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14Новости систематики высших растений 2018
Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 49: 19-23 I i ISSN 0568-5443
Fritillaria tunievii (Liliaceae), a new species from Armenia and North-East Anatolia
Fritillaria tunievii (Liliaceae) — новый вид из Армении и Северо-Восточной Анатолии
E. Tz. Gabrielian
Institute of Botany after A. L. Takhtajyan, National Academy
of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia
Department of Taxonomy and Geography of Higher Plants
Acharyana Str., 1, Yerevan, 0040, Republic of Armenia
https://doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2018.49.19
Э. Ц. Габриэлян
Институт ботаники им. А. Л. Тахтаджяна НАН Республики Армения
Отдел систематики и географии высших растений ул. Ачаряна, 1, Ереван, 0040, Республика Армения [email protected]
Abstract. The new peculiar species Fritillaria tunievii Gabrielian with twin flowers is described from Urts mountain range in Yerevan floristic region of Armenia. Revision of herbarium collections of related species revealed this species to grow also in Aragats, Aparan and Darelegis floristic regions of Armenia, and even in North-East Anatolia. Description, holotype image, distinguishing features from F. hajastanica (Gabrielian) Gabrielian, F. caucasica Adams and F. assyriaca Baker, the map of distribution of the species and photos of plants are enclosed.
Keywords: Fritillaria tunievii, Armenia, North-East Anatolia, new species, distinguishing features, distribution.
Аннотация. Новый своеобразный вид Fritillaria tunievii Gabrielian с двумя цветками описан с Урцского хребта, относящегося к Ереванскому флористическому району Армении. Ревизия гербарных материалов по родственным видам показала, что F. tunievii встречается также в Арагацском, Апаранском и Дарелегисском флористических районах Армении и в Северо-Восточной Анатолии. Для нового вида приводится описание, изображение голотипа, отличительные признаки от F. hajastanica (Gabrielian) Gabrielian, F. caucasica Adams и F. assyriaca Baker, карта распространения и фотографии растений в природе.
Ключевые слова: Fritillaria tunievii, Армения, Северо-Восточная Анатолия, новый вид, отличительные признаки, распространение.
Excellent specimens of peculiar Fritillaria L. plants with twin flowers were collected from Urts mountain range in Yerevan floristic region of Armenia by a famous herpetologist Boris S. Tuniev. His detailed notes and comparison with a related but well distinguished F. hajastanica (Gabrielian) Gabrielian growing nearby, compelled me to revise again all old and new collections, particularly from Armenia, kept in ERE Herbarium as well as to pass through the literature. To my astonishment I found that the same plants were previously collected as malformation forms from other places besides Urts mountain range. All they were determined as F. caucasica Adams or F. armena Boiss. and later as F. pinardii Boiss. subsp. hajastanica Gabrielian. Here I describe these plants as a new species and name it in honour of its collector.
Fritillaria tunievii Gabrielian, sp. nova (sect. Fritillaria). — Fig. 1.
Поступила в редакцию | Submitted: 20.08.2018
Bulb globose or slightly compressed, 10-13 mm diam., without stolons or bulblets. Stems 32-40 cm tall, robust, to 4-6 mm thick, glabrous below. Leaves 6-7(8), alternate, lanceolate, tapering at apex, lower ones 8-10 cm long, 8-14 mm wide, upper ones 5-6 cm long, 2-3 mm wide. Flowers always twin, narrowly campanulate, dark violet-brown, at base 4-5 mm wide, above 7-9 mm wide, at apex more or less revolute, finely white-papillose; inside pinkish-violet, very rarely yellowish. Segments of perianth 23-32 mm long. Nectaries narrowly linear, 5-6 mm long, 1 mm wide, green. Filaments 8-11 mm long, lower part flat, upper thin, glandulose. Anthers 8-11 mm long. Ovary 16 mm long, 1 mm wide near the base, 3 mm wide at apex. Style 10-11 mm long, 0.5 mm wide at base, 1.5 mm wide at apex; tip of style distinctly incised, three-edged. Capsule three-edged, 30 mm long, 10 mm wide. Fl. IV-V, fr. VI-VII.
Holotype (Fig. 2): Республика Армения, Араратский р-н, хр. Урцский, к югу от с. Урцадзор, сев.
Принята к публикации | Accepted: 21.12.2018
Fig. 1. Fritillaria tunievii, Urts mountain range (photos by B. S. Tuniev). a — habit, b — flowers.
склон гребня хребта, каменистая горная степь, 1850 м над ур. м., 17 V 2016, Б. С. Туниев [Republic of Armenia, Ararat District, Urts mountain range, to the S from the village of Urtsadzor, N slope of range ridge, rocky mountain steppe, alt. 1850 m, 17 V 2016, B. S. Tuniev] (ERE: barcode ERE0005792 (on the label: ERE 192248); isotypes — ERE 192249, LE).
Paratypes. Armenia. Aragats floristic region: Ара-гац, выше Нор Амберда, травянистый склон, 2300 м, 15 V 1999, Э. Габриэлян, опред. как F. caucasica [Mount Aragats, higher than Nor Amberd, grassy slope, 2300 m, 15 V 1999, E. Gabrielian, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 151719). Aparan floristic region: Егвард, г. Араилер [Ара], горная степь, южный склон, 1600-2100 м, 14 V 1958, Я. Мулкиджанян, Э. Габриэлян, опред. как F. caucasica [Yeghvard, Mount Arailer, mountain steppe, S slope, 1600-2100 m, 14 V 1958, J. Mulkidjanian, E. Gabrielian, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 144293); там же, А. Ахвердов, Н. Мирзоева [ibidem, A. Ach-
verdov, N. Mirzoeva, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 122932); там же, ЮЗ склон, 1920 м, 17 V 1988, К. Таманян, опред. как F. caucasica [ibidem, SW slope, 1920 m, 17 V 1988, K. Ta-manian, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 199169); там же, СВ склон, 2100-2500 м, субальпийский луг, 28 V 1990, К. Таманян, Г. Файвуш, опред. как F. caucasica [ibidem, NE slope, 2100-2500 m, subalpine meadow, 28 V 1990, K. Tamanian, G. Fayvush, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 144285). Darelegis floristic region: с. Ортакенд (Гладзор), 9 V 1933, А. Тахтад-жян, А. Мовсесян, опред. А. Араратян как F. armena [vill. Ortakend (Gladzor), 9 V 1933, A. Takhtajan, A. Movsesjan, det. by A. Araratjan as F. armena] (ERE 1820); между Вайк и Азатек, сев. склон р. Арпа, ущелье, можжевеловое редколесье, 1400-1700 м, 19 IV 1973, В. Манакян, опред. как F. caucasica [between Vaik and Azatek, N slope of the Arpa River gorge, juniper woodland, 1400-1700 m, 19 IV 1973, V. Manakjan, sub nom. F. caucasica] (ERE 100732); Vajotz sar, 4 km to SW of vill. Karmrashen, 2400 m, 27 VI 2003, M. Barkworth, F. Smith, E. Gabrielian, A. Nersesyan, sub nom. F.pinardii subsp. hajastanica (ERE 152475).
Affinity. Boris S. Tuniev noted that on Urts mountain range F. tunievii grows together with F. hajastanica (Fig. 3), which occurs from 1000 to 1800 m and more often than the former, which grows solitary or in small groups, mainly on the northern slopes of the mountain ridge at 1750-1850 m. As only these two related species occur on Urts mountain range, the following Table focuses on the distinctive characters of these two.
Habitat. Grassy stony slopes, mountain steppes, juniper woodland, subalpine meadows, N or NE slopes, rarely S or SW slopes, at 1400-2500 m.
Distribution. Armenia: Aragats, Aparan, Yerevan and Darelegis floristic regions; Turkey: North-East Anatolia (Fig. 4).
As F. tunievii is more often confused with F. caucasica (Gabrielian, 2001), I am bringing some weighty characters to distinguish the two species. F. caucasica is not so robust, its stem is 15-35 cm tall, 1-2 mm diam.; leaves are always 3-4; perianth campanulate, 22-38 mm long, dark purplish-brown; filaments thread-like, 10-20 mm long, always glabrous, usually purplish; anthers 7-9 mm long; style 14-18 mm long, slender, glabrous, at apex slightly expanded, easily falling; ovary 10-12 mm long, clavate.
In Armenia, F. caucasica occurs at 1600-2700 m a. s. l. in the northern and central parts of the republic: in Upper Akhurian, Shirak, Aragats, Ijevan, Aparan, Sevan and Gegham floristic regions. From Dagna, Kotuts and Urts mounts and farther southeast to the border of Iran, this species is not found, and replaced by F. arme-na and F. hajastanica.
In "Flora Iranica" (Rechinger, 1990: 73) it was indicated as F. caucasica for North-West Iran: "M. Qareh Dag prope Aliabad 20 km SW Kaleybar,
Fritillaria tunievii (Liliaceae), a new species from Armenia and North-East Anatolia
21
Fig. 2. Holotype of Fritillaria tunievii (ERE0005792).
ERE0005792
Table. Diagnostic characters of Fritillaria hajastanica and F. tunievii
Character F. hajastanica (Gabrielian, 2016) F. tunievii
Bulb 6-8(10) mm diam. 10-13 mm diam.
Stem 15-20 cm tall, to 1-2 mm diam. 32-40 cm tall, robust, to 4-6 mm diam.
Leaves always 3, alternate always 6-7(8), alternate
Flowers solitary twin
Perianth conical-campanulate narrowly campanulate
Segments of perianth 16-20 mm tall 23-32 mm long
Colour of external segments pinkish-purplish dark violet-brown
Colour of internal segments pinkish or pale greyish-lilak pinkish-violet, very rarely yellowish
Tips of segments whitish, finely papillose, not revolute light violet, finely papillose, revolute
Nectaries 3-4 mm long, 0.3 mm wide 5-6 mm long, 1 mm wide
Filaments 10-15 mm long, flat, densely white-glandulose 8-11 mm long, usually densely violet-glandu-lose
Anthers 7 mm long 8-11 mm long
Ovary 5-8 mm long, 2 mm wide 16 mm long, near the base 1 mm wide, at apex 3 mm wide
Style 11-17 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, slender, finely white-glandulose 10-11 mm long, 0.5 mm wide at base, 1.5 mm wide at apex, finely violet-glandulose
Tip of style indistinctly incised distinctly incised, three-edged
Capsule obovate, 16-20 mm long smoothly three-edged, 30 mm long, 10 mm wide
2300-2500 m, Lamond 4934! In Rech. 44325! W Winak, in declivibus versus fl. Araxes, substr. schistoso-arenac., 1300 m, Renz in Rech. 50073! In jugo 20 km S Ahar versus Tabriz, 1700 m, Wdb. & Assadi 19294!". The Table 60 represents the plants collected by J. Renz (№ 50073), and instead of F. caucasica there are absolutely other plants depicted, with rather big bulb, nine very narrow long tapering leaves, very long and narrow lower leaf, and very short flowers.
In "The Bulb Book..." (Rix, Phillips, 1981: 78-79), there is a photo which looks absolutely the same as F. tunievii. It was collected by E. M. Rix (№ 1641) from "Turkey Agri (= Mount Ararat), Tahir Dag, stony slopes, 2400 m". Rix considered this plant as a hybrid between F. assyriaca Baker x F. caucasuca, and noticed that "Hybrids are rare in Fritillaria, but this form is frequent in NE Turkey around Erzurum and Kars. It is usually found near the parents, but often growing in separate colonies". The plant in this photo is extremely similar to the specimens collected by B. S. Tuniev from Urts mountain range and to other plants collected earlier. On the same pages there is the image of F. assyriaca (= F. canaliculata Baker), which looks as quite a different plant.
According to the description of F. assyriaca (Rix, 1984: 300-301), it is rather doubtful that this species could be one of the parents of F. tunievii. The bulb of the
Fig. 3. Fritillaria hajastanica among cushions of Gyp-sophila aretioides, Urts mountain range (photo by B. S. Tuniev).
FritiLLaria tunievii (LiLiaceae), a new species from Armenia and North-East AnatoLia
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Fig. 4. Distribution of Fritillaria tunievii.
latter has no stolons or bulblets. Stems during flowering are much taller (32-40 cm), robust, thick, while the stems of F. assyriaca are 4-20 cm long, not robust, thinner, glabrous, never papillose below. Leaves are neither linear nor canaliculate, flowers are not greenish-brown, etc. According to Rix, F. assyriaca is native of Eastern Turkey, Northern Iran, Northern Iraq and probably of Armenia. However, this species does not occur in Armenia.
References
Gabrielian E. Tz. 2001. Rod Fritillaria L., ryabchik [Genus Fritillaria L., Fritillary] // Flora Armenii [Flora of Armenia] /
A. L. Takhtajan (ed.-in-chief). Vol. 10. Ruggell, Liechtenstein: A. R. G. Gantner Verlag KG. P. 73-82. [In Russian] (Габриэлян Э. Ц. 2001. Род Fritillaria L., рябчик // Флора Армении / гл. ред. А. Л. Тахтаджян. Т. 10. Ruggell, Liechtenstein: A. R. G. Gantner Verlag KG. С. 73-82).
Gabrielian E. Tz. 2016. Fritillaria hajastanica (Liliaceae), a new species from Armenia // Takhtajania. Iss. 3. P. 4-5.
Rechinger K. H. 1990. Fritillaria // Flora Iranica. № 165: Liliaceae II. Graz, Austria: Akad. Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. P. 61-76.
Rix E. M. 1984. Fritillaria L. // Flora of Turkey. Vol. 8. Edinburgh: Univ. Press. P. 284-302.
Rix M., Phillips R. 1981. The Bulb Book: A Photographic Guide to over 800 Hardy Bulbs. London: Pan Books. 192 p.
