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HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
R. K. Choriev
Under the conditions of building a society with new thinking in Uzbekistan, the teachers of the republic have set the goal of forming a harmoniously developed young generation. The transformations taking place in the country, and the emergence of different pedagogical theories, have considerably extended the range of the teacher’s social and cultural tasks; in this connection, the paradigm of person-oriented teaching has become a priority. In the present multicultural society of Uzbekistan, the teachers’ responsibility for teaching and character building of young people is growing increasingly, which demands freedom of choice from the teacher. It’s especially important to develop the teacher’s creative functions. From these positions, a contemporary teacher must create conditions for an open educational environment, for learners to become conscious of themselves as full-fledged subjects in the educational process, for understanding the importance of the received knowledge in their life and professional activities. People receiving education must both have the right to free choice and be responsible for their choice. The principal question is who must provide them with the freedom of choice: the educational process or the teacher?
In the system of open education, the responsibility for forming a harmoniously developed personality rests on all subjects of the education/upbringing process. Such an approach provides an opportunity to ensure quality and efficiency of development of creative functions of future teachers at all stages of training. The pedagogical goals of higher education change accordingly; the main ones can be presented as follows: (a) creating the necessary pedagogical conditions for developing professional-personal qualities of future specialists; (b) providing the possibility for personal self-assertion of the future teacher and practical application of his/her knowledge; (c) training students not in assimilation of ready knowledge and models, but in the skills of choosing knowledge meeting their personal needs and requesting the most of the numerous variants; (d) formation of creative abilities in the future teacher, organizing qualities, skills of performing his professional activities as an assistant, coordinator of the educational process within the frames of pedagogical cooperation.
In the present conditions, the content of the teaching information in the system of higher education of Uzbekistan keeps changing and being updated. These changes are ensured by the need to solve professional-personal and training tasks faced by the subjects of the pedagogical process. A current teacher must shift from the principle of teaching sciences to formation of the skills and techniques of self-education in learners. He/she must revise the content of training with account of the possibilities to reveal personal specific features of learners. The teacher must be a creative person, take account of the changes and development of pedagogical technologies and rely on the concept of professional-personal teaching in his professional activities. The results of our research show that changes of the paradigm of the pedagogical process influence learners
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determining the roles and functions of participants. Of special significance in the system of person-oriented teaching are the subject - subject relations.
Today in the microsocium of Uzbekistan there is a demand for independent, dynamic, intensively developing personalities. The person-oriented system creates possibilities for formation of such a personality. It is important for the teacher to introduce the following into the learners’ consciousness: (a) a conscious choice of their walk of life; (b) independent identification of their life goals; (c) awareness of the feeling of personal responsibility for their choice. The solution of these pedagogical tasks is largely complicated due to learners’ socialization by means of the present information media. Therefore, teachers must be very attentive to the information coming from outside and independently used by learners as they yet lack sufficiently formed skills of selecting information material. Today the ideas, world outlook and consciousness of learners are formed under the influence of an intensive information flow. For most learners their inner culture develops in accordance with the changing society.
Pedagogical and communication means are now changing at a fast rate, which is reflected in pedagogical cooperation, forms and methods of teaching. In the system of person-oriented education, one must strive for development of individual abilities of the future teacher, revealing his inner world. In this connection it is necessary to create conditions for integration of scientific knowledge, and assimilation of world spiritual values and social culture. The method of pedagogical cooperation is primarily aimed at satisfying the needs of every student; for that purpose it is necessary to form the ability of creative thinking in teachers, as well as the skills of solving and merging innovative ideas and getting satisfaction from their effectiveness.
Our research has confirmed the possibility of fulfilling the aforesaid tasks in the training process where the teacher and the student act as equal subjects. The teacher’s activities in the person-oriented educational process come down to the following: creating case studies for the student’s activity as the subject of the educational process; organizing the process of learning the educational subject by students proceeding from its content, external and internal links; formation of a respectful attitude to the culture of representatives of other nationalities in students; compliance with the principle of perception and understanding of the students’ world outlook in the training process.
Consecutive development of creative functions of future teachers in higher pedagogical educational institutions is a mandatory condition in the present world as the requirements of the teacher and the tasks set for him keep changing dramatically.
References
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Узбекистан тараккиётининг пойдевори. - Тошкент: Шарк НМК, 1997.
2. Узбекистан Республикасининг «Кадрлар тайёрлаш миллий дастури» // Баркамол
авлод - Узбекистан тараккиётининг пойдевори. - Т ошкент: Шарк НМК, 1997.
3. Сергеев И. С. Основы педагогической деятельности. - М.: Владос, 2004.
4. Сериков В. В. Природа педагогической деятельности и особенности
профессионального образования педагога // Педагогика. - 2010. - № 5.
Translated from Russian by Znanije Central Translations Bureau
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