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name. In computer science, the arrangement of data according to some rules is called its regularization.
Search for information. People often deal with the task of searching for the information they need from various types of information carriers. For example: the translation of a foreign word from the dictionary, the phone number from the phone book, the departure time of the train from the timetable, the necessary formula from the book, the necessary books from the library catalog, etc. they have to search. These activities are generally called searching for information from external sources (books, charts, tables, etc.). The task of searching for information is also related to information processing. Literature:
1. 1. «Conception of Digital Economy Development in Turkmenistan for 2019-2025» - Ashgabat, 2018
2. 2. The law of Turkmenistan «On electronic document, electronic document management and digital services»// Bulletin of Mejlis of Turkmenistan - 2020
3. www.turkmenistan. Org.
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УДК 62
Гельдиев Г.,
Преподаватель
Туркменский государственный институт финансов
HARDWARE PROVISION OF TECHNICAL MEANS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ECONOMY
Keywords:
computer system, hardware, software.
Hardware provision of technical means of information systems and technologies in the economy is a set of technical means necessary for the operation of the computer system, which includes the computer itself, peripherals, terminals, communication devices and other equipment connected to the computer system. In other words, these are tangible and tangible devices, such as printers, modems, monitors, keyboards, and other similar devices that make up a computer. The hardware is managed by the software. The memory or memory structure of personal computers is designed to store information. The primary function of a memory device is to read and write data. The most important characteristic of memory is its density and the time it takes to access it. Currently, large integrated circuits are used as the main memory element of RAM. The composition of RAM is currently performed on a SIMM.
Integrated chips for memory are a product of high technology. They are produced in small quantities by Japanese, Korean, American and European companies. RAM is the memory used to store information in the machine's memory while the computer is running. RAM is used to store the operating system, programs, program execution data, and the results of intermediate and cumulative calculations. Because this memory is power-dependent, data in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. As an unofficial international symbol for RAM, the abbreviation RAM is sometimes used. The abbreviation RAM means that the computer can access data from anywhere.
Modern personal computers have non-volatile memory (ROM), also known as ROM. An important function of this memory is to store the BIOS. The BIOS computer software provides information about the system board
architecture and contains a set of input and output programs for the computer's peripherals. In addition, the HYSG computer always stores the verification program in POST itself. In addition, it always maintains the initial boot program, which performs the task of loading the operating system from disk. Typically, the BIOS is stored on a chip and data is written to it when the chip is manufactured. For him, that memory is read-only. In addition, PCs have independent memory (from the battery) called CMOS RAM, which is 256 bytes in size. The contents of CMOS RAM can be changed with the special program SETUP. Usually, the DEL or ESC keys are pressed during processing. With SETUP, you can also change the computer's calendar and system clock, as well as the computer's operating sequence. The main electronic part of personal computers (PCs) is located in the system part. Its physical size can be of any kind.
Inside the system, all of the computer's components are housed on the system board, which is commonly called the motherboard or motherboard. The motherboard plays an important role in the computer, the PC's performance and performance are determined by it. All the components that make up the PC are the central processor, operational and non-volatile memory, interface chips - adapters and controllers, expansion slots and the source - connected to the system board. The structure of a system board consists of one or more large chips. They are called chipsets. From this set, the main characteristics of the system board and the entire PC are determined.
There are several types of motherboards, each targeting a specific microprocessor. To choose a motherboard, the following characteristics should be considered:
1. Possible types of microprocessors to be used with clock frequencies.
2. Number and type of openings in the system.
3. Main volume of the plate.
4. The possibility of increasing the operating and cache memory.
5. Ability to update BIOS.
The largest manufacturer of motherboards is Intel. The system bus of personal computers is located directly on the motherboard. A business network bus is designed to transfer data between the processor and other components of a personal computer. Not only tire information is provided, but also addresses and service reports. Peripheral devices of personal computers are devices that input data to it, output data from it, and collect data on it, and work with the processor and operating memory through the network or local bus. According to this definition, the means located outside the system part of the computer: keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, external modem, scanner, etc. devices, as well as internal disk drives, controllers, internal modems and fax modems, etc. refers to external structures.
Trackballs and pointers are often used on handheld computers and are placed on the keyboard of those PCs. Scanners are devices designed for inputting drawings, text, images, and any other type of printed matter into personal computers. Today, they are produced in hand, field and roll form. Scanners are available in monochrome and color versions.
Digitizers. Digitizers are also called devices that perform point-by-point coordinate input of graphics images. Printing devices are often referred to as printers. They transfer data from the computer to the desired data carrier, for example, paper, film. Printers are connected to computers via compatible ports. Multiple printers can be connected to the computer at the same time. Today, with the development of computer networks, network printers are used more and more. Printers are also known as indirect-matrix, inkjet, and laser. Literature:
1. G. Ishkabulov, B. M. Ivanov, O. G. Atdayeva, A. K. Myradov, M. Gylichnyazov, G. G. Seyithanova. Databases design Ashgabat. Turkmen State Publishing Service, 2001.
2. G. A. Shukurov, B. M. Ivanov, A. K. Myradov, G. G. Seyidhanova, S. A. Kichiyeva. Data business. Ashgabat. Turkmen State Publishing Service, 2001.
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