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0(H&E). The specimens were examined under a Leica DM 1000 microscope and images were captured with a charge-coupled device camera at *10 and *40 magnifications. Qualitative histological assessment of intestinal injury was carried out to obtain an overall damage severity result.
Results and discussion. According to finding the most prominent histologic picture characterized by presence the signs of arterial hyperemia and erythrocytes stasis on the 3rd day, in particular, in rats exposed to 56Mn and 60Co compared to rats from Mn02 and control groups. On the 14th day in 56Mn-exposed rats were a slight devastation of spermatogonia, degenerative changes in spermatocytes. Separate seminiferous tubules with pronounced necrobiosis. In the testicular parenchyma only spermatids were traced. In contrast, in convoluted seminiferous tubules at 60Co-exposed rats the cells number of spermatogenic epithelium were reduced, Leydig cells were in a state of degenerative changes too. Majority of experimental animals exposed to neutron and Y-radiation more pronounced alterations were observed on the 60th day after exposure, consisting the appearance of expressed necrobiotic changes in spermatocytes and weakly expressed necrobiosis with a tendency to necrosis of spermatids, whereas in Mn02-inhaled rats dominated only signs of vascular hyperemia. It should be noted that in rats inhaled by Mn02 were observed sclerosis of vascular walls.
Conclusion. Our data obtained from in vivo experiments provide strong evidence that neutron (56Mn) and Y-radiation (56Co) causes formation of morphologic features, namely edematous and kariopyknotic alterations depending on both dose and type of radiation. Summing up, 56Mn effect on the testes of rats showed a high level of risk exposure, which is confirmed by the presence of degenerative and necrotic changes.
HISTOSTRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS OF 56Mn- AND 60Co-IRRADIATED RAT INTESTINE
Sagatbek Zh.B1, Ilderbayev O.Z.1, Uzbekov D.E.1, Chaizhunusova N.Zh2, Shabdarbaeva D.M.2, Uzbekova S.E.2
1L.N. Gumilyov «Eurasian National University» NCJSC, Astana, the Republic of Kazakhstan; 2«Semey Medical University» NCJSC, Semey, the Republic of Kazakhstan
darkhan.uzbekov@mail. ru
Introduction. It is commonly known that dominant role of neutron-activated radionuclide 56Mn was noted in Japanese scientists' treatises who studied the atomic bomb effects of Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
deserving the interest hitherto. It was previously reported the internal dose estimates in inner organs of 56Mn-exposed rats. According to dosimetry the highest doses were recorded in the small intestine.
Objective of the study: to compare the histostructural alterations in the small intestine of rats exposed to 56Mn- and 60Co-radiation.
Materials and methods. In experiment, both sexes «Wistar» rats in amount of 36, weighting approximately 220-330 g. Four groups were identified. On the first group of animals (n=9) affected by neutron-activated 56Mn powder using «Baikal-1» nuclear reactor. Activated powder with total activity of 56Mn 2.75* 108 Bq was sprayed pneumatically over rats. For the second group used inactivated Mn02 which sprayed in special box with biological objects (n=9). The third group of animals (n=9) were irradiated with a single dose of 2.0 Gy using 60Co Y-ray by czech radiotherapeutic device «Teragam K-2 unit». The fourth group consisted of control rats (n=9). Necropsy of the animals were on the 3rd, 14th and 60th days after irradiation, then the small intestine surgically removed, afterward it was fixed in 10% formalin. Tissues fragments embedded in paraffin, then sections are manufactured serial transverse 4 ^m thickness, which were subsequently stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The specimens were examined under a Leica DM 1000 microscope. Qualitative histological assessment of intestinal injury was carried out to obtain an overall damage severity result. Additionally, for stereoscopic changes, a microphotometric system with Avtandilov's ocular measuring grid was used. In each micropreparation, 20 fields with a total area of 181 points were counted.
Results and discussion. Results of morphologic studies have shown that histostructural changes in the small intestine observed in irradiated rats little differed from the previously published results using different radiation models. The most prominent histological pattern characterized by presence the signs of inflammation based on cell infiltration and degeneration on the basis of edema on the 3rd and 14th day, in particular, in rats exposed to 56Mn compared to rats from Mn02 and 60Co groups. Our research results and their comparison with literature data led to the conclusion that majority of experimental animals exposed to neutron and Y-radiation more pronounced changes were observed on the 60th day after exposure, consisting the appearance of chronic inflammation, signs of degeneration and foci of necrosis, whereas in Mn02-inhaled rats dominated degenerative changes, namely pericellular edema. Consequently, the most pronounced dystrophic, inflammatory and necrotic changes are observed in the late periods after irradiation of 56Mn when studying histostructural processes occurring in the tissues of the studied animal organs after exposure to neutron-activated manganese dioxide and external irradiation identified by the totality of morphometrical
indicators, confirming these above-mentioned typical pathological processes.
^nclus^. Our data obtained from in vivo experiments provide strong evidence that neutron radiation causes formation of morphologic features typically for radiation enteritis, that is a form of small intestinal injury, depending upon both dose and type of radiation. Summing up, 56Mn affects the small intestine of rats showed a high level of risk exposure confirming by the presence of abundant degenerative, inflammatory and necrotic changes and the morphometric indicators.
АНАЛИЗ ХРОНОТИПОВ С ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ СОСТОЯНИЕМ СТУДЕНТОВ МЕДИКОВ
Хайруллозода В.М., Нурализода М.А., Саидова М.Г.,
Учреждение ГОУ «Хатлонский государственный медицинский
университет», Дангара, Республика Таджикистан; Учреждение ГОУ «<Таджикский государственный медицинский университет им.Абуали ибни Сино»», Душанбе, Республика
Таджикистан бг. уэНаоп@_апэИ. сот
Цель исследования. Исследовать взаимосвязь между хронотипами и типами агрессии.
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 200 студентов 2 курса медицинского факультета Хатлонского государстенного медицинского университета. Психофизиологическое исследование проводилось на программно-аппаратном комплексе «Психотест» (Нейрософт, 2009; http://www.neurosoft.ru) по которому студенты были классифицированы по типам высшей нервной деятельности (ВНД), оценивали хронотип, тревожность у каждой группы студентов в контексте их хронотипа. Использовался икритерий Манна-Уитни ) при р<0.05
Результаты исследования. Анализ общей агрессии показал, что холерики проявляют более высокие проценты в каждом из хронотипов: 25% жаворонков, 35% голубей и 40% сов. Это указывает на их склонность к общей агрессии в различных периодах суток. Флегматики демонстрировали сбалансированные проценты: 20% жаворонков, 50% голубей и 30% сов, что может свидетельствовать о более умеренной натуре их агрессивных проявлений. Меланхолики имеют самые низкие проценты в группе: 10% жаворонков, 30% голубей и 60% сов, что указывает на более выраженную агрессивность в вечернее и ночное время. Сангвиники имели более
