13Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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HAMLET BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
Nasiba Shihratjon kizi Ibrohimjonova
Chirchik state pedagogical university Student, Foreign Language and Literature student Scientific adviser: Nafisa Raimovna Kobilova
ABSTRACT
this aricle demonstrates about the life of William Shakespeare and his works that he has during his life.Also, his one of the most popular tragedy is "Hamlet". The popularity of this work mcreatedaintain its state over the centuries.The prince takes his revenge standing against his uncle in order to make clear the murder according the ghost. Definitely, he manages his revenge and presents his heroic character and due to this feature this work has became well-known.
Keywords: William Shakespeare, Hamlet, tragedy, plot, the actors, revenge.
INTRODUCTION. There are a number of poets and novelists in English Literature. One of the most popular poets was William Shakespere and he contributed to the literature with his works. He was born on 26 th April in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire and raised there. He was not only a poet but also playwright, dramatist, actor and he was well-known for his works. When he was 18 years old he got married Hathaway and they had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. In 1585-1592 years he launched to become a successful career in London working as an actor, writer and part-owner of a Lord Chamberlain's Men then King's Men playing company. At the age of 49 he came back to birthplace and retired there. He had extended works which includes 39 plays,154 sonnets, three long narrative poems and few other verses. His plays were translated into many living language and performed on the stage. Between 1589 and 1613 years he raised to the summit of his works and early plays were comedies and histories known as the best works in these genres. Until 1608 he wrote especially tragedies that consist of „Hamlet", ,, Romeo and Juliet'', „Othello", King Lear" and „Macbeth". In the end of his life he created tragicomedies also romances and all his works added together. There are seven years that he did not write anything and disappear. So this called ,, The lost years Shakespeare's'', during this period what he were doing. There are some suspicious that he might have gone for poaching game from Local Landlord Sir Thomas. Another possibility he may worked as an assistant schoolmaster in Lancashire. In 1599, W. Shakespeare and many actors built their own theatre on the
April 23-24, 2024
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
^hjrchiqdavlat^edagGgika^niversiteti^^^^^^^Za
south bank of the Thames River that was called Globe Theatre. „Julius Caesar ''was regarded as the first production which released at the open-air theatre. He dies at the same date in 1616 in his birthplace.
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince Denmark often shrunk to Hamlet was written between 1599 and 1601. It is one of the longest plays, with 29,551 words. This tragedy was mainly about Prince Hamlet who attempted to revenge against his uncle who killed his father in case of gaining throne and marrying Hamlet's mother. Hamlet is regarded ,, the most powerful influential tragedy'' in English literature it has lost as the greatest work all the time. Three various early versions of the tragedy are extent: the First Quarto (1603), the Second Quarto (1604) and the First Folio (1623). The main characters of this plot: Hamlet - son of the late king and nephew of the present king, Claudius. Claudius - King of Denmark, Hamlet's uncle and brother to the former king. Gertrude - Queen of Denmark and Hamlet's mother. Polonius -chief counsellor to the king. Ophelia - Polonius's daughter. Horatio - friend of Hamlet. Laertes - Polonius's son. Voltimand and Cornelius - courtiers. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern - courtiers, friends of Hamlet. ,Osric - a courtier, Marcellus - an officer, Barnardo - an officer, Francisco - a soldier,Reynaldo - Polonius's servant, Ghost - the ghost of Hamlet's father, Fortinbras - prince of Norway, Gravediggers -a pair of sextons, Player King, Player Queen, Lucianus, etc. - players. Prince Hamlet of Denmark is son of previous King and nephew of present King Claudius. After death of his father the ghost of him is appears to Hamlet and informs his brother Claudius poisoned him and ordered to avenge his death. After this, he thinks about it a lot and shows his odd behavior, so it cause everyone is surprises and worries about Hamlet's madness. He makes a plan how to define this murder and starts to collect the evidence, his best friend tries to help to these attempts. During this time Claudius and Gertrude make an effort in order to define Hamlet's madness and calls Polonius to help them. The daughter of Polonius who is Ophelia tries to speak with him about their love but he blames for liking everyone and insults. By the time, Hamlet's old friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstren arrives to the Castle in order to spy him by request of King. They offers watching theatre that performed by popular actors and the idea comes to his mind that he orders actors to show a story that was about death of his father. Because he wants to see the reaction of Claudius. When arranged play starts to present the actions can cause King's worries and he is sure the murderer of his father. Then Hamlet encounters with his mother in her chamber and they have a conversation, suddenly he heard the voice of man behind the curtain and thinks it is Claudius, he stabs his swords but the victim is Polonius. After that, the King sends Hamlet to England with his two old friends and he should
April 23-24, 2024
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Chirchiq davlat pedagogika universiteti
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Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik Zamonaviy filologiya va lingvodidaktikaning dolzarb masalalari
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be killed there by them. When he knows about secret order he murders themselves instead. When he returns to Denmark he hears that Laertes is seeking the murderer of his father and wants to avenge. In this time, Claudius is eager in order to arrange a duel between them and takes this chance. King and Laertes poison the sword, but Hamlet realizes this secret and forces to exchange sword with rival. Conclusion : At the end of plot, Laertes is killed by poisoned sword and the King drinks the poison and is placed to near Hamlet, then he stabs the sword Claudius also to ensure hid death and clear his honor to his friend Horatio before dying himself. Despite Hamlet's death he manages to take revenge for the murder of her father. This is a short summary of plot and it is famous for its serious actions and the bravery of Hamlet by this time.A case can be made that Hamlet is a virtuous young man at the beginning of the play, his sense of morality deeply rooted in his religious beliefs, but that he changes dramatically in the play and succumbs to evil himself by its conclusion. Hamlet's actions in avenging his father's death are perfectly justified within the context of Hamlet as a revenge play, but when examined within the greater morality that had framed Hamlet's life and that is referenced often in the play, his actions seem consistent with the evil of those that surround him.
REFERENCES
1. William Shakespeare Biography en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespere
2. William Shakespeare: Playwright, Poet biography.com/authors-writers-william-shakespeare
3. Hamlet summary, plot Britannica.com/topic/hamlet-by-Shakespeare
4. Wkipedia https://en.wikipedia.org>wiki> Hamlet
5. Shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/shakespeares-plays/hamlet/
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