Научная статья на тему 'GLAUCOMA AS A SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT EYE DISEASE AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN UNDER 14'

GLAUCOMA AS A SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT EYE DISEASE AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN UNDER 14 Текст научной статьи по специальности «Клиническая медицина»

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Eurasian Medical Journal
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EYE DISEASES AND ITS APPENDAGES / GLAUCOMA / DISEASE DYNAMICS / MEDICAL EXAMINATION / PREVALENCE

Аннотация научной статьи по клинической медицине, автор научной работы — Omorova G.K.

Introduction. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss, so it is one of the pressing problems of modern healthcare. According to WHO, glaucoma accounts for up to 5% of all ocular pathology. By 2020, the number of patients will increase to 5.9 million and 5.3 million will lose vision due to primary glaucoma. Among the causes of primary disability, glaucoma has remained stable at a fairly high level for many years, amounting to 20-28%. The aim of the study: is to conduct an analysis of the prevalence of eye incidence and its appendages, glaucoma in various age groups for the period from 2014 to 2018. The material of the study was the statistical data of the Republican Medical Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic from 2014 to 2018. Statistical method of investigation was used. Results and discussion. In this article, the author considered the dynamics of the prevalence of glaucoma in the Kyrgyz Republic. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis, trends in the incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, adolescents and children of the Kyrgyz Republic, consisting in an increase in the indicator in 2015, 2017 and 2018, were revealed. The proportion of glaucoma from the total incidence of the eye and its appendages among adults and adolescents in the study years was on average 6.5%, among children under 14 years old - 0.2%. Output. During this period, there was a tendency to increase the incidence of eyes, its appendages, and in particular glaucoma in various age groups. Recommendations. It is necessary to strengthen measures for the early detection, medical examination of glaucoma patients, as well as information work among the population.

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Текст научной работы на тему «GLAUCOMA AS A SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT EYE DISEASE AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN UNDER 14»

UDC 614.2:617.7

GLAUCOMA AS A SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT EYE DISEASE

AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN UNDER 14

Omorova G.K.

International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Abstract

Introduction. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss, so it is one of the pressing problems of modern healthcare. According to WHO, glaucoma accounts for up to 5% of all ocular pathology. By 2020, the number of patients will increase to 5.9 million and 5.3 million will lose vision due to primary glaucoma. Among the causes ofprimary disability, glaucoma has remained stable at a fairly high levelfor many years, amounting to 20-28%.

The aim ofthe study: is to conduct an analysis ofthe prevalence ofeye incidence and its appendages, glaucoma in various age groupsfor the periodfrom 2014 to 2018.

The material of the study was the statistical data ofthe Republican Medical Information Center ofthe Ministry of Health ofthe Kyrgyz Republicfrom 2014 to 2018. Statistical method of investigation was used.

Results and discussion. In this article, the author considered the dynamics of the prevalence of glaucoma in the Kyrgyz Republic. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis, trends in the incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, adolescents and children of the Kyrgyz Republic, consisting in an increase in the indicator in 2015, 2017 and 2018, were revealed. The proportion of glaucoma from the total incidence of the eye and its appendages among adults and adolescents in the study years was on average 6.5%, among children under 14years old- 0.2%.

Output During this period, there was a tendency to increase the incidence of eyes, its appendages, and in particular glaucoma in various age groups. Recommendations. It is necessary to strengthen measures for the early detection, medical examination of glaucoma patients, as well as information work among the population.

Key words: eye diseases and its appendages, glaucoma, disease dynamics, medical examination, prevalence.

ГЛАУКОМА ЧОЦДОРДУНЖАНА 14 ЖАШКА ЧЕЙИНКИ БАЛДАР АРАСЫНДА KвЗДYH СОЦИАЛДЫК МААНИЛУУ ООРУСУ

Оморова Г.К.

Эл аралык Жогорку Медицина Мектеби, Бишкек, Кыргызстан

Corresponding author:Omorova GuluzadKulchoroevna, E-mail:gomorova@gmail.com, tel. 996 0555060380

Аннотация

Корутунду. Глаукома кездун керуусунун кайрылбастан жоголушунун себептеринин арасында алдьщкы орундардын бирин ээлейт, ошондуктан бул заманбап саламаттыкты сактоонун актуалдуу кейгейлерунун бири. ДССУ маалыматы боюнча, глаукома кез патологиясынын 5% чейин тузет. 2020-жылга чейин оорулуулардын саны 5,9 млн. чейин кебейуп жана 5,3 млн. адам баштанкы глаукоманын кесепетинен кездун керуусун жоготушат. Баштапкы майыптыктын себептеринин катарында глаукома 20-28% тузуу менен узак жылдар бою кыйла жогорку децгээлде сакталып калууда.

Изилдввнун максаты: 2014-2018-жылдар аралыгында ар кандай курактык топтордо кездун жана анын кошумчаларынын ооруцдуулугунун, глаукоманын жайылышына талдоо жургузуу.

Изилдввнун материалдары катары Кыргыз Республикасынын саламаттык сактоо Министрлигинин Республикалык медициналык маалымат борборунун 2014-2018-жылдар аралыгындагы статистикалык маалыматтары колдонулган.

Жыйынтыктар жана аларды талкуулвв. Бул макалада автор менен Кыргыз Республикасында глаукоманын жайылуу динамикасы каралган. Жыйнакталган талдоонун негизинде, 2015, 2017 жана 2018-жылдардагы керсеткучтун жогорулашынан турган кездун жана анын кошумчаларынын, Кыргыз Республикасынын чоцдорундагы, еспурумдерундегу жана балдарындагы глаукома оорусунун тенденциясы аныкталды. Чоцдор жана еспурумдердун арасындагы кездун жана анын кошумчаларынын жалпы ооруцдуулугунан кездун глаукомасынын салыштырма салмагы изилденип жаткан жылдарда орто эсеп менен 6,5%, 14 жашка чейинки балдар арасында - 0,2% тузду.

Тыянактар. Керсетулген мезгилде ар кандай курактык топтордо кездун жана анын кошумчаларынын ооруцдуулугунун жана езгече глаукоманын кебейуу тенденциясы байкалган.

Сунуштамалар. Эрте аныктоо, глаукома менен ооругандарды диспансерденггируу, ошондой эле калк арасында маалымат иштерин жургузуу боюнча чараларды кучетуу керек.

Ачкыч свздвр: кездун жана анын кошумчаларынын оорулары, глаукома, ооруцдуулук динамикасы, диспансерденггируу, жайылгандык.

ГЛАУКОМА КАК СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЗНАЧИМОЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЕ

ГЛАЗ СРЕДИ ВЗРОСЛЫХ И ДЕТЕЙ ДО 14 ЛЕТ

Оморова Г.К.

Международная Высшая Школа Медицины, г.Бишкек, Кыргызстан

Аннотация

Введение. Глаукома занимает одно из ведущих мест среди причин необратимой потери зрения, поэтому является одной из актуальных проблем современного здравоохранения. По данным ВОЗ глаукома составляет до 5% всей глазной патологии. К2020 году число больных увеличится до 5,9 млн. человек и 5,3 млн. потеряют зрение вследствие первичной глаукомы. Среди причин первичной инвалидности глаукома на протяжении многих лет стабильно остается на достаточно высоком уровне, составляя 20-28%.

Цель исследввания: провести анализ распространенности заболеваемости глаза и его придатков, глаукомы в различных возрастных группах за период с 2014 по 2018 годы.

Материалам исследввания явились статистические данные Республиканского медико-информационного центра Министерства здравоохранения Кыргызской Республики с 2014 по 2018 годы. Использован статистический метод исследования.

Результаты и их обсуждение. В данной статье автором рассмотрена динамика распространенности глаукомы в Кыргызской Республике. На основе комплексного анализа выявлены тенденции заболеваемости болезней глаза и его придатков, глаукомы среди взрослых, подростков и детей Кыргызской Республики, заключающиеся в приросте показателя в 2015, 2017 и 2018 годы. Удельный вес глаукомы от общей заболеваемости глаза и его придатков среди взрослых и подростков в исследуемые годы составил в среднем 6,5%, среди детей до 14лет - 0,2%>.

Вывод. В указанный период отмечалась тенденция прироста заболеваемости глаз, его придатков и в частности глаукомы в различных возрастных группах.

Рекомендации. Необходимо усиление мер по раннему выявлению, диспансеризации больных глаукомой, а также проведение информационной работы среди населения.

Ключевые слова: болезни глаза и его придатков, глаукома, динамика заболеваемости, диспансеризация, распространенность.

Introduction

In recent years, there has been a negative trend in the incidence of eye diseases and its accessory apparatus [1,2,3] with a significant level of growth [4, 5]. At the same time, glaucoma belongs to the leading place in the pathology of the vision organ, which does not give patients a chance to see this world more clearly, and at best only to preserve the remaining vision with constant therapy [5,6]. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss because it is one of the important problems of modern healthcare [6, 7, 8, 9]. Significant prevalence of glaucoma in the population is shown in numerous studies. According to WHO, the disease accounts for up to 5% of all ocular pathology. By 2020, 5.9 million people will be affected and 5.3 million will be blinded due to primary glaucoma [10]. Among the causes of primary disability, glaucoma has been stable at a fairly high level for many years, ranging from 20 to 28% [ 11 ]. Despite modern technologies of treatment of vision loss due to glaucoma is the dominant cause of blindness [11]. The problem of glaucoma control requires improvement of the system of organization of early detection and dispensary observation of patients, which will reduce the incidence rate [ 1 ]. All of the above makes it relevant to study the

Table 1. Prevalence of eye and appendage morbidity, glaucoma among adults and adolescents per 100,000 population in the Kyrgyz Republic

№ Nosology Years

ПП 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

1. Diseases of the eye and its appendages 2818,9 4562,0 2463,6 2785,4 2847,3

growth rate - +56,3 -46,0 +13,0 +2,2

2. Glaucoma 188,1 306,5 152,2 176,2 185,6

growth rate - +63,0 -50,3 +15,8 +5,3

Note - P is the incidence rate.

prevalence of glaucoma.

The aim of the study is to conduct an analysis of the prevalence of eye incidence and its appendages, glaucoma in various age groups for the period from 2014 to 2018.

Material and research methods

Statistical data of the Republican Medical Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic from 2014 to 2018 were used. Relative indicators (intensive and extensive indicator) and dynamic series indicator (growth rate) were calculated. Statistical method of investigation was used. Results and discussion

The prevalence of eye diseases and their appendages and glaucoma among adults and adolescents in the Kyrgyz Republic is considered (Table 1).

In all years, a positive increase in incidence was noted, except for 2016. The increase in 2015 was + 56.3%, in 2017 + 13.0% and in 2018 + 2.2%, a decrease in 2016 by -46.0%. In terms of the incidence of glaucoma of adults and adolescents, a similar situation was observed in the republic. The increase was revealed in 2015 by + 63.0%, in 2017 by + 15.8% and in 2018 by + 5.3%, a decrease by -50.3% in 2016.

Thus, in the republic in dynamics there was mainly an increase in the incidence of the eye, its appendages and glaucoma among adults and adolescents.

The prevalence of eye morbidity, appendages and glaucoma among children under 14 years of age in the dynamics of the country was analyzed (Table 2). Among children under 14 years old, the incidence of the eye and its appendages tended to increase in

2015 by + 101.2%, in 2017 by + 9.2%, in 2018 by +

1.1 %, decreased by -56.6% in 2016.

The trend of glaucoma growth was observed in

2015 by + 22.5%, in 2017 by + 17.6%, in 2018 by +

9.5%, decreased by -15.0% in 2016.

Thus, in the republic there was mainly an increase in

the incidence of the eye, its appendages and

glaucoma among children under 14 years old.

Table 2. Prevalence of eye and appendage morbidity, glaucoma among children under 14 years of age per 100,000 population in dynamics (P)

№ Nosology Years

nn 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

1. Diseases of the eye and its appendages 2024,5 4073,2 1768,7 1931,1 1953,6

growth rate - +101,2 -56,6 +9,2 +1,1

2. Glaucoma 4,9 6,0 5,1 4,2 4,6

growth rate - +22,5 -15,0 +17,6 +9,5

Note - P is the incidence rate.

In the general structure of the incidence of the eye and its appendages among adults and adolescents, the specific gravity of glaucoma averaged 6.5% for the period 2014 to 2018. By year, the indicator was 6.4%, 6.7%, 6.1%, 6.3% and 6.5%, respectively. At the same time, the largest share was in 2018 (6.5%). Among children under 14, the proportion of glaucoma from the total incidence of the eye and its appendages from 2014 to 2018 averaged 0.2%, making 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.2% and 0.2% by year, respectively. Conclusions

An analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of the eye, its appendages and, in particular, glaucoma, both among adults and adolescents, and children under 14 years old, showed an increase in the indicator in 2015,2017 and 2018. In the structure of the incidence of the eye, its appendages, the specific gravity of glaucoma among adults and adolescents was on average 6.5%, among children under 14 years old-0.2%. Recommendations

Due to the development of visual field defects, reduced visual acuity and optic atrophy in glaucoma, it is necessary to strengthen measures for early detection, medical examination of this category of patients, as well as information work

among the population.

Conflict of interest. The author claims no conflict of interest.

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