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12Female acrobats' choreographic training model for excellence stage
UDC 796.015
PhD, Associate Professor L.M. Bezhentseva1
1Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution
of Higher Education "National Research Tomsk State University", Tomsk
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Objective of the study was to offer and test benefits of a new female acrobats' choreographic training model for excellence stage.
Methods and structure of the study. The new choreographic training model testing experiment was run at Children and Youth Olympic Reserve Sport School (CYORSS) No. 3 in Tomsk in the 2018-19 academic year. We sampled for the study the sport excellence group trainees (n=10) split up into Experimental Group (EG, n=10) and Reference Group (RG, n=10). The pre-experimental tests found the groups virtually equal in the general and special physical fitness tests. The RG was trained as recommended by the traditional system; whilst the EG training was dominated by the new choreographic training model.
Results and conclusions. The developed methodology of complex choreographic training of female acrobats was designed for an academic year (about 74 classes) and was conducted regularly twice a week in the preparatory part and at the beginning of the main part of the training session. The peculiarity of choreographic training of female acrobats was that it was based on motor asymmetry. Each motor action in the choreographic classes was performed equally in each direction with both legs and arms. A series of exercises with a rubber band was also used, which consisted of exercises to develop in female acrobats static strength, special endurance, flexibility, and coordination skills. In the process of choreographic training, the musical and dance exercise method was used, since teaching the elements of classical and folk dance is the basis of choreographic training.
The new female acrobats' choreographic training model for the excellence stage was tested beneficial for the general and special physical fitness of the trainees.
Keywords: acrobatics, choreographic training, motor skills, sport excellence stage, theoretical and practical trainings, physical fitness.
Background. Competitive performance in modern acrobatics may be successful only when the routines are original and execution artistry is excellent in every element including synch with the musical illustrations - that means that every athlete shall demonstrate a high mastery in every sport-specific motor skill based on perfect physical qualities. Therefore, the key goal of a choreographic training model is to facilitate progress in expressivity and help the athlete build up the motor skill arsenal for excellent competitive performance. The choreographic training models, as provid-
ed by many sport specialists will give a special priority to progress in motor memory and movement coordination qualities on the whole and in jumping, flexibility, joint motility, elasticity, muscle strength, expressivity and artistry in particular [1-5].
Objective of the study was to offer and test benefits of a new female acrobats' choreographic training model for excellence stage.
Methods and structure of the study. The new choreographic training model testing experiment was run at Children and Youth Olympic Reserve Sport
School (CYORSS) No. 3 in Tomsk in the 2018-19 academic year. We sampled for the study the sport excellence group trainees (n=10) split up into Experimental Group (EG, n=10) and Reference Group (RG, n=10). The pre-experimental tests found the groups virtually equal in the general and special physical fitness tests. The RG was trained as recommended by the traditional system; whilst the EG training was dominated by the new choreographic training model.
Results and discussion. The pre-experimental tests found the intergroup differences being insignificant (p>0.05) in every general/ special physical fitness test. Based on the test data and analyses, we developed and implemented in the EG trainings the new choreographic training model that includes classical dance elements, rhythmic gymnastics, acrobat-
ics and dance combinations, free plastic, walking and running elements, plus combinations with elastic rubber. The choreographic training model was tested for academic year (about 74 classes), with two trainings a week, and with special choreographic training workouts in the warm-up and main parts of every training class. The 60-min choreographic training trainings were designed on a time-efficient basis at no sacrifice for the core training system.
A special emphasis in the choreographic training model was made on the motor asymmetry, with every motor skill executed so as to mobilize equally the body, legs and arms using as much as possible the rubber band. The asymmetry correction set of exercises was designed to develop static strength, special endurance, flexibility and movement coordi-
Table 1. General physical fitness test data
Pre-experimental Post-experimental
Test RG EG RG EG
X ±G X ±G X ±G X ±G
20m sprint, s 4,1±0,5 4,4±0,7 4,3±0,4 4,8±0,7
Standing long jump, cm 4,2±0,4 4,5±0,3 4,4±0,3 5,0±0,2
30-s sit-ups, count 4,1±0,5 4,6±0,4 3,8±0,7 5,0±0,5*
Pull-ups, count 3,0±0,5 3,3±0,5 3,4±0,8 3,9±0,4
Handstand, s 4,2±0,7 4,5±0,3 3,7±0,4 5,0±0,0*
Prone push-ups, count 4,0±0,8 4,5±0,5 4,1±0,9 4,9±0,3*
* significance of intergroup difference, р<0.05 Table 2. Special physical fitness test data
Test Pre-experimental Post-experimental
RG X ±G EG X ±G RG X ±G EG X ±G
Front right-leg balance, points 3,2±0,4 3,2±0,4 3,3±0,5 4,3±0,5*
Side right-leg balance, points 3,2±0,4 3,3±0,5 3,6±0,7 4,5±0,5*
Back right-leg balance, points 4,0±0,7 4,0±0,5 4,1 ±0,6 5,0±0,4*
Front left-leg balance, points 3,2±0,4 3,5±0,5 3,6±0,5 4,1±0,3*
Side left-leg balance, points 3,6±0,5 3,7±0,4 3,7±0,4 4,3±0,5*
Back left-leg balance, points 4,0±0,7 4,2±0,4 4,1±0,6 4,6±0,5*
Forward split leap, points 4,5±0,5 4,6±0,5 4,8±0,5 5,0±0,02
Full twisting vertical foot bounce, points 4,6±0,5 4,6±0,5 4,7±0,5 5,0±0,1
*significance of intergroup difference, р<0.05 ww.teoriya.ru 7
nation. The choreographic training trainings widely applied the dance elements with musical illustrations since the classical and folk dance elements are viewed as a basis of the choreographic training model [3]. Group progress was rated by the post- versus pre-experimental general/ special physical fitness tests: see the Tables hereunder.
As demonstrated by the above Table 1, the EG made signficantly higher progress in the abs/ shoulder girdle strength endurance and coordination skills tests.
As demonstrated by Table 2, the EG made a significant progress versus the RG for the experimental period in the special balancing skills tests.
Conclusion. The new female acrobats' choreographic training model for the excellence stage was tested beneficial for the general and special physical fitness of the trainees.
References
1. Baryshnikova T. K. The ABC of Choreography. St. Petersburg: Respeks publ., 1996. pp. 27-31, 43.
2. Morel F.Z. Choreography in sport. Moscow: Fiz-kultura i sport publ., 1971. 110 p.
3. Roters T.T. Musical and rhythmic education and rhythmic gymnastics. Study guide. Moscow: Prosveshchenie publ., 1989. 175 p.
4. Inozemtseva E.S., Khatskaleva E.G. Elite female gymnasts special motor qualities required for group exercise performance success in rhythmic gymnastics. TaPPC. 2016. no. 10. P. 88-90.
5. Zagrevskij O.I., Beznosikova E.V.. Junior rhythmic gymnasts jumping ability progress tests. Te-oriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury. 2017. No. 4. pp. 86-88.
