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65SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 3 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD IN TEACHING LINGUISTICS
Madinabonu Islomjon qizi Alimova
UzSWLU 1-course
ABSTRACT
Since the earlies days of linguistics, researchers noticed that grammar translation method is more effective than the rest of the methods and easy to learn. Despite the fact that it can be useful however, it will cause some problems in speech and pronunciation. It is also pointed out that grammar translation method creates a teacher-centric classroom.
Keywords: target language, deductive, audio-lingual
The grammar translation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from the classical method Greek and Latin. In grammar-translation classes , students learn grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating sentences between target language and the native language. The method has two main goals : to enable students to read and translate literature written in the target language , and to further students' general intellectual development . In this method of students learn much vocabulary in the form of lists . Student's should be taught in their mother tongue .
Method (GTM). Grammar Translation Method is a very traditional method . Grammar translation method was called the classical method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical language, Latin and Greek (Chastain1988). The origin of this method lie in an attempt to teach languages by grammar and translation where the learners have to gather knowledge of foreign languages by studying a number of grammatical rules and applying these knowledge to the interpretation of texts with the use of a dictionary . Through the study of the grammar of target language , students would become more familiar with the grammar of their native language and that is familiarly would help them speak and write their native language better . ( Lasen-Freeman, Diane). Memorization is amajor aspect of Grammar Transaction method. In GTM method the teacher gives something to memorize students and students have to memorize those consequently have to write.
Grammar-translation classes are usually conducted in the students' nativa language. Grammatical rules are learned deductively; students learn grammar rules by rote, and then practice the rules by doing grammar drills and translating sentences to and from the target language. More attention is paid to the form of the sentences being translated than to their content. When students reach more advanced levels of achievement, they may translate entire texts from the target language. Tests often involve translating classical texts.There is usually no listening or speaking practice, and
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 3 I 2022 ISSN: 2181-1601
very little attention is placed on pronunciation or any communicative aspects of the language. The skill exercised is reading and then only in the context of translation . Class activities or learning games are rarely necessary, as students are translating text to another language directly. Teachers who are not fluent in English (but fluent in the other language that the students primarily use) can teach English using this approach, as the emphasis is not on the spoken word but on translations. Even if its beneficial when it comes to learning vocabulary and strenghtening reading and writing skills . It can cause to poor listening and speaking . Usually students who are taught in GTM method have unnatural pronunciation . Most students learn a new language for percise reasons . Nevertheless they may loose their interest towards learning if they are taught by Grammar translation method . As GTM is not interactive and engaging . It has positive sides , but it would be better to try other methods more For instance: there there is the audio- lingual method is also known as the Aural-Oral method. The learning is based on repetition of dialogues and phrases about every day situations. These phrases are imitated, repeated, and drilled to make the response automatic. Reading and writing are both reinforcements of what the learner practices.It is useful in some cases , Nontheless it may seem like a bit boring , as students should repeat what their teacher said . But effective because it helps to memorization of set phrases and sentences while focusing on intonation and correct pronunciation . There are four types of dialogues utilized in this method: Repetition, in which the student repeats the teacher's statement exactly Inflection, where one of the words appears in a different form from the previous sentence (for example, a word may change from the singular to the plural)
Replacement, which involves one word being replaced with another while the sentence construction remains the same
Restatement, where the learner rephrases th e teacher's statement
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 3 I ISSUE 3 I 2022 _ISSN: 2181-1601
The Grammar-Translation method requires the learner to spend a lot of time understanding the language structure. Listening and speaking suffer because of this. Understanding the structure is helpful in reading and particularly in writing. Grammar and vocabulary are emphasized throughout. This is the method of choice when the student's goal is to achieve a high level of writing and reading ability in a foreign language, versus speaking and listening.
The Audio-Lingual Method also allows the learner to communicate quickly but within the limited range that the repetition allows. It improves comprehension only if the speaker uses phrases that the learner has studied. Reading is limited, and an understanding of how to use the language is very limited. This is the method that is used when a live trainer is not available.
The Direct Method gives the student the ability to communicate quickly because it is encouraged to be creative during practice. It gives, by far, the widest range of capability to understand what another person says to you and in developing your capability to speak. This is the method of choice for instruction with a live trainer and where speaking and listening are most important.
Many theories about the learning and teaching of languages have been proposed. These theories, normally influenced by developments in the fields of linguistics and psychology, have inspired many approaches to the teaching of second and foreign languages.
As statistics shows the Direct Method remained steady in a high usage . As it is considered to be more effective than the others . Because it gives more effort to speaking and listening which are considered to be essential while learning the second language.
REFERENCES
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2. Marzana Rahman 07303007 Department of English and Humanities (august 2012) BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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5. https://www.sk.com.br/sk-revie.html
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