CC BY
3References
1. Godin A.M. Marketing / A.M. Godin - textbook for universities. M., 2010. 710 p.
2. Aizenberg M.N. Advertising management. / M. : Inteltech LLP, 2011 340 p.
3. Artemenko V.G. Advertising in trade. Novosibirsk, 2006. 312 p.
FORMATION OF MARKET RELATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN Jumaboyev A.A.
Jumaboyev Alisher Askarjon ugli - Student,
FACULTY OF AGROBUSINESS AND DIGITAL ECONOMY, ANDIJAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO
TECHNOLOGIES, ANDIJAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the market economy is the basis of commodity-money relations, the nature of which is determined by objective economic laws. Market relations began to form at the dawn of civilization and have passed more than a thousand years of development.
Keywords: prices, taxes, interest rates, profits, rent, market relations, independent economic activities.
UDC 00.33
Historically, there have been two types of market relations. The first was formed spontaneously from the scattered and uncoordinated actions of the producer and the consumer. The second is the complete opposite of the first: the state, through the introduction of prices, taxes, interest rates, profits, rent, subsidies and other instruments, has given market relations a purposeful character.
Currently, market relations are the main form of existence of the world economy.
The market economy has the following features:
• a commodity producer is the owner or lessee of property, since he realizes his right to work through the right to private property;
• a commodity producer is the owner of the produced goods and he has the right to dispose of these goods;
• the fate of the goods that entered the market is decided as a result of free bargaining, on one side of which is the manufacturer of the goods, and on the other - its buyer;
The world experience and the experience of Uzbekistan indicate that the market economy develops according to objective laws that do not depend on anyone's will, and ignoring them is fraught with serious negative consequences. After gaining independence, Uzbekistan followed the path followed by the entire world civilization. The market economy develops everywhere and always according to the same laws, which, however, does not exclude the peculiarities of its formation in different countries. The latter is due to a number of reasons, among which are the natural and climatic conditions, historical features of the structure of the national economic complex, traditions and customs, which in general constitute the mentality inherent in this people, etc.
The economy of Uzbekistan has been radically reformed, the introduction of market relations into public life is based on a clearly defined strategic line, the benchmark for which is the following:
• creation of a strong and reliable economic system, which is maximally acceptable for the life and work of the citizens of the republic;
• joining the world integration processes;
In his works and speeches, I. Karimov defines such priority areas for the development of a complex national economic complex as a reform of the market economy of Uzbekistan:
• stabilization of the market for goods and services, which requires tightening financial policy, strengthening the credit and banking system, developing measures to prevent the depreciation of securities and introducing antimonopoly procedures;
• providing the population with food;
The strategy of implementing market reforms proposed by the President of the country formed the basis of the economic policy of Uzbekistan. The first stage of the formation of a market economy in Uzbekistan covered the period from the declaration of independence to the appearance of the national currency on the domestic market. At this stage, two fundamentally important tasks were solved in the republic. The adopted laws can be roughly divided into five categories.
The first group of laws dealt with issues of independence, including economic independence, and determined the procedure for governing the state. On their basis, central and local authorities function.
The second group of laws directly concerns economic relations, more precisely, a mixed economy and private property. Among them, a prominent place is occupied by laws on property, land, on denationalization and privatization, on rent, on the privatization of state housing stock, etc.
The third group of laws concerns business entities. Among them are the following: about enterprises, cooperatives, farms, collective farms and partnerships. They became the legal basis for the creation of new forms of management.
The fourth group of laws concerns the stimulation of foreign economic activity: on foreign economic activity; on the membership of Uzbekistan in leading international organizations; about currency; about free economic zones.
The fifth group of laws concerns human rights, social support and protection of the population: on employment; on social protection of disabled people; on state pension provision; about education; about the foundations of state youth policy; on freedom of conscience and religious organizations.
In the difficult conditions of the transition to a market economy, they played a positive role in the social protection of the poor and opened up a wide scope for the private creative initiative of citizens.
The constitution of sovereign Uzbekistan, a constantly updated and improving set of laws and accompanying legislative acts
provided a legal basis for replacing the outdated economic and political system with a new one, the basis for which was the market economy.
References
1. Godin A.M. Marketing / A.M. Godin - textbook for universities. M., 2010. 710 p.
2. Aizenberg M.N. Advertising management. / M.: Inteltech LLP, 2011. 340 p.
3. Artemenko V.G. Advertising in trade. Novosibirsk, 2006. 312 p.
FORMS OF COMPETITION IN INTERNATIONAL
MARKETING Jumaboyev AA.
Jumaboyev Alisher Askarjon ugli - Student, FACULTY OF AGROBUSINESS AND DIGITAL ECONOMY, ANDIJAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRO
TECHNOLOGIES, ANDIJAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: to make a decision to enter the world market, an important role is also played by the characteristics of the market to which the company enters or plans to enter. There is a seller's or a buyer's market. The functioning of the firm depends on the nature of the market. Production activities should be carried out using the existing production facilities. The search for buyers in the foreign market of the manufacturer is carried out for the offered product or service.
Keywords: enterprises, banks, insurance companies, market, buyers and sellers, price.
UDC 00.33
The main condition for the existence of a full-fledged market is the presence of competition, with the aim of making a profit, as
