CC BY
8
Burxonova N.M. assistant
"Management" department Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service
FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN THEIR ENTERPRISES
Abstract. In this article, scientifically based proposals and recommendations have been developed on the factors affecting product quality and production efficiency in enterprises today and ways to determine them.
Key words: management, enterprise, quality management, product quality, production efficiency.
At a time when the economy of our country is developing more and more, light industrial enterprises have their place and potential in the economy of our country. The demand for Uzbekistan's textile products in the global market is increasing day by day. One of the main reasons for this is the high quality of textile products produced in our country, and the fact that the mechanism of product quality management in enterprises is good. Based on this, several light industrial enterprises were established in our country in the following years.
Each of the light industrial enterprises should work with a certain efficiency as an economic entity. Enterprises achieve efficiency only when the product is of high quality, and the product quality is formed based on modern requirements. For this, it is necessary to develop a system of factors affecting all performance indicators and determine their impact. In this case, together with the performance indicators, it is necessary to study their result indicators separately. Because efficiency will be high only if the result indicators are high.
Based on this theoretical conclusion, one of the resulting indicators is the volume of net income from the sale of products, that is, total income. The factors influencing the change of this indicator are hardly published in the economic literature. Taking this into account, we have developed a system of factors affecting these indicators. In our opinion, the following factors influence the change of this indicator:
S total number of employees in the enterprise;
S average working days of the company's employees in a year;
S average working hours of employees in one day;
S average income per employee, i.e. hourly labor productivity of an employee.
We recommend calculating their relationship with the result indicator using the following formula:
Ut = Xs * Ki * Is * Mu; (2.1)
In this: Ut - the volume of net income from the sale of products, that is, total income;
Mj - total number of employees in the enterprise;
Ki- average working days of the company's employees in a year;
Is- average working hours of employees per day;
Mu - average income per employee, i.e. hourly labor productivity of an employee.
The main task of the analysis is to determine the effect of these factors on the result. For this, first of all, it is necessary to determine their difference. To determine this difference, we recommend the following formula:
AUt = (XS'h* Kih * IS'h* Muh)- (Xs r* Ki r * Is r* Mu r);(2.2) In order to determine the effect of the first factor, that is, the number of total employees in the enterprise, on the change of the result indicator, that is, the amount of net income from the sale of products, the result is recalculated with the actual amount of this factor (Xs h* Ki r * Is r* Mu r) and the planned amount of the result from this amount (Xs r* Ki r * Isr* Mu r) will be separated. For this, we recommend using the following formula:
AUtXs=(Xs h* Ki r * Is r* Mu r) - (Xs r* Ki r * Is r* Mu r);(2.3) In order to determine the effect of the second factor, i.e. the average working days of the company's employees in a year, on the change of the net income from the sale of products, that is, the total income, the result is recalculated with the actual amount of this factor (Xs h* Ki h * Isr* Mu r) and the amount recalculated from this amount by changing the first factor of the result (Xs h* Ki r * Is r* Mu r) will be separated. For this, we recommend using the following formula: AUtKi=(Xs h* Ki h * Is r* Mu r) - (Xs h* Ki r * Is r* Mu r); (2.4) In order to determine the impact of the third factor, i.e. the average number of working hours of employees per day, on the change of the result indicator, that is, the net income from the sale of products, the result is recalculated with the actual amount of this factor (Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu r) and the recalculated amount of the result with the change of the second factor from this amount (Xs h* Ki h * Is r* Mu r) will be separated. We recommend using the following formula for this: AUtIs=(Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu r) - (Xs h* Ki h * Is r* Mu r);(2.5) The ratio of the result indicator, that is, the volume of net income from the sale of products, that is, to the change in the total income, of the fourth factor, that is, the average income per one employee, that is, the employee's hourly labor to determine the effect of productivity, the result from the actual amount (Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu h) and the amount recalculated from this amount with the change of the third factor (Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu r) will be separated. We recommend using the following formula for this:
AUtMu=(Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu h) - (Xs h* Ki h * Is h* Mu r);(2.6) The effect of all factors should be equal to the total difference of the result. The following formula is used for this:
AUt= AUtXs ± AUtKi± AUtIs± UtMu;(2.7)
If this formula is solved with the help of practical data, the influence of factors on the change of the result will be determined, as well as the internal possibilities of its improvement will be found.
As a general conclusion, we can calculate that the production efficiency of enterprises is changing in a positive direction using the above formula. But as a result of the factor analysis, it became clear that the effect of the factor of the average number of working days worked by the company's employees in a year caused a decrease in the total income. It is necessary for the managers of the enterprise to draw the correct conclusion from this.
References:
1. Boyjigitov S. Opportunities to Increase the Effectiveness of Marketing Activities in the Enterprise //Middle European Scientific Bulletin. - 2022. - Т. 21. - С. 82.
2. Узбекистан Республикаси Президенти Шавкат Мирзиёев раислигида 2020 йил 3 апрель куни коронавирус пандемияси келтириб чикарган инкирозга карши курашиш шароитида тадбиркорликни куллаб-кувватлаш масалалари буйича видеоселектор йотилиши.
3. Пардаев М.К,., Холикулов А.Н."Иктисодиёт субъектларида омилли та^лилни такомиллаштириш". Монография. Т.: Навруз нашриёти. 2014 й. 64-108 бетлар.
4. Халилов Н.Х,. Саноат корхоналарида сифатни бошкариш тизимини ривожлантиришнинг ташкилий - иктисодий механизмлари. Монография. Т.: - Ношир, 2014 й.
