CC BY
10
Mirzajonov Q, Academic, doctor of technical science, Scientific research institute of agro technologies of cotton selection, seed and production.
Abduraimova D.,
assistant of department of "Irrigation and melioration", Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers E-mail: [email protected]
FUTURE OF IMPROVEMENT OF WATER GIVING AND LIFTING CONSTRUCTIONS IN IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE
Abstract: In thisarticle presented the researches about using of resource-saving technologies in irrigated agriculture. Given calculation methods, described classification and characteristics of the low-pressure water-lifters for using in irrigated agriculture.Analyzed parameters of jet water lifters with a simple design andinvestigated benefits in application. Given the results of the laboratory analysis on the improvement of the construction of a jet water-lift based of simulation laws. Proposed a new design of a resource-saving water-lifting device based on the results of laboratory researches. The working characteristic and parameters of the proposed jet water-lift are justified.
Keywords: Water lifting with j et, resource saving technologies, pressure, water consumption, irrigation, irrigated agriculture.
Introduction. It is no secret for anyone that the country with high energetic potential is big opportunity for growing of economics.
In this case, energy of the water is main resource which
given us by nature for free. Energy of the water flow is widely used in all sectors of the national economy. Various publications were published in term of this topic [1, 2, 3, 4 et all.].
Innovative technologies are one of the most pressing issues in the modernization of technology and technology in modern irrigation and the use of resource-saving equipment. This article discusses the principle and function of small-water buckets.
Water boosters are devices for water transmitting to specified distance. In the history of humanity, different types of water boosters have been widely used. Today, water boosters started widely used in a different branches of national economy, including irrigated agriculture, water supply, chemicals, oil industry, construction, and other areas [1, 3 et all.].
Figure 1. Achimed screw Depending on the principle and structure of the water elevators, it can be divided into two types of flammable and
Figure 2. Nora (Claw)
non-flammable. Mission of non-flammable water elevators is to change the potential energy of the stream; they are Arximed
screw (Fig. 1), various types of elevators (Fig. 2), linen, noriya and others. In non-flammable water elevators it is possible to to lifting and transfer water to a certain distance by changing the specific state energy of the stream. During the development of the society, the construction of non-flammable water elevators is also improved.
For activation ofArchimedes screws were used hand force or windmills. When the spiral screw is activated, the water rises upward along the pipe and placed into a reservoir.
In Nor it is more complex system for crankcase operation, in this operation uses source of the power for activate it.
In history water users used old water taking methods for withdrawing water from wells, after all those methods developed and investigated many modern equipments as Archimedes screw, noria and chimneys. The peculiarity of these devices it is possible to lifting the water by changing the energy of stream.
In water lifters with density water can be pumped by changing the potential and kinetic energy of the stream. This type of water lifters can include intruder water pipe, water booster, hydraulic circuit breaker, etc. [1, 2, 3, 4 and other].
The difference of this type of water lifters from water pumps are - there are no water turning mechanism in it. And construction of the equipment is very simple. The simplicity of the construction and the lack of direct interaction with the flow will give possibility to transfer all kinds of liquids and particles in the fluid.
In irrigation widely uses air lifters for water and mud removal from wells. The principle of the operation of the air elevators is shown in the following figure (Fig. 3). The water lifting pipe which sets below the water level 6 is connected to the tube 2 and gives air under the pressure. As a result, it will formed mixture of water and air, and the density of the mixture is less than the air density. It gives the fluid possibility to rise upward with air. After the flowing into the open reservoir, water and air are separates. Water is transmitted to the consumer via pipe 6. This process takes place as a result of the change the potential and the kinetic energy of the flow [1, 3 and etc.].
The water elevator's navel is determined by the following formula:
H = hRzfcM)
Рсм
There: h - the depth of the tube from the water level; p - water intensity
Рш - air and water density
The water discharge of the air elevator is determined by the following formula:
Q ^П110ln(0,lh +1)
H
There: n - CUW of elevator; Qxaeo - the amount of air delivered;
Figure 3. Erlift
1 - printing reservoir; 2 - ressiver; 3 - compressor; 4 and 5 - pipes for water and air; 6 - water-air mixture; 7 -forsunka; 8 - depression line; 9 pipe for reservoir.
The above equations show that there is a clear link between water consumption and pressure. As the pressure increases, the consumption of water decreases and vice versa. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the factors characterizing these two parameters to ensure optimum operation of the water elevator.
By using the above parameters, it is possible to improve and to evaluate the construction of the water elevator based
Qx
Q
and
on the following parameters: relative expenditure
relative depth h.
Together with this in different sphere of techniques there were uses number of liquid transfer devices based on resource-saving technologies. One of them is steamers [1, 2, 3, 4 and others].
In the case of a sturdy water-operated worker, a vacuum can be produced in the chamber by working fluid and rises to a certain height due to the difference in water pressure.
In working principle of the steamer with the help of working steam there were creates pressure and thanks of difference of pressures liquid moves up. The complexity of the use of such water lifting device is considered to be a low efficiency factor. At the same time, confortability of the device is simplicity of the construction and the availability to use preasure of water and air.
The working principle of operating steamer lifts, is similar with air steamers but it has its own constructive elements [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and others].
Figure 4. Scheme of Straight Water Lifting Device
In general, ifwe describe the process schematically (Fig. 4), then the water elevator parameters are as follows: 1 - Working fluid pipeline; 2-active bush; 3 water supply pipes; 4 access points; 5 interference cameras; 6- diffuser; 7- gay; 8- the connecting part.
Pressure which created by working stream were called working pressure. Working pressure is the main source for activate of work of device and will calculate depending on the difference in the input current (1-1) and output (2-2):
Comparative consumption or Injection coefficient: q = — Then with using above equation will write the following expression for CUW:
q ■ H
n = — (1 - H)
Geometric parameters of the working chamber of water lifter describes as:
d2ti — d\
D = -
dj2
H = pj + U_ _ -UL
2 2 (1) Y 2g y 2g Useful preasure: preasure which created in water lifters:
H = ^
Y
2 2g
.Pi. Y
Z3 2g
(2)
Working flow consumption: Q1 df
Water consumption: Q3 -a3 =
H Q
n(d02 - dj2) 2
CUW of water lifters. n =
Hp -Q
In such water lifters have a lot of energy loss due to hydraulic resistance. The loss of preassure happens during the merging of the streams, the water-bearing worker's part (diffuser).
It is important to note that the flow of water Q3 is dependent on the distance between the active tube (soplo) and the mixing camera (L).
In order to fully evaluate this process, laboratory studies have been carried out. In calculating the optimal values of the above parameters, we write the basic parameters of the process based on the modeling requirements.
H
Comparative pressure: H =
H, + H„
It is known, that the efficiency of the injection pump depends on the movement of the stream in the chamber. Constructive parameters of the injection pump are determined on the basis of the length of the runoff (stroke) output. In a number of studies, [1, 2, 3, 4 and b.], shown that the length of the fly of the flow should be determined in relation to the coefficient of the injection.
In the laboratory, the experiments were carried out on a specially-designed device. In experiments, the working regime of water lifters was tested by changing the working preassure from 1m to 10 m.
The experiments were aimed at determining the optimal parameters of the water lifting device, measuring the hydraulic parameters of the water-bearer for different values of the distance (Ah) between the active soplo and the mixing chamber. The experimental results show that the highest water consumption Q3 rates are achieved.
The results are shown in (Figure 5). Graphs show that the correlation of the injection coefficient varies according to the margins, in various values coefficient injection grows to maximum. According to the experiments the optimum operation parameter equal to injection coefficient of 0.48 to 0.78 (Fig. 5). Based on experiments, observed and got pressure characteristics Q1 = f (AHj) (table 1).
2
2
The highest value of water consumption Q3 was consid- below shows the parameters °f water Hfter which w°rks in ered as the optimum working regime of water lifter. The table °ptimal value of AL.
Table 1. - Hydraulic parameters of water lifter
N P, at 10-3 Qp, sm3/s Ql, sm3/s Q0 sm3/s H q
1. 200 407 239 686 0,31 0,59
2. 300 493 305 925 0,23 0,62
3. 400 593 367 1078 0,18 0,62
4. 500 637 500 1312 0,15 0,78
5. 600 742 550 1434 0,13 0,74
6. 700 838 574 1574 0,11 0,68
7. 800 950 591 1779 0,10 0,62
8. 900 1065 687 2136 0,09 0,65
9. 1000 1108 733 2463 0,08 0,66
3 2,9 2,8 2,7 '2,6 2,5 2,4 2,3
Figure 5. Determination of the optimal parameters of the steamer.
| y= 2,715x \ 0,770 R2 0,966 k
< ►
V
q
0,6 0,65 0,7 0,75
Figure 6. The graph for determining the length of the stroke
o,s
Theoretical studies shows that the distance between the active soplo and the mixing camera AL is equal to the length of the runoff (stroke) Lc. Based on the findings obtained new equation to determine the runway length: Lc/d = 2,71-q + 0,78 Based on the findings, proposed new design of the Injection Water Pumper and obtained Intellectual Property Agency Patent (FAP 01137).
In case of optimal operation improved construction of water steamer according to the laboratory experiments and
theoretical investigations. The proposed facility belongs to water lifting technologies and intended to lifting of drainage and filtration waters in the wells.
As summary one can say, the widespread introduction of water lifters in irrigated farming, on the one hand, gave possibilities of development of resource-saving technologies in irrigation and, on the other hand, will lead to the modernization of water transmission technology.
References:
1. Latipov K. Sh. Hydraulic, hydro devises, hydraulic structures.- T., "Teacher",- 1992.- 420 p. (Russian).
2. SokolovE. Y., Zinger N. M. Strain devices.- M: Energy,- 1970.- P. 287. (Russian).
3. Bashta B. M. Hydraulics hydromachines hydroproduct.- M.: Mashinostroenie,- 1982.- 423 p.
4. Patent. No. FAP 01137 Strain pump. A. Arifjanov, Abduraimova D. A., Otakhonov M.
5. Arifjanov A. M., Abduraimova D. A., Samiev L. N., Alternative energy sources for water giving. «Problemy povysheniya effektivnosti ispolzovaniya elektricheskoy energii otraslyax agropromyshlennogo kompleksa» International Scientific conference.- May 25-26.- 2015.- P. 234-238.
