%) 2,356 (5%) 2,498 (6%) 2,637 (6%) 2,702 (2%) 21,897 (7%)
Similar to trends were the materials indicated knee arthroplas- 963 to 2437 and ScienceDirect 26,175 beginning from 1479 in ty in PubMed 15.214 between 2005-2014 years, increasing from 2005 rose to 3413 in 2014 year. (Table 2) 966 to 2464, in EBSCO Health Medline 15,103 with grew from
Table 2. - Arithmetic Mean of Publication (AMP) of the knee arthroplasty among PubMed, ScienceDirect and EBSCO Health MedLine. P-values < 0.05
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total
PubMed 966 1,072 1,131 1,182 1,363 1,448 1,564 1,964 2,060 2,464 15,214
(11%) (6%) (5%) (15%) (6%) (8%) (26%) (5%) (20%) (11%)
ScienceDirect 1,479 2,448 2,425 2,401 2,591 2,742 2,622 2,968 3,068 3,413 26,175
(66%) (-1%) (-1%) (8%) (6%) (-4%) (13%) (3%) (11%) (10%)
EBSCO MedLine 963 1,066 1,126 1,179 1,360 1,436 1,548 1,949 2,039 2,437 15,103
(11%) (6%) (5%) (15%) (6%) (8%) (26%) (5%) (20%) (11%)
Arithmetic Mean of Publi- 1,136 1,529 1,561 1,587 1,771 1,875 1,911 2,294 2,389 2,771 18,831
cation (AMP) (35%) (2%) (2%) (12%) (6%) (2%) (20%) (4%) (16%) (10%)
Our results show that the number of publications hip and knee arthroplasty was increased during the period 2005-2014, only the number of publications in ScienceDirect was more than others. Ratio of publication hip and knee arthroplasty The hip arthroplasty publication arithmetic mean was increased from 1518 to 2702 between the 2005-2014 years, when the knee arthroplasty publication arithmetic mean was growing from 1136 to 2771. Percent ratio shows that the growth rate of publications knee
arthroplasty 10% was faster than hip arthroplasty 7% during the 10 years.
The graph shows us that the publication arithmetic mean hip and knee arthroplasty have a very big difference between each other at the beginning of last over the 10 years with the advantage hip arthroplasty. But the index of publications in recent years shows an equation the knee arthroplasty with the publication of the hip. (Figure 1).
kiiec ittltinupla-sJy
— - - - f«r rM ^v: i-fo ftVJ
V ¿Tr V V b> tr V V
Figure 1. Arithmetic Mean of Publication (AMP) Difference between the hip arthroplasty and knee arthroplasty
110
Figure 2. Different publication trends hip and knee arthroplasty between EBSCO Health MedLine and Journal Traumatology and orthopedics of Russia
Status of the language of publications
A large number of publications have been made over the 10 years by EBSCO Health Medline of more than 40 languages, but
the publications about the hip arthroplasty were 60 from 17,783 and the knee arthroplasty were 21 in Russian from 15,103 of all search results. However in the journal Traumatology and orthopedics of
Russia where published 118 hip arthroplasty and 39 knee arthroplasty articles, abstracts, thesis and other materials in Russian and English per the studying period (Figure 2).
This shows that the large number of journals and publication of articles in specific sources cannot display all the real number of publications in certain research scale without the extensive involvement of many of the major journal and references from all over the world.
Discussion
The present study aimed at exploring the level ofevidence of published articles in the field of hip and knee arthroplasty per years 20052014 and we have combined data from three different sources PubMed, EBSCO Health MEDLINE and the ScienceDirect to estimate the publication arithmetic mean hip and knee arthroplasty in this database.
Good clinical methods should be based on the existing evidence based on scientific publications and research (24). Many authors have investigated the level of hip and knee arthroplasty publications in some region, relative publication between countries, study clinical outcomes publication or rates ofpublication by years in only one database [7; 15; 16; 17; 27]. However, we decided to explore publication trends ofknee and hip arthroplasty within 10 years in three databases.
Despite some authors show a very high increase of the number ofpublication [15], and even some authors argue with decline percent of publication in some countries [17], In our findings the publication arithmetic mean hip arthroplasty in PubMed, EBSCO Health MedLine and the ScienceDirect datebases have been increased from 1518 to 2702 when the knee arthroplasty publication was increased from 1136 to 2771. For comparison with other studies we paid attention to the opinions of other researchers, many authors studied hip and knee arthroplasty separately [1; 4; 15; 25; 26] or summered together [2; 3; 5; 7; 16; 17] but none researches was conducted to study the ratio of the publication arithmetic mean hip and knee arthroplasty between hip and knee arthroplasty publications over the last 10 years. Although in our instance, having a lower number of publications, rate of increase the publication arithmetic mean of the knee arthroplasty was higher than hip arthroplasty publications. This can be understood, during the increasing the publication arithmetic mean of knee arthroplasty [3; 5; 15; 25] in parallel enlarged researches in this area [13; 14; 15].
In the next stage of our study we will take into account what the research productivity for several medical fields in various countries
has been studied and that shows the number of published articles is considered as an index of quantity of research productivity [14; 22; 23] And several researchers interested in regional and a linguistic criterion publishing [11; 14; 15; 28; 29; 30]. However our analyses present absolute incompatibility number of publication in EBSCO Health MedLine with objective quantity publication in a certain region or language (Figure 2). Knowing two sets of issues: General principles ofpublications in international journals and objective attitude to all publications, regardless of language differences forced us to answer some important questions. At first; The requirement to write only in English and the large number of publications in many of the database in English [28; 28], creates a very big problem for non-English-speaking authors, especially those countries which already has huge scientific potential in other languages. Secondly; large number of researches are conducted in many countries, in despite of the language barriers or economic status [6; 8; 10; 11; 12; 14; 15; 27; 29]. In the third; Studies show that many researchers for the solution of scientific problems lean to the much popular publication or publications with high impact factor [11; 12; 15; 24; 31] leave out of sight hard reachable or little-studied scientific works, even if they have great scientific value.
Despite the great effort to study all our aim, our study had a few limitations. Insufficiency of our method is the results will show only the scale of the studied databases and the result gives us the arithmetic mean of cited case in our databases, not number of publication. Although not one search system and none of calculation exist in our time cannot show or calculate the absolutely exact number ofpublications, we tried to find a more convenient and simpler solution to this problem and we took for our research three more accessible and more perfect search engines in our opinion, such PubMed, EBSCO Health Medline and the ScienceDirect..
Conclusion
The publication of materials knee arthroplasty have been sharply increased during the last years, it shows that the interest in study about problems knee arthroplasty have been increased in conjunction.
It is necessary to open more opportunities delivering these objects in international scientific publications and attract more researchers from different countries, for a more objective assessment an analysis of scientific data, despite their linguistic or other barriers.
References:
1. Ankit Bansal, Omar N. Khatib, Joseph D. Zuckerman. Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty: The Epidemiology of 63140 Cases in New York State//J Arthroplast. 2014. 29 (1). 23-27 p.
2. Jasvinder A. Singh, Michael B. Vessely, W. Scott Harmsen et al. Population-Based Study of Trends in the Use of Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty, 1969-2008. Article Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2010. 85 (10). 898-904 p.
3. Sunny H. Kim, Sebastian Gaiser, John P. Meehan. Epidemiology of Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasties in Germany 2004 to 2008//J Arthroplast. 2012. 27 (10). 1777-1782 p.
4. Shivan S. Jassim, Ivor S. Vanhegan, Fares S. Haddad. The Epidemiology of Total Hip Arthroplasty in England and Wales//Seminars in Arthroplasty.2012. 23 (4). 197-199 p.
5. Culliford D., Maskell J., Judge A. et al. COASt Study Group. Future projections of total hip and knee arthroplasty in the UK results from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink//Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 2015 23 (4). 594-600 p.
6. Benedict U. Nwachukwu, Frank McCormicket et al. A Comprehensive Analysis of Medicare Trends in Utilization and Hospital Economics for Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty From 2005 to 2011//J Arthroplast. 2015. 30 (2) 15-18 p.
7. Lucas Romero, Marc Nieuwenhuijse, Andrew Carr, Art Sedrakyan, Review of Clinical Outcomes-Based Anchors of Minimum Clinically Important Differences in Hip and Knee Registry-Based Reports and Publications//J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014. 17 (96). 98-103 pp.
8. Bozic K.J., Kamath A.F., Ong K. et al. Comparative Epidemiology of Revision Arthroplasty: Failed THA Poses Greater Clinical and Economic Burdens Than Failed TKA//Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015. 473 (6). 2131-8 p.
9. Easterbrook P.J., Gopalan R., Berlin J. A., Matthews D.R. Publication bias in clinical research//The Lancet. 1991. 337 (8746). 867-872 p.
10. Soteriades E.S., Falagas M.E. Comparison of amount of biomedical research originating from the European Union and the United States//BMJ. 2005.331.192-194 p.
11. Seyed Behzad Jazayeri, Ali Alavi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar. Situation of Medical Sciences in 50 Top Countries from 1996 to 2010-Based on Quality and Quantity of Publications//Acta Med Iran. 2012. 50 (4).273-278 p.
12. Li-feng Lao; Michael David Daubs; Kevin H Phan Jeffrey C Wang. Comparative study of scientific publications in orthopedics journals originating from USA, Japan and China (2000-2012)//Acta Cir. Bras.2013. 28 (11). 13-16 p.
13. Merter Yalcinkaya, A. Erdem Bagatur. Articles published in Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica between 2003-2012: content, characteristics and publication trends//Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014. 48 (5). 576-583 p.
14. Kyoung Min Lee, Mi Sun Ryu, Chin Youb Chung et al. Characteristics and Trends of Orthopedic Publications between 2000 and 2009//J Clin.Orth.Surg. 2011.3.225-229 p.
15. Adil Ajuied, Diane Back, Christian Smith, Andrew J. Davies, Fabian Wong, Peter H. Earnshaw. Publication Trends in Knee Surgery: A Review of the Last 16 Years//J Arthroplast. 2013. 28 (5). 751-758 p.
16. Eric W. Lloyd, Jeffrey A et al. Publication Rates of Scientific Presentations at the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Annual Meetings From 1996 to 2001//J Arthroplast.2006. 21 (6). 2-5 p.
17. Michael R. Meneghini, Glenn S. Russo, Jay R. Lieberman. Published Research in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty from the United States has Declined over the Past Decade Relative to Other Countries//J Arthroplast. 2010. 25 (3). e44 p.
18. National Library of Medicine. PubMed Help Publication Details. 2015 (Internet) Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/books/NBK3827/?report=reader.
19. Elsevier. ScienceDirect. What is ScienceDirect? Search ScienceDirect now. 2015 (Internet) Available from: http://www.elsevier. com/solutions/sciencedirect.
20. EBSCO Health. Product. Medline Complete. 2015 (Internet) Available from: https://health.ebsco.com/products/medline-complete.
21. Journal Traumatology and orthopedics of Russia (Research and practice journal). (Intrenet) 2015 avialable from: http://journal.rniito. org/index.html
22. Rahman M., Fukui T. Biomedical publication — global profile and trend//Public Health. 2003. 117. 274-280 p.
23. Rahman M., Fukui T. Biomedical research productivity: factors across the countries//Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2003. 19. 249-252 pp.
24. Massimo Del Fabbroa, Stefano Corbellab, Igor Tsesisc, and Silvio Taschieri. The Trend of Quality of Publications in Endodontic Surgery: A 10-year Systematic Survey of the Literature//J Evid Base Dent Pract. 2015. 15. 2-7 p.
25. Christof Pabinger, David Benjamin Lumenta, Daniel Cupak et al. Quality of outcome data in knee arthroplasty. Comparison of registry data and worldwide non-registry studies from 4 decades.//Acta Orthopaedica. 2015. 86 (1). 58-62 p.
26. Delaunaya C. Iovanescub L., Necas L. Hochgatterer R., Labek G. Quality and reproducibility of French publications on total hip arthroplasty. Literature in Arthroplasty study group of the European Arthroplasty Register//Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. 2013. 99. 257-262 p.
27. Yunchao Shao, MD Chi Zhang, MD, Kory D et al. The Fate of the Remaining Knee (s) or Hip (s) in Osteoarthritic Patients Undergoing a Primary TKA or THA//J Arthroplast. 2013. 28. 1842-1845 p.
28. Gao, Yuan et al. "Bibliometric Profile of Neurogenic Bladder in the Literature: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis." Neural Regeneration Research//PMC. 2015. 10 (5). 797-803 p.
29. Jason W. Busse, Paul Bruno et al. An efficient strategy allowed English-speaking reviewers to identify foreign-language articles eligible for a systematic review//J Clin. Epid. 2014. 67 (5). 547-553 p.
30. Lee Squitieri B.S., Elizabeth Petruska, B.S., Kevin C. Chung, MD. Publication Bias in Kienbock's Disease: Systematic Review//J Hand Surgery. 2010. 35 (3). 359-367 p.
31. Lukas A. Holzer, M.D., Gerold Holzer, M.D. The 50 Highest Cited Papers in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty//J Arthroplast. 2014. 29. 453-457 p.
Zakirkhodjayev Murod Asrorovich, Deputy chief of the adults' clinic of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
E-mail: [email protected]
New approaches to diagnostics and conservative therapy methods of flat- footedness in children
Abstract: The efficacy of the application of electrophysiological tests, including computer planography, which reflect characteristics of flat-footedness in children, was determined. Conservative therapy methods applied at the early stages of flat-footedness formation provide correction of the anatomical integrity and mobility of foot. Keywords: flat-footedness, diagnostics, conservative therapy, children.
On the modern stage of orthopedics development sufficient tients. That specialists' interest promotes detalization of pathologic attention is paid to the problem of flat-footedness; new multifunc- manifestations and design of high quality diagnostic and therapeutic tional devices are designed for diagnostics and treatment of the pa- methods. Earlier used strategies are replaced by more physiological
