CC BY
13АуК_| © Амурский зоологический журнал. VII(1), 2015.25-27 | Accepted: 16.01.2015
УДК 595.768.23 | ©Amurian zoological journal. VIl( 1), 2015.25-27 | Published: 31.03.2015
A FAUNISTIC STUDY ON THE FAMILY CURCULIONIDAE (COLEOPTERA) FROM SEMNAN
PROVINCE, IRAN
H. Ghahari1, A.A. Legalov2
[Гхари Г., Легалов А.А. Фаунистическое изучение семейства Curculionidae (Coleoptera) провинции Семнан, Иран] 'Department of Plant Protection, Yadegar - e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; email: hghahari@yahoo.com
2Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Laboratory of Phylogeny and Faunogenesis, Frunze street, 11, 630091, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: fossilweevils@gmail.com, legalov@ngs.ru
'Отдел сельского хозяйства, Исламский университет Азад, отделение Шахр-рей, Тегеран, Иран. E-mail: h_ ghahhari@yahoo.com
2Институт систематики и экологии животных СО РАН, лаборатория филогении и фауногенеза, Фрунзе, 11, 630091, Новосибирск, Россия. E-mail: fossilweevils@gmail.com, legalov@ngs.ru
Key words: Coleoptera, Curculionidae, fauna, Semnan Ключевые слова: Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, фауна, Семнан
Summary. This paper deals with the species diversity of Curculionidae (Coleoptera) from Semnan province. In total 24 species from 9 genera and 4 subfamilies Lixinae, Barididae, Curculioninae, Entiminae were collected and identified. Резюме. В статье рассмотрено разнообразие жуков семейства Curculionidae (Coleoptera) провинции Семнан. Выявлено 24 вида из 9 родов 4 подсемейств: Lixinae, Barididae, Curculioninae, Entiminae.
INTRODUCTION
With about 4 600 genera and 51 000 described species, the family Curculionidae is an order of magnitude larger than any other in weevils and comprises in excess of 80% of all weevil species. Curculionidae occur all over the world, from the arctic zone in the north to the subantarctic islands in the south, from beaches to mountain tops, from deserts to rainforests. They feed on virtually all plants, mainly angiosperms but also gymnosperms, pteridophytes, bryophytes and lichens and occasionally they even browse on algae and cyanobacteria [Marvaldi et al., 2002; Oberprieler et al., 2007]. The fauna of Iranian Curculionidae was studied rather well and the main work is the checklist of Iranian Curculionoidea [Legalov et al., 2010]. After that many other works have been published [ Ghahari, Legalov, 2011; Ghahari et al., 2011; Ghahari, Arzanov, 2012a, 2012b; Ghahari, Colonelli, 2012; Eshraghi, Sadeghi, 2012; Fathi et al., 2013; Sanaei et al., 2014]. The aim of this research is a faunistic work on the Curculionidae of Guilan province, northern Iran.
The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range and borders to Dasht-e Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province is divided into two parts: a mountainous region, and the plains at the foot of the mountains. Neighbours are in the north Golestan, Mazandaran, at the west Tehran, Qom, at the South Isfahan and at the East Razavi Khorasan. Abr forest (Jangal-e Abr or Cloud forest) which is located in this province lies in the central province of
Semnan, near its border with Golestan province. It is one of the oldest forests in Iran which is a remnant of the third geological age. Cloud forest usually has subtropical temperature with constant hanging fog, or clouds, that sit at canopy level. Due to its unique position of being always covered in moisture by low hanging clouds, tropical montane cloud forests have special, unique microclimates.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials were collected by sweeping, beating tray, canopy fogging, leaf litter sifting and processing the samples through Berlese funnels, Malaise and flight intercept traps, and of course hand collecting by locating suitable hosts and searching for weevils (e.g. under the barks). When available, information concerning the date of collection, locality, coordinates, and number of specimens in brackets are also given. In this paper we follow the classification and the nomenclature of weevils as suggested by Gratshev and Legalov [2014], Legalov [2010], Legalov et al. [2010], Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal [1999] and Colon-nelli [2004]. Both genera and species of the recorded insects have been listed in alphabetical order, whereas the order of families follows that by Zherichin and Egorov [1991].
RESULTS
In total 24 species of Curculionidae from 9 genera and 4 subfamilies were collected and identified from different regions of Semnan province. The list of species is given below alphabetically with distribution data.
Family Curculionidae Latreille, 1802 Subfamily Lixinae Schoenherr, 1823 Tribe Lixini Schoenherr, 1823 Genus Lixus Fabricius 1802 Lixus elegantulus Boheman, 1843 Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Dibaj, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (2), May 2010; Sorkheh, Biabanak, 35°27'N 53°13'E, (1), July 2012. Lixus juncii Boheman, 1836 Material: Semnan province, Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (1), June 2011.
Lixus pulverulentus (Scopoli, 1763)
Material: Semnan province, Garmsar, Cheshme-Na-
di, 35°00'N 52°20'E, (1), April 2011.
Lixus subtilis Boheman, 1836
Material: Semnan province, Mahdishahr, Roodbar,
35°42'N 53°21'E, (1), May 2010; Shahrud, Abbas-
Abad, 35°30'N 55°30'E, (2), June 2011.
Lixus umbellatarum (Fabricius, 1787)
Material: Semnan province, Mahdishahr, Dasht-Se-
fid, 35°42'N 53°21'E, (1), May 2010.
Genus Larinus Dejean, 1821 Larinus bardus Gyllenhal, 1836 Material: Semnan province, Mahdishahr, Dehsofian, 35°42'N 53°21'E, (3), May 2010. Larinus elegans Desbrochers, 1897 Material: Semnan province, Garmsar, Ivanaky, 35°00'N 52°20'E, (2), April 2011; Shahrud, Rezvan, 35°30'N 55°30'E, (1), June 2011. Larinus liliputanus Faust, 1890 Material: Semnan province, Sorkheh, Asad-Abad, 35°27'N 53°13'E, (1), July 2012. Larinus onopordi (Fabricius, 1787) Material: Semnan province, Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (2), June 2011.
Larinus rudicollis Petri, 1906
Material: Semnan province, Shahrud, Ali-Abad,
35°30'N 55°30'E, (2), June 2011.
Larinus vitellinus Gyllenhal, 1835 Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Dehkho-da, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (1), May 2010; Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (1), June 2011.
Subfamily Baridinae Schoenherr, 1836 Supertribe Ceutorhynchitae Gistel, 1856 Tribe Ceutorhynchini Gistel, 1856
Genus Ceutorhynchus Germar, 1824 Ceutorhynchus languidus Schultze, 1902 Material: Semnan province, Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (3), June 2011.
Ceutorhynchus sulcicollis (Paykull, 1800) Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Seyd-Abad, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (2), May 2010; Shahrud, Namad-
mal, 35°30'N 55°30'E, (1), June 2011.
Genus Hadroplontus Thomson, 1859 Hadroplontus trimaculatus (Fabricius, 1775) Material: Semnan province, Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (3), June 2011.
Genus Stenocarus Thomson, 1859 Stenocarus ruficornis (Stephens, 1831) Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Varkyan, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (1), May 2010.
Subfamily Curculioninae Latreille, 1802 Tribe Curculionini Latreille, 1802 Genus Curculio Linnaeus, 1758 Curculio elephas (Gyllenhal, 1836) Material: Semnan province, Semnan, Delazian, 35°20'N 53°20'E, (1), April 2010.
Tribe Tychiini Thomson, 1859 Genus Tychius Germar, 1817 Tychius argentatus Chevrolat, 1859 Material: Semnan province, Mahdishahr, Roodbar, 35°42'N 53°21'E, (3), May 2010; Sorkheh, 35°27'N 53°13'E, (2), July 2012. Tychius festivus (Faust, 1884) Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Dehkhoda, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (2), May 2010. Tychius hirtellus Tournier, 1873 Material: Semnan province, Semnan, Keyr-Abad, 35°20'N 53°20'E, (1), April 2010; Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (1), June 2011. Tychius stephensi Schoenherr, 1836 Material: Semnan province, Garmsar, Dehnamak, 35°00'N 52°20'E, (1), April 2011.
Subfamily Entiminae Schoenherr, 1823 Tribe Hyperini Lacordaire, 1863 Genus Hypera Germar 1817 Donus fasciculatus (Herbst, 1795) Material: Semnan province, Jangal-e Abr, 36°42'N 55°05'E, (2), June 2011; Sorkheh, Sofi-Abad, 35°27'N 53°13'E, (1), July 2012. Hypera postica (Gyllenhal, 1813) Material: Semnan province, Damghan, Ghosheh, 35°30'N 54°20'E, (5), May 2010; Shahrud, Mighan, 35°30'N 55°30'E, (6), June 2011.
Tribe Otiorhynchini Schoenherr, 1826 Genus Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822 Otiorhynchus (Misenatus) lugens (Germar, 1817)
Material: Semnan province, Shahrud, Jilan, 35°30'N 55°30'E, (2), June 2011.
Otiorhynchus (Podonebistus) bleusei Faust, 1899 Material: Semnan province, Semnan, Abkhory, 35°20'N 53°20'E, (1), April 2010.
DISCUSSION
In this paper totally 24 curculionid species were collected from different regions of Semnan province. Subfamilies Lixinae and Curculioninae with 11 and 7 species respectively, are more diverse than the Barid-inae and Entiminae (both 4 species). Among the 9 genera, Larinus with 6, Lixus with 5 and Tychius both with 4 species are more diverse than other genera. In this research, a few localities of Semnan province were covered for sampling; surely continuing sampling in other regions (especially Jangal-e Abr with rich flora) will result in new data. Additionally identification of host plants of Curculionidae is a very valuable work which was poorly studied in Iran.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors are grateful to E. Colonelli (Italy) and G.Yu. Arzanov (Russia) for their cooperation on identification of specimens. The research was supported by Islamic Azad University (Yadegar - e- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Branch) and Institute of Animal Sys-tematics and Ecology.
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