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18ECONOMIC SCIENCES
GLOBAL PROBLEMS AND LIGHT-SHADOWS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION SUPPORT
Babunashvili E.
Associate Professor, Kutaisi University, Georgia
Kipiani M.
Associate Professor, Kutaisi University, Georgia
Abstract
Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic has already become incredible and impossible within just one state. The scale of the pandemic initially required the mobilization of the entire world and an appeal to a common strict order. Predicting complex processes related to global problems and events and taking appropriate action requires primarily centralized management. It is unimaginable and impossible to overcome problems of a global nature otherwise. Even before the pandemic, Georgia's economy was a "survival-oriented economy" (Papava, 2019), and it is easy to imagine how difficult was to face to the created reality for our country.
Keywords: Globalization, COVID-19 pandemic, the role of international organizations, Georgian economy.
In December 2019, the COVID-19 "Birth" in Wuhan (China) shocked the world in just a couple of months, and despite numerous versions and myths about its artificiality, it quickly spread around the world and posed equally great danger to everyone - strong, weak, rich and poor. Simultaneously embraced public and social relations. Despite its diversity, it touched and "did not spare" everyone and everything - psychological, philosophical, or religious directions. Panmedia covered both politics and economics.
In the modern world, however, due to the current order of globalization and economic integration, the whole world is so chained together that threats of such a nature and nature are rapidly spreading. That is why the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic has already become unthinkable and impossible within just one state. The scale of the pandemic initially required the mobilization of the entire world and an appeal to a common strict order. Predicting complex processes related to global problems and events and taking appropriate action requires primarily centralized management. It is unimaginable and impossible to overcome problems of a global nature otherwise.
In the fight against COVID-19, even the strongest countries in the world found themselves powerless and confused, when they had "maximum" of all the capabilities at their disposal. This could not become the main weapon in the fight against the problem, because just before that, the world made too many mistakes due to the confrontation between ecology and economics and sacrifice. The unbridled desire for maximum profit and the economic system built to achieve this goal have planted the most difficult ecological "mines", the explosion of which nature does not warn anyone in advance and does not offer anyone a preparatory period.
Mankind has not yet realized that there can be no life on earth without common interests, that despite the diversity of all dimensions, the world has one common place of life - the earth, and the war against it is boom-eranging back to us.
The COVID-19 pandemic, like the recent economic crises (1929-33, 2008-09), became widespread in a very short time. International organizations noted at an early stage that it had a massive impact on both
the active world economy and the service sector, households - both in terms of consumption and activity, as well as regular incomes. Lots of jobs were lost, the international trade, the labor market, was slowed down and threatened. There was a real danger of massive unemployment and a sharp rise in poverty.
Even before the pandemic, Georgia's economy was a "survival-oriented economy" (Papava, 2019), and it is easy to imagine how difficult and difficult the country faced in the face of the created reality. International organizations around the world have been actively involved in the fight against the pandemic from the very beginning and have therefore been conducting large-scale and intensive international aid mechanisms for developing and transition economies. This was a very difficult period not only for international organizations but also for the countries that were their partners. Consequently, the involvement of international organizations in the economic or political life of such countries is not so small. Georgia is among such countries.
At the initial stage of the pandemic control process, the Government of Georgia presented four priority areas :
1. Healthcare - protection of health and life of the population
2. Economy - Management and recovery of the Georgian economy against the background of the global economic crisis
3. Security - protection of citizens
4. Supplies and Logistics - Managing the food supply of the population.
Proper and successful management of these priorities was associated with a rather large amount of funds, and without the support and international assistance of international organizations with the problems caused by the coronavirus, the country would not be able to successfully manage the first wave of the virus and reduce the effects of the coronavirus.
In the first days of the pandemic shock, the United States provided substantial assistance to the country ($ 89.8 million), and the European Union provided € 70 million under the Eastern Partnership Solidarity Package to mitigate the economic effects of covidium and €
20 million in emergency aid to fight the coronavirus. . In addition, the country had access to medical equipment and devices worth 30 million euros allocated to partner countries. Georgia was the first country to receive increased funding for a pandemic from the International Monetary Fund under its current program. It was on the basis of successful negotiations with the IMF that the country was able to attract additional significant cash resources from other donors, totaling 1.5 billion USD. between them:
- IMF, $ 200.0 million
- Asian Development Bank ADB, $ 400.0 million
- World Bank MB, $ 250.0 million
- French Development Agency AFD, $ 200.0 million
- German Reconstruction Credit Bank KIW, $ 250.0 million
- EU, $ 200.0 million
- Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank AIIB, $ 100.0 million
Donations from individuals, private companies, public institutions, and others were also made to the StopCov Foundation. The anti-crisis program developed by the Georgian government against covidium initially proved relatively effective with the announcement of Lockdown, as the spread of the virus was significantly reduced at the expense of the restrictions and bans adopted. However, this painfully affected all sectors, sectors, and areas of the national economy.
The lightening of restrictions was soon followed by an aggravation of the situation and this process was bitterly felt by the country in the form of a second wave of pandemics. No less important was the country facing the vaccination process. Unfortunately, the introduction of the vaccine in the country started late. The harmful practice of protectionism in global processes has already manifested itself here. Vaccines were "grabbed"
and received primarily by developed and affluent countries. The world could not avoid the policy of inequality and injustice this time either. As one of the developing and transition economies, Georgia has been "oppressed" alongside other countries in this process. Unfortunately, such are the shadows of globalization.
As a result of partnership and mutual assistance of international organizations, countries like the Georgian economy will not be able to solve quite important and problematic challenges independently. Whether we like it or not, we also become participants in both the positive and negative processes of these global events.
The pandemic has seen a lot of new things for humanity. The values have been revised and a lot has changed. Even more serious and profound changes are expected, because reckless, extreme, radical decisions to use the nature and the world mercilessly to improve the conditions of life, and to master in your favor, always have a negative resonance.
Covid-19 is not over! He offers new "surprises" to the world and has repeatedly assured us that we are all equally responsible to the earth, because we all still live on earth.
References
1. Papava (L.2019). The solution is to build a knowledge-based economy., "Banks and Finance", Tbilisi, 17.10.
2. Chitanava N. (2020). Trials should enable us to take thoughtful steps, Iverion, Information Analytical Agency, Tbilisi 23.03.
3. Report on the measures taken by the Government of Georgia against COVID-19., Government of Georgia, 2020.
4. COVID-19, Economic Outcomes, World and Georgia., EPRC, 2020.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY PROGRAMS IN GEORGIAN COMPANIES
Valishvili T.
Associate Professor of Akaki Tsereteli State University Associate Professor of Kutaisi University Lukhutashvili N.
Assistant Professor of Akaki Tsereteli State University Associate Professor of Kutaisi University
Abstract
Having loyal customers who will bring a stable income to the company is especially important for any organization. It can surely be said that consumer loyalty is one of the most important factors for the stable and sustainable development of any company. Nowadays, the companies that offer well- planned and carefully thought-out customer loyalty programs to their customers, are the ones that appear to succeed and become market leaders. Based on the above, the aim of the paper is to study the customer loyalty programs offered by Georgian companies.
Keywords: loyalty, customer, loyalty programs.
In the modern marketing literature there are far more definitions of the concept of "loyalty" or "faithfulness". However, both practitioners and scientists are well aware that customer loyalty and satisfaction are inextricably linked. They also understand that this relation is asymmetric. While loyal customers are usually highly satisfied, satisfaction in itself does not imply
loyalty. Attracting and retaining customers becomes especially important for any company in case of intensified competition. This is the main goal of introducing customer loyalty programs.
According to the material we have analyzed, we can distinguish the behavioral, emotional, and rational
