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КЛИНИКО-ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ДЕТЕЙ С СИНДРОМОМ
ДЕФИЦИТА ВНИМАНИЯ И
ГИПЕРАКТИВНОСТЬЮ И
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FORMATiON OF TRAiNEES' MORAL QUALiTiES THROUGH EDUCATiONAL _TECHNOLOGiES._
DOI: 10.31618/ESU.2413-9335.2019.3.68.452
Hamidova Gunay
Senior Lieutenant, Adjunct
SUMMARY
The article discusses the essence of the upbringing, the systematic methods of educational technology, the technological basis of educational work, the military pedagogical process, the contradictions that are the driving forces of the educational process, and the optimization of the use of educational technologies. Keywords: educational technology, military pedagogical process, conflicts, optimization
The student studying at the higher military school is the officer of tomorrow. That is why the main purpose and qualification of the educational work is to make the Today's student an educated person of tomorrow's profession, an officer loyal to his work, state, who knows and applies the meaning of such concepts as honor and dignity, conscience and commitment. The main task of the graduate trainee is to serve the state, to protect its interests and territorial integrity. For this purpose, the moral education of the trainee should be at a high level. The lack of moral education will not only have a negative impact on the professional activity of the trainee, but also lead to a moral weakening of his personality.
The educational process is a continuous, systematic and consistent influence of tutors on the learners, where a system of purposeful work is built. The work of upbringing lasts a person all his/her life, the result is a process that appears late and manifests itself in the actions of a person.
Upbringing is a purposeful professional activity aimed at the development of a person's personality, formation of modern cultural outlook, creation of certain views.
The essence of education - to formalize personality with high human qualities includes the development of noble moral qualities, family relations and culture. At the same time, upbringing serves to direct those who are brought up in society to the norms of correct behavior and to adopt national and universal values.
In this regard, the main purpose of the military training process is to ensure that the students are trained as professional officers. To achieve this, the trainee must be technologically and practically involved in the process of upbringing the components that constitute the essence of moral qualities (moral consciousness;
moral feelings; moral position; moral transformation; spiritual behaviour).
The transfer of moral values based on moral values to the trainees through the education technologies - the formation of an unconditional command, the sense of duty, the sense of pride in the military profession and service in the army; the development of professional, pedagogical skills and the commitment of the military to take personal responsibility, care and respect for training and education; the development of ethical principles, enhancement of the pedagogical culture, and improvement of self-esteem.
The essence of moral education is understood as the process of purposeful, continuous, direct and indirect pedagogical influence on the military's consciousness, feeling and will. The transfer of the objective society and moral needs to the military's needs is in the process of moral education.
The value of the purposeful, planned and organized activities that ensure the constant and harmonious development of the trainee is formed by the technological principles that shape it.
At the same time, technologies should be applied for operations carried out in accordance with the laws, principles and methods of education in the military pedagogical process. Spiritual upbringing develops feelings of pride, sincerity, responsibility, and so on, which give a high purpose to the work and ideas of those who are technologically trained. The main requirement to achieve this is to ensure that hierarchy is interrelated, with all components involved in the military pedagogical process (training, education, training and development).
An integrated link between basic components such as training, upbringing, education and development in the military pedagogical process can be illustrated in the following way:
The technology of education promotes systematic design of methods in the military pedagogical process.
Based on the principle of comprehensive impact and completeness of the study, systematic methods of educational technology are divided into four groups:
1. Technology for Methods of forming consciousness;
2. Technology for methods of organizing activities and shaping behavioral practices;
3. Technology for stimulating activity and behavior;
4. Technology for control and self-control in education.
We consider it appropriate to systematically investigate the implementation of the technological bases of educational work in the formation of the moral qualities of the students at the higher military school in several important areas. This includes:
Systematized directions of moral qualities
1. Spiritual awareness
2. Spiritual Feelings
3. Spiritual position
4. Emotional face
5. Moral behavior, habits and skills
The trainees should determine their own educational technology related to instilling values in each direction of moral qualities. They have a strategic nature and are solved with the use of pedagogical technologies:
To formalize spiritual consciousness (to distinguish between good and evil, kindness and malice, beauty and ugliness, truth and falsity, mill-spiritual consciousness, national self-esteem, vetch, national sympathy, self-sacrifice, partisanship to the genocide).
2. Creating moral feelings (conscience, honor, dignity, honor, debt, trust, responsibility, patriotism, citizenship).
3. Formalize a spiritual position (to make sacrifices in difficult moments of life, to be kind, to treat people with respect, care and tenderness, to help and assist).
4. Formation of a moral image (patience and restraint, tolerance, organizedness, accuracy, loyalty, courage, culture, courtesy, simplicity and modesty, honesty, friendship and compassion and care).
5. Formalize moral behavior, habits and skills (be ready to serve the motherland, people, respect the Customs and traditions of the people, demonstrate moral behavior, make the right independent decision, communicate and treat decently, be kind to people).
The military pedagogical process for teachers (trainees) is a coordinating and guiding process to achieve predetermined results; and for the trainees, as researchers, practitioners, and creators, they are built on the following principles:
* Integrity of the pedagogical process - In the pedagogical process, the learning objectives are complex (developing, educating, upbringing), encompassing the activities of teachers and trainees, with real results;
* creating equal opportunities in training - all trainees are provided with the same training conditions and the military pedagogical process is regulated taking into account their potential;
* trainee orientation - student stands at the center of the military pedagogical process;
* all teaching and learning work is aimed at meeting the interests and needs of the trainees, developing their talent and abilities and potential opportunities;
* developmental orientation - trainees' cognitive activity is tracked, achievements are analyzed, levels of development of knowledge, skills and habits are regulated;
* Stimulation of activities - efficient and effective military pedagogical process, all progress in training of trainees is recorded and evaluated to increase the interest of the students;
* Creating a supportive environment - the organization of the military pedagogical process on the basis of an appropriate material and technical base and in a healthy spiritual and psychological environment creates favorable and safe learning environments for improving quality and effectiveness.
The effectiveness of these principles makes it necessary to integrate education technology in the military pedagogical process in conjunction with other components.
After gaining independence, as in many areas, extensive changes have been made in the field of education and important work has been done at the state level. Major reforms have been carried out in order to realize significant achievements in the field of education and to create conditions in line with the requirements of the modern day. The law established in the successful solution of educational reform processes: educational-innovative (1999-2003), preparation (2004-2007) and implementation (2008-2013) laid the foundation of the school of thought.(2, p 229)
Educational reform has made it necessary to develop new generation of textbooks. New textbooks and teaching aids were published in accordance with the subject curriculum. Naturally, these works are very important.
The disciplines taught not only acquire the knowledge and skills of future officers in their specialties, but also develop and shape their thinking processes and outlook, coordinates scientifically and integrates, gives the student an objective approach to the issues of war and peace, the events taking place in war, and the processes that take place in society.
Modern approach to the educational technology of moral qualities of students makes it necessary to take into account the requirements during the training of subjects in the military educational process for the preparation of a professional, morally rich, formed officer of the future: correct selection of the content of the subject taught; enrichment of the subject with scientific discoveries based on new scientific knowledge; special compliance with the requirements arising from the General Laws of the educational process; continuity and rationality in the educational process on subjects; correct determination of the content of textbooks in accordance with the requirements of modern society, provision of additional scientific literature, etc.
Interaction of the taught subjects allows to more effectively ensure the scientific outlook of the trainees, the ability of the future officer to apply theoretical knowledge in practice.
Teaching subjects provides great opportunities for the students moral education and is generally better prepared to understand their own and other people's moral and ethical principles, to understand society's rules and attitudes, to understand, to practice, and to engage in martial law.
Pedagogical sources indicate that "since the 70s of the XX century, a new interdisciplinary scientific direction, namely, synergism in the field of natural sciences, is emerging and contains the general laws and principles .. The specificity of the interdisciplinary knowledge methodology is largely due to the tendency for synthesis of integration. "
Research shows that "... the achievements of synergy open up opportunities for modernization of education through the traditions, methods and approaches of the humanities and sciences" (3).
In the process of modernization, a combination of humanities and exact sciences is emerging. At this juncture, activities are organized to develop integrated
standards, to teach integrated lessons and to develop an integrated thinking style.
The following components of the relevant mechanism should be taken into account in the curriculum and textbook analysis:
To study the trainee (individual characteristics); to determine the motives, causes of his behavior and actions; to set a concrete educational goal before the trainee; to determine the means and ways of achieving the goal; to create a positive emotional state; to help and control student in the realization of the goal; to evaluate, motivate the first successes; involvement of trainees in self-control and self-education - (4, p.182)
Military education is a special area of strategic activity that provides security and protection of the country. Military education is a process of training and upbringing that ensures a gradual mastering of systematic knowledge, skills and habits. Here spiritual education is important in terms of personality formation.
Personality is a specific person belonging to a particular society, class, or collective, who understands his or her attitude to his surroundings, has social significance and individual characteristics. (5, p.89).
Becoming a person means having a certain lifestyle, above all, a moral position, clearly understanding your position as a member of the community and taking responsibility for it, and endorsing it with your life, work, and service. (6, p.6)
Therefore, it is necessary to follow the sequence of formation and development of the student's personality.
In modern pedagogical technology, the process of education is understood as a harmonious formation and development of the personality, and both parties (who teachs and who learn, educator and being brought up) act as co-operative parties for a common purpose. The teacher should be able to apply the technology of cooperation to the dialectical nature of the educational process. Here, the fact that upbringing is a constantly developing process, the fact that the subject and object form mutual unity, the existing contradictions act as a driving force must find a real solution.
Contradictions, which are the driving force of the educational process, are divided into two groups: external and internal:
External contradictions relate to discrepancies (contradictions) between the demands of society and the capabilities of personality and the level of upbringing. Every trainee acquires new qualities in order to meet the requirements of society (School, family).
Internal contradictions are inconsistencies (contradictions) between the demands of the student's personality and the ability to meet them. With the driving force that eliminates this, the trainees are looking for new ways to meet their needs, learn tools, methods, operations, knowledge and skills in accordance with effective training technologies. Thus, the internal conflict between demand and opportunity of the trainee is eliminated.
The technological solution of contradictions is based on the method of systematic design of the
educational process, which ensures to improve the efficiency and quality, to create optimal conditions for the development of personality.
Educational technologies have wide impact in the preparation of military personnel at the level of modern requirements, their comprehensive development, gaining the necessary moral qualities.
Educational technology means the process of reeducation, methods and tools of the educational process, which is theoretically justified and possible to achieve the educational goals, is understood in the context of the operations carried out during the joint application.
Educational technology is a set of operations for purposeful formation of relative, stable, and regular, generalized relationships. In any pedagogical system, educational technology is a concept that interacts with educational tasks. If the purpose of education is to include the goals of education and training, the technology of education reflects the ways in which they are brought about and the means by which they are realized.
The control algorithm used in each educational technology consists of tracking and control rules and a system of correction of operations to achieve the intended purpose.
Reference should be made to the generalized scheme of the appropriate algorithm for the development and implementation of educational technology. The scheme covers several stages of training: guiding (forming an understanding of educational goals); implementation (realization of methods, means of education in the established sequence); control and correction.
The content of educational technologies in the formation of trainees' moral qualities is determined primarily by the basic principles of the new pedagogical thinking (humanization, democratization, humanitarianization, developmental and educational training, personalization, differentiation).
Positive results obtained through the use of modern technology in the teaching process, while improving the quality of training, also attract the trainees' interest and direct them to effective activities. Observations show that the theoretical and practical application of programming and computerization to the process of education is technologically important and optimizes the development of moral qualities. The idea of using ICTs to address problems of education has already reached the level of practical technology. Accuracy of educational effects on the basis of instructional technology with the help of computer attracts more attention..
The use of educational technologies is an integral part of the military pedagogical process in this area, operations related to the choice of a more suitable variant of the solution of the work on the formation of moral qualities of students.
At the same time, the following directions should be taken into account:
1. To teach the students the cultural norms in the school where they are studying, to acquire the
necessary knowledge and skills in the military pedagogical process;
2. Demonstrate the potential of the trainee independently using the values gained by the trainee. (7. p. 55)
Improvement of the pedagogical system is carried out in two ways (intensive and extensive). The methodology of optimization of the educational process expands the possibilities of the use of pedagogical technology, effectively enhances the competence and professionalism of the teacher.
There are theoretical and practical ways of optimization: in theoretical aspect - synonyms of the concept of "optimization" are considered - accounting, comparison, reconciliation; In practical terms, "optimization" is defined as the innovation, reorganization of the pedagogical system, bringing it into the best possible way to solve the tasks.
Studies show that in order to successfully optimize the teaching and learning process, the teacher must have the following personal qualities: creative thinking; the agility of thinking; specificity of thinking; systematization of thinking; ability to wait for decision-making and operating limits; Ability to communicate faster and to expect a pedagogical tact.
It becomes clear from experience and observations that effective use of educational technology in the cognitive activity of students in the higher military school, formation of their research abilities, conscious attitude towards the application of acquired knowledge and its practical application have significant impact.
Conclusion
the essence of moral education is understood as the process of purposeful, continuous, direct and indirect pedagogical influence on the consciousness, feeling and will of the serviceman;
to evaluate the purposeful, planned and organized activities of the trainee, providing consistent and harmonious development of the trainees through the technological principles that shape it;
Effectiveness of the principles ensuring the establishment of military pedagogical process is conditioned by the systematic application of educational technology in conjunction with other components;
the subjects taught provide great opportunities for the spiritual education of our students;
Technologically resolution of conflicts based on the method of systematic designing of the educational process ensures efficiency and quality improvement, creation of optimal conditions for personal development;
Optimization of the use of educational technologies is an integral part of the military pedagogical process in which the students perform their operations to choose the most appropriate solution to the formation of moral qualities;
The methodology of optimization of the educational process expands the possibilities of the use of pedagogical technologies, provides efficiency of teacher's competence and professionalism.
References
1.Azarbaycan Respublikasinin Tahsil institutu, Elmi asarlar. cild 84, № 5, 2017, 174s
2.36ipHm наукових праць Педагопчш науки, Випуск LXXIX, Том 2, Херсон-2017, 232 стр.
3.Pedaqoqigeskiye texnoloqii: Ugebnoe posobiye dlya studentov pedaqoqigeskiye spesialnostey/Pod ob§ey red. V.S.Kukulina. - Seriya "Pedaqoqigeskiye obrazovaniya". - Moskva KKQ "MarT"; Rostov N-D: izdatelskiy sentr "Mar T", 2004. https://www.muallim.edu.az/www.old/arxiv/2013/17/ 23.htm
4.M.ismixanov, R.Baxtiyarova. Ali maktab pedaqogikasi. Baki: BDU, 2011, 236 s.
5. V.O.Muxtarov. Harbi Psixologiya. Baki-2002, 176 s.
6. N.A.öliyev, S.S.Gözalov. Harbi qulluqgu §axsiyyatinin psixologiyasi va harbi intizami möhkamlandirilmasi masalalari. Baki 2000. 48 s.
7. §.O.Agayev, S.H.Mammadova. Texniki-pe§a tahsili müassisalarinda talimin ta§kilinin didaktik masalalari. Baki, "Nasir" na§riyyati, 2010. 204 s.
TO THE PROBLEM OF SPEECH CULTURE IN TEACHING
Kerimbekova Meruert Zhenisovna
Teacher
Karaganda Medical University Karaganda, Kazakhstan
ABSTRACT
This article deals with constantly changing, growing person to whom sample approaches and stereotype actions are inapplicable. The article gives valuable
Information about the process of formation of speech culture. Speech culture of the person ,culture of thinking, feelings, behavior. The aim of this article is the transition to new, creative technologies, innovative transformations. The main attention is paid to teacher's personality the requirements of professional and personal qualities. In conclusion the author writes that education is the only thing that is divine and immortal in people. And two things that are the best in the nature of a human are sense and speech .
Key words: transition, potential, culture, value, speech, generation, action, richness, accuracy, statement.
The XXI century is the time of global reforms. In pedagogy, it is the transition to new, optimal psychological-pedagogical systems-creative
technologies, innovative transformations.
In modern conditions of development of society the special attention is paid to teacher's personality, thus requirements to professional and personal qualities, to creative individuality, pedagogical skills are increasing.
A problem of pedagogical skills was studied by such leading teachers and psychologists as Yu.P.Azarov, 1P.Andriadi, Yu.K.Babansky, L.A.Baykov, LK.Baklanov. L.K.Grebennikova, M.I.Ermolenko,G. M. Kodzhaspirova, N. V. Kuzmin, N. V. Kukharev, B.T.Likhachev, A.S.Makarenko, A.K. Markova, V.A.Mizherikov, NA.Morev,
E.M.Pavlyuchenkov, A.V.Petrovsky, IP.Podlasy. A.I.Prigozhin, M. V.Prokhorov, A.I.Savenkov, V. V. Serikov, S. V. Sidorov, B. D. Sinyukhin, V.A.Slastenin, V.A.Sukhomlinsky,AI.Shcherbakov, S. D. Yakushev.
In modern conditions of education development the special attention is paid to the highly professional teacher, the expert with creative potential, capable of self-development and self-improvement, of creation and transfer of the values, having pedagogical skills. S.D. Yakushev claims that the teacher-master is the expert of high culture, master of his craft, he perfectly knows the discipline he teaches, teaching and education technique, possesses psychological knowledge, and also knowledge in various branches of science and arts.
The contribution to understanding of role and value of professional skills in teacher's work was brought by such scientists, as: Yu. P.Azarov, V.M.
Bukatov, O.S. Bulatova, P.M. Ershov, Scientific literature gives theoretical bases of pedagogical skills, distinguishes its specific signs: B.T.Likhachev believes that pedagogical skill is a part of pedagogical art and is expressed in teacher's possession of methods and techniques, of the whole range of pedagogical skills which provide practical implementation of pedagogical art in the course of personality formation". V.A. Slastenin understands pedagogical skill as an alloy of personal and business qualities and professional competence of teacher. Pedagogical skill, according to G. M. Kodzhaskpirova, is a level of perfect possession of teaching process. S. D. Yakushev considers that pedagogical skill is an art of teaching and educating, available to each teacher, demanding continuous improvement. This is a professional ability to direct all types of teaching and educational work on all-round development of learner including his world view and abilities. The essence of pedagogical skill, as S. D. Yakushev declares, consists in qualities of teacher's personality who carrying out this work provides its success. Pedagogical skill, as the scientist claims, is professional ability to optimize all types of teaching-and-educational activity aimed at all-round development and improvement of personality, formation of world view and abilities.
Urgency of formation of teacher's speech culture in professional activity is obvious. Undoubted pedagogical value is included into teacher's speech culture which is a sample of native language, educated speech for younger generation. The teacher, as S. D. Yakushev writes, deals with constantly changing, growing person to whom sample approaches and stereotype actions are inapplicable. And it demands
