CC BY
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Эпоха науки № 20 - Декабрь 2019
УДК 394.3
DOI 10.24411/2409-3203-2019-12107
FOOTBALL IN THE CULTURE OF GREAT BRITAIN
Gordon Jennifer
University of Technology (faculty of Business) Australia, Sydney
Abstract. The article reflects the history of football, its development and influence on the formation of cultural features of Great Britain. Also reflects the problem of the behavior of fans -football fans and the role of the state in resolving this problem.
Keywords: English Football League, football teams, English football clubs, national sport.
Football in the UK is organized by its four countries, England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, each of which has its own independent football association. The United Kingdom national football team is currently missing. Football is the most popular sport in the United Kingdom since the 1860s.
England is the country where football appeared. A game that captures the minds and hearts of millions of fans around the world. It is not by chance that English football clubs remain one of the strongest in Europe. Many of them have already celebrated their centenary, never ceasing to please their fans. At the beginnings Many modern researchers claim that games similar to football were still in ancient China and among the Inca tribes. However, more reliable information sends us all the same to medieval England. Football then, of course, was very different from the current one: there were no uniform rules, the games were organized spontaneously and often turned into fights. So much so that King Edward III even tried to ban matches, calling football more dangerous and useless entertainment than archery [1].
In the XIX century, the situation has changed dramatically. At first, you could play with your hands and feet. The key date is 1863, when a single set of rules was first adopted. There was a split among football fans. The most important was the decision to ban play by hand. Some agreed with this, others became the founders of rugby [2].
The English Football League is the oldest in the world. It was founded in 1888. In the first season 12 teams took part, the competitions were held in two circles. The champion was the club "Preston North End", now serving in the championship of the football league (the second most important tournament). Only 4 teams are the participants of the first championship, which this year will play in the Premier League. These are West Bromwich Albion, Everton, Burnley and Stoke City. It is worth noting that the name of the English football clubs does not change with such frequency, as often happens with us. Most of the groups are called the same as 100 years ago. The oldest tournament in the world And yet the very first tournament in the history of football was not a championship, but the Cup of England. His first rally was held in the 1871/72 season. Initially, 15 teams showed up for the draw, but 3 of them subsequently withdrew their candidacies.
And yet the very first tournament in the history of football was not a championship, but the Cup of England. His first rally was held in the 1871/72 season. Initially, 15 teams showed up for the draw, but 3 of them subsequently withdrew their candidacies. Unlike the names, which remained unchanged, the emblems of English football clubs were subject to change. At the same time, the main elements were, as a rule, preserved. For example, a canary on the Norwich logo or a rooster on the Tottenham coat of arms.
Fans attach great importance to symbolism. Nicknames of commands are most often associated with animals or objects depicted on emblems. Logos of English football clubs are very diverse. It is important to them and the presence of the motto. At the same "Tottenham" he reads: "To decide is to do." To do their job, that is, to become champions, the "spurs" have so far
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succeeded only twice. And the last time - already back in 1961. Champions Manchester United is the most award-winning club in England today. They won the first title in 1908, and the last in 2013. In their history, the team won the English Championship 20 times and won silver medals 15 times.
English football clubs, which managed to get the main trophy, are included in the hall of fame of the "most football" country in Europe. There are 24 such teams in total. Among them are those who are still leaders not only in national but also in European football, and those who have long played in the lower leagues [3].
Football is a truly national sport. In each school there is a football section, in every district there are children's and adult teams, and football fields are never empty. Many "yard" teams have a form and even hire judges for the duration of the games. There is a Russian team. Russians traditionally play in Regent's Park, usually at 11 am on Sundays. The Russian game is heard from afar by well recognizable abusive expressions, without which we have football - not football.
And of course, in Britain, it is customary to root for any team. Many Englishmen demonstrate amazing awareness of the Russian teams and are fully capable of supporting a conversation about the features of Russian football and the successes or failures of a particular club.
On gaming days, London pubs are crowded regardless of the day of the week. The fame of British fans, or rather football fans, went far and long outside the UK. A lot of films about the cruel morals of English fans were made. In the 1970s and 1980s, not a single game passed without massive bloody clashes between football fans. And in appearance, those English fans were no different from modern Russian ones. Rather, of course, we adopted pho
References:
1. http://fb.ru/arti cle/258351/i storiya-futbola-i
2. http://fb.ru/article/258351/istoriya-futbola-i-angliyskie-futbolnyie-klubyi
3. http://fb.ru/article/258351/istoriya-futbola-i-angliyskie-futbolnyie-klubyiubyi
4. https://document.wikireading.ru/38804
