CC BY
1Fluorescence monitoring for early search harmful algae blooms
• 1 2 1 2 i • 2 A. Popik , S. Voznesenskiy , T. Dunkay , E. Gamayunov , T. Orlova , A. Leonov , A. Zinov
1-Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041
Vladivostok, st. Radio 5, Russia 2- A. V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, st. Palchevskogo 17, Russia
* popikay@yandex. ru
The harmful algae blooms (HABs) have a huge impact on the economies of countries that are most dependent on marine fisheries, farming and tourism [1]. Many countries in the Asia-Pacific region are facing this serious problem. Ocean warming trends are causing rapid and abrupt changes in Arctic marine ecosystems. In this regard, the economic risks associated with HABs are becoming relevant for the Russian coastal region as well [2].
The use of optical methods, such as probing water areas with submersible fluorescence sensors [3] or satellite probing of the color of the sea surface [4], allows us to determine the concentration of chlorophyll a. However, the absence of information on the species composition of marine algae introduces a large error in the data on the concentration of chlorophyll.
Measuring the fluorescence spectra of microalgae in a wide range of temperatures, with a given heating mode, allows us to study the characteristic changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of different groups of algae, which are reflected in their optical signals [5]. The temperature dependence of fluorescence spectra allows the creation of fluorescence temperature spectra, three-dimensional surfaces that can be used as fingerprints of microalgae. Figure 1 shows the fluorescence temperature spectra of three monocultures of microalgae that potentially cause HABs.
Figure 1. Fluorescence temperature spectra
a - Alexandrium catenella; b - Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata; c - Heterosigma akashiwo.
Development of a method for obtaining and analyzing temperature fluorescence spectra and the fluorescence characteristics of microalgae obtained with their help allows to identify monocultures of microalgae by their optical characteristics at the genus level and provides a potential opportunity to identify a blooming species when it dominates in natural waters.
Work was obtained with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 2377-00004).
[1] C.R.C. Kouakou, T.G. Poder, Economic impact of harmful algal blooms on human health: A systematic review, J. Water Health. 17 (2019) 499-516.
[2] T.Y. Orlova, T.V. Morozova, Dinoflagellate Cysts of the Genus Alexandrium Halim, 1960 (Dinophyceae: Gonyaulacales) in Recent Sediments from the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, Russ. J. Mar. Biol. 45 (2019) 397-407.
[3] S.S. Voznesenskiy, E.L. Gamayunov, A.Y. Popik, A.A. Korotenko, A fiber-optic fluorometer for measuring phytoplankton photosynthesis parameters, Instruments Exp. Tech. 57 (2014) 330-335.
[4] Y. Li, R.P. Stumpf, D.J. McGillicuddy, R. He, Dynamics of an intense Alexandrium catenella red tide in the Gulf of Maine: satellite observations and numerical modeling, Harmful Algae. 99 (2020) 101927.
[5] A.Y. Popik, E.L. Gamayunov, S.S. Voznesenskiy, Z.M. Markina, T.Y. Orlova, The study of fluorescence features of microalgae from the genus Pseudo-nitzschia and the possibility of their detection in water, Algal Res. 64 (2022) 102662.
