CC BY
3
UDC 339.5
Bohdaniuk E. V., PhD
Senior lecturer of the department of Statistics and Economic Analysis National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine, Kiev Andreieva A. student
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine, Kiev
FORMATION AND USE OF UKRAINE'S EXPORT POTENTIAL IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Annotation. The article substantiates that the key levers of the impact of exports on the foreign economic activity of the state within the international division of labor are manifested through the promotion of competitive products, works and services in foreign markets; receipt by the country of revenue in foreign currency, which is necessary for the improvement and renewal of production capacity through modern technical and technological and managerial inventions and ideas; making timely payment for imported products that are necessary for the country.
Key words: foreign economic activity, foreign trade, export, Ukraine
In modern conditions, the most priority areas of economic development of our country are the acceleration of foreign economic activity, mutually beneficial partnerships with foreign partners, which should be based on increasing the level of export potential. Since the country's foreign economic policy is aimed at European integration and promotion of Ukrainian products on the EU market, increasing the level of export potential can be done by updating and modernizing production processes and adjusting quality standards to the requirements of importing countries.
The basis of the country's foreign economic activity is its foreign trade, which is carried out in two main forms: exports and imports. The key levers of the impact of exports on the foreign economic activity of the state within the international division of labor are manifested through the promotion of competitive products, works and services in foreign markets; receipt by the country of revenue in foreign currency, which is necessary for the improvement and renewal of production capacity through modern technical and technological and managerial inventions and ideas; making timely payment for imported products that are necessary for the country. Thus, the rational ratio of exports and imports can contribute to the formation of a positive balance of payments of the state. Intensification of the process of changes in the areas of foreign economic activity at the current stage of development of Ukraine's economy necessitates a
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thorough study of the problems and prospects for the development of export potential. However, today the theoretical aspects of export potential remain unexplored. In order to explore the concept of "export potential", let's expand its basis, namely the concept of "export". According to the Law of Ukraine "On Foreign Economic Activity", the export of goods is the sale of goods by Ukrainian subjects of foreign economic activity to foreign economic entities (including payment in non-monetary form) with or without export of these goods across the customs border of Ukraine, including re-export of goods. The introduction of a free trade regime with promising partners allows Ukraine to expand its geography and increase the product range of national exports by facilitating access to the markets of such countries in the longer term.
To date, the most popular and most appropriate is the direction of integration of the Ukrainian economy into the European Union. This view is shared in the works of many scientists who study the countries of North and South America. The connection with the CIS countries is gradually being lost. Instead, cooperation with such countries as the United States, Canada, and Mexico is being promoted. Ukrainian exporters of agricultural products actively cooperate with Asian countries, in particular Egypt. Increasing the level of export potential of agricultural enterprises under the influence of European integration is an important aspect of improving the country's economic situation, but according to statistics, the volume of agricultural exports to the European Union is relatively small. The reason for this situation is the low level of its competitiveness, and, as already mentioned, it is influenced by outdated equipment, imperfect technologies in agricultural enterprises, and, as a result, products do not meet the requirements of the European market. Among the goods that Ukraine exports to the EU, grain crops, oilseeds, vegetable oil, and waste from the food industry predominate, but the range has the potential to expand. Thus, the assessment of modern conditions for the formation and use of export potential clearly indicates the existence of certain problems in this area, as well as some positive trends, which are expressed in the motivating effects of certain factors (European integration, free trade agreements). At the same time, such stimulating factors have all the prerequisites to be transformed into factors that cause a limiting effect on the formation of export potential. That is why scientists and practitioners need to constantly study the influence of factors shaping the export potential of agricultural enterprises and send their proposals to public authorities to extend their incentive effect, as well as to prevent regression patterns.
References:
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2. Бегма В.М. Деяю аспекти визначення експортного потенщалу украшського оборонно - промислового комплексу. Проблеми науки. 2019. № 7. C. 45-51.
3. Щербша С. В. Розвиток зовшшньоторговельних перспектив агропромислового комплексу Украши в контекст Gвроiнтеграцii. 2020. С.5-10.
